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They are long elevated or underground conduits that carry water to town or city.
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-In 200 CE, the Teotihuacan region reaches it’s peak as a major center of trade. Goods from this area were exported to civilizations all over Mexico and, as a result, the economy thrived.
Muriel Francis-Hoyle -
very powerful dynasty, had a large impact on China's heritage, legalists, family most important
-Carter Stark -
Harsh empire, brought a large part of China together
-Carter Stark -
253 a.d. Local rulers in Morocco revolt and form a separate kingdom. However the power of the region begins to decline.
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Mayan's develop astrology, calendars, math, and writing Laura Klever
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300 B.C.E.
•Trans-Saharan Trade routes that linked Northern Africa and Central Africa began to developed during this time period around 300 B.C.E. The forest dwelling Central Africans traded kola nuts and edible palm oil with Sahel middlemen along the Sahara for other products. These trade routes slowly became more extensive and proved to be an important part of African trade. -
300 a.d Since the Romans have become a christian empire many of the people of this area are “converted.” However the influence of the Carthagians continues to play a leading role in the lives of the everyday people and still today christianity in the region is much more superstitious than the European churches.
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Like its Mauryan predecessor, the Gupta Empire originated in the kingdom of Magadha. It was founded by Chandra Gupta and though the state was large it never controlled territories as extensive as the Mauryans. Like the previous empire of the region, rulers expanded trade, used the agricultural productivity of the Ganges Plain, and controlled iron deposits. The Guptas lacked the range of influence needed to rule the outlying provinces the same way as the Mauryans and relied heavily on provincial
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323-30bce Hellenistic Age refers to a political and cultural influence of Greece over foreign subjects in North Africa and western Asia… started by the death of Alexander the Great, when his territory broke up into three Macedonian states… created a new 'culture' where Greeks seen as a higher up in society, (arrogant as seen by egyptians)...many cultural changes to Greek ideas and customs (Taryn Pepping)
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Chandragupti Mauyra, a young man who may have belonged to the Vaishya or Shudra class, gained control of the kingdom of Magadha and expanded it into the Mauryan Empire--India’s first centralized empire. After the death of Alexander the Great the Mauryan kingdom extended its control over the entire subcontinent except for the southernmost tip of the peninsula. A tax of one-fourth the value of harvests, large imperial army, royal control of mines, shipbuilding, and manufacture of armaments secured
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Alexander the Great invades Central Asia
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Main source of trade for East Asia, New technology was created along the road
-Carter Stark -
-(400BCE) The Mayan culture creates the first ever, solar calendars. These calendars were originally created from carving large things into circular pieces of stone.
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430 a.d. The Vandals destroy the Roman rule in North Africa, and the region is dissolved into many small kingdoms.
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31bce-476ce ROMAN empire….relied on its code of laws to regulate social life… established provinicial administrations, sent Roman Senetor to oversee matters, early wealth based on agriculture, promotion of trade, uniform legal code, promotion of legal cult/later Christianity, control of ocean borne trade that brought in food, stong armies, fell because of intensified invasions and security issues along frontiers (like han and gupta empires) (Taryn Pepping
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500 B.C.E.
Bantu speaking peoples originating from the boundary of Nigeria and Cameroon began spreading outward in full force during and a little before this time period. They brought with them knowledge of iron smelting, agricultural, and cattle. The Bantu migration can be traced through the Bantu related languages throughout central Africa and by the spread of similar cattle breeds and agricultural practices. Alex Karnish -
This migration happened over a large period of time. People migrated south of the sahara because of the desert and lack of resources. This migration spread cultures of Africa to many places. Annie DeVries
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Iron smelting migrates south with the Bantu people Kevin Meyer
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Legalism, very strict laws and harsh punishments
-Carter Stark -
ancestor veneration, became dominate religion, Mengzi made teachings more well known
-Carter Stark -
Promotes peace, follow a path and avoid usless struggles
-Carter Stark -
The Black Plague spreads to Egypt. Ryan Scott
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Christianity spreads to Ethiopia, where it becomes a permanent addition to its culture. Ryan Scott
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-500 BCE, All throughout Central Mexico at this time, there are numerous cultures that discover pottery as not only a practical tool, but an art form. Archeologists have discovered thousands of pottery pieces, often found at burial sites or what are presumably residential dwellings.
Muriel Francis-Hoyle -
An agricultural technique using hoes and digging sticks eventually takes hold in Southern Africa. Kevin Meyer
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The Bantu-speaking peoples eventually migrated all the way down into parts of Southern Africa, bringing parts of their culture with them. Kevin Meyer
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It lasted from 507 B.C.E. to 31 C.E. it was not a democracy. Wealthy male citizens were only allowed to vote and it was a republic.
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34 a.d. Algeria is taken over by Emperor Justinian 1, and becomes a part of the Byzantine empire. On a side note by this time the Sahara desert has been steadily encroaching in part due to the bad farming practices and over farming however most of it is due to a climate change that began much earlier.
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Central Asia city-states become satrapies of the Achaemenid empire
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Iron tools in Southern Africa support societies with denser populations. Kevin Meyer
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By this time the Gupta Empire was coming under pressure from the Huns. The nomadic invaders from Central Asia poured into the northwest corridor. Defense of the distant frontier region eventually exhausted the imperial treasury and the empire collapsed by 550 and thus India returned to a state of political fragmentation.
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650-575 b.c Carthage gains independence from Tyre and takes over their former colonies in that area. This makes it one of the leading empires of the b.c time period it now controls a large amount of trade. That includes gold, spices, silver, ivory and silk as well as less luxurious items such as grain and iron tools of high quality.
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With the arrival of the Bantu people, cultures in Southern Africa begin to mix. Kevin Meyer
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Rise of large urban cities in Peru Laura Klever
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Until about 600CE people depended upon hunting and gathering to help them live and trade goods. Annie DeVries
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Twin brothers Romulus and Remus where raised by a she wolf. When they were old Romulus killed Remus and named the city after himself.
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When the Persians attacked Greece in the early 5th century.
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Hellenistic age: During this time, Greek culture was dominant throughout the Mediterranean, many advances in science; philosophy, art, and literature were made.
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When Greek states broke out in war. The war was between Sparta and Athens with Athens falling. After this Persia invaded and Greece fell.
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-Carter Stark
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-600 CE, The original Olmec civilization splits into several groups; the Maya, the Zapotec, the Totonac, and the Teotihuacán people.
Muriel Francis-Hoyle -
Iron working begins in Subsaharan Africa. Ryan Scott
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The people of Indonesia migrate to Madagascar, taking with them their culture and way of life that will be continued in their new home. Ryan Scott
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100 a.d the north african coast is completely claimed by the Roman empire however there are still strong Berber leaders in the area based mostly out of the interior of the area that provide a constant voltilaty in the region based on their like or dislike of the Roman leaders
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7 queens ruled in Meroe in Southern Nubia from 284 BCE-115 CE. Ryan Scott
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Developments in art, ceramics, and weavings begin Laura Klever
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Weakened by dynastic disputes, the Mauryan Empire collapsed from the pressure of attacks in the northwest. Five hundred years passed before another indigenous state was able to extend its control over northern India. Until then, a series of foreign powers dominated the northwest, present day Afghanistan and Pakistan, and extended their influence east and south. Despite the political fragmentation of India, there were many signs of economic, cultural, and intellectual development. The network of
