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Archduke Francis Ferdinand, heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, and his wife Sophie were assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia by Gavrilo Princip. Princip was a member of the Black Hand terrorists who believed that Bosnia should be a part of Serbia (not Austria-Hungary).
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After the assassination, Kaiser William II, the German emperor, assured Austria-Hungary that Germany would stand by its ally if war came. Confident in Germany’s support, Austria-Hungary then sent a harsh ultimatum to Serbia demanding Serbia’s total cooperation in an investigation into the assassination. When Serbia did not agree to all of the demands, Austria-Hungary declared war against them on July 28, 1914.
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Austria-Hungary ignored Serbia's readiness to seek a peaceful end to the crisis and declared war.
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Germany invaded neutral Belgium on its way to France. It took them 3 weeks to cross Belgium.
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370,000 Russian soldiers invated Germany.
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The French intended to attack the Germans in Alsace and Lorraine and then push on to German's capital, Berlin, but they were defeated and more than 40,000 Frenchmen died there between August 20 - 23.
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On August 26 - 31, 1914 the Germans defeated Samsonov's army killing over 80,000 Russian soldiers. Then the German army headed east to attack Rennenkampf's army at the Masurian Lakes. About 125,000 Russian soldiers were killed duringthe second week of September. These were major German victories but diverted German troops from the Western Front.
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The first battle was the Battle of the Marne. Which lead to Germans using trenches and Machine guns, which the French and British would soon copy. Later the Germans would use poison gas.
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Both English and German soldiers made a temprorary truce and spent the night talking, singing, playing footbal(soccer), giving gifts and drinking. The leaders of the war learned about the Truce and warned that next year anyone who tried to do this would be shot.
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First Zepplin attack
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Germany starts sinking allied ships with U-boats and submarines.
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A German U-Boat sank the Lusitania off the coast of Ireland killing 1198 people including 128 Americans.
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A German U-Boat sinks the Sussex. There are 80 casualties including 25 Americans. 50 passengers die.
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President Woodrow Wilson demanded that Germany stop attacks about vessels and threatened to cut off diplomatic ties with Germany.
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The British intercepted a telagram from Germany's foreign minister Arthur Zimmerman to Germany's minister to Mexico offering Mexico the right to reclaim Texas, New Mexico and Arizona in return for an alliance.
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US newspapers published the Zimmerman telegram causing anger and outrage against Germany.
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The U.S. declares war against Germany.
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First victory for American troops.
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The Treaty of Versailles was the peace treaty that ended World War I. In the treaty, Germany was declared responsible for the war and was forced to pay huge reparations for the damage caused by the conflict. Its armed forces was strictly limited and much of its territories were taken away. The bitterness and economic upheaval that the treaty caused in Germany was a major cause of World War II.
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President Woodrow Wilson declared that if women could do the jobs of men, they should also be able to vote.
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Germany makes too much money
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Calvin Coolidge is elected president after Warren G Harding died in office.
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High school teatcher John Scopes was arrested for teaching evolution. A trial was held to decide if it was illegal to teach evolution in a public school but in the end the court only fined John Scopes $100 and did not address evolution.
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A recession started when the Federal Government increased interest rates.
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The Stock Market reached a high of XX and many banks and people invested hoping the market would go higher. Instead by October 29 it had dropped 39.6%.
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Black Thursday
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The Empire State Building Opens.
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WWII began in Europe. The United States is not involved yet.
