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May 15, 1567
Claudio Monteverdi
Claudio Monteverdi was born in 1567. He is an Italian composer who worked at the basilica of St. Mark as maestro di cappella. Monteverdi wrote secular vocal music, church music and various stage works. Some of his works are L’Orfeo, Zefiro torna, and Ave Maria. -
Period: to
Baroque
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Elizabethan Era
During this era there was a daily life social order. This order being the monarch as highest, nobility second rank,gentry third, merchants fourth, yeomanry fifth and laborers sixth. It was believed that God had formed these ranks. Parliament regulated clothes that can only be worn by each rank and was considered wrong if laborers wroe clothes of the rich. There were also laws that controlled the expenditure on each rank including food, beverages, furniture, jewelry and clothing. -
Jamestown Established
Jamestown was America’s first permanent English colony. It was established in 1607 and was sponsored by the Virginia company of London. Although settlers successfully settled here they faced harsh times. Their relations with the Native Americans weren’t very good and they suffered the unfamiliar climate, brackish water, disease and lack of food supply. -
New Jersey Colonized
Sir George Carteret and Lord John Berkley were given each 1 part of New Jersey by the Dutch. Carteret had control over the east side while Berkley had the West. The land was named after the Isle of Jersey in the England Channel. They both sold their land at low prices to allow settlers to have political and religious freedom. New Jersey was more ethnically diverse and primarily a rural society. -
30 Years' War
30 years’ war began in 1618 when the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II attempted to curail the religious activities of his subjects. This lead to rebellion among Protestants. The war involved Sweden, France, Spain and Austria. The war ended in 1648 with a series of treaties called the Peace of Westphalia. -
Barbara Strozzi
Barbara strozzi was born 1619 in Venice. She was a baroque singer and composer. Strozzi was the most prolific composer of secular vocal music in this era. In 1644 she published her first opus. Most of her works were written for a soprano. They show her flexible musical form as she moved easily between cantatas, arriettas and duets. -
The Pilgrims
The pilgrims were people who sought religious freedom in the New World. To get to the New World 35 members of the England Seperatist Church set sail from England on the Mayflower in September 1620. Two months later, the Mayflower reached the shores of Cape Cod. The pilgrims then agreed to send an exploring party ashore and they landed on Plymouth Harbor. During the next several months, the pilgrims worked to settle down there. Their first fort and watchtower was built on Burial Hill. -
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Unfortunately many of them died during the first winter due to harsh weather and poor nutrition. The Native Americans there helped them survive by teaching them how to harvest corn, fish and hunt beaver. This deed lead to the feast they shared together called Thanksgiving. -
Jean Baptiste Lully
Jean baptiste lully is a French composer and inventor of French opera. He was born in Italy 1632. At age 17 he knew everything he could about music. However, he was known for his artistry as a dancer in the court ballets. He later became in charge of only instrumental music for the ballets. When he started to collaborate with the playwright Moliere on a series of comedies-ballets is when Lully invented the French opera. He was no longer impressed by Italian operas so Lully then chose the poet -
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poet Philippe Quinault and created tragedie lyrique. Lully composd a total of 13 tragedies lyriques. Some of those works being Psyche, Isis and Armide. -
First Public Opera House
The first opera house opened in Venice 1637. They called in Teatro San Cassiano. It was originally built by Andrea Palladio with wood but destroyed. It was rebuilt in stone by the Tron Family. The first opera hosted in this theater were L’Andromeda and La Maga Fulminata by Romans Benedetto Ferrari and Francesco Manelli. It hosted its last performances in 1807 and then burned again. -
Reign of Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV of France was also known as the Sun King. His reign lasted 72 years. In that time he transformed the monarchy, presided over a dazzling royal court at Versailles, ushered in a golden age of art and literature, annexed key territories and established France as the dominant European power. However, toward the end of his rule France started to weaken due to war. -
Isaac Newton
Isaac newton was an English physicist and Mathematician who lived from 1643-1727. Newton was taught standard science but he was much more interested in the advanced science so he spent time reading from the modern philosophers.He came up with the method of infinitesimal calculus, foundations for his theory on light and color, and insight into the laws of planetary motion. Among these he also proved his theory on the three laws of motion, invented the refracting telescope, and theory on gravity. -
Henry Purcell
Henry Purcell was born in 1659. He spent most of his time writing musical dramas and incidental stage music. Purcell is most remembered for his more than 100 songs, the opera Dido and Aeneas, and his incidental music to Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream. He composed music for the church, stage, court and private entertainment. -
Restoration Era
Restoration era began in 1660 when King Charles II was restored to the English throne. The bishops went back to Parliament where they established strict Anglican orthodoxy. This period also marked the revival of drama and literature. -
Antonio Vivaldi
Antonio Vivaldi was born in March 1678. Vivaldi was known for leaving the altar to quickly write down a musical idea. He started outas a violin teacher and then started composing his own works. His first staged opera was Ottone in villa. Handel’s first orstorio performed was Juditha Triumphans devicta Holofernis barbaric. Amongst these works were his most famous, The Four Seasons and Opus 3. -
George Friedrich Handel
G.F Handel was a German composer known for his operas, oratorios and instrumentals. From a very young age Handel always wanted to study music but his father didn’t think music was a realistic source of income. However, his mother was very supportive and encouraged Handel to practice secretly. Handel was a student of the composer Friedrich Wilhelm Zachow. He mastered organ, oboe and the violin by the time he was 10. He began to compose church cantatas and chamber music from the ages 11-17. -
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After composing several successful operas, he decided to compose Italian operas. Along with that he produced over 14 concerts with just oratorios. Some of his famous works are “Messiah” and “Almira”. -
John Sebastien Bach
J.S Bach was born in Germany 1685. Bach came from a family of musicians and the first instrument he learned from his father was the violin. By the age of 10 Bach became an orphan so he lived with his older brother who taught him more about music. He went to a music school but not for playing piano. He got into school for his soprano singing voice until his voice began to change and he switched to violin and harpsichord. Bach worked for various churches as an organist and had his own set -
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of problems with not rehearsing the church ensemble enough or pastors not agreeing with his musical style. Some of his most famous compositions are “Toccata and Fugue in Dminor” and “Brandenburg Concertos”. -
Glorious Revolution
Glorious revolution, also known as the Revolution of 1688, replaced the reigning king with the joint monarchy. This war established the supremacy of parliament over the crown. That set Britain on their way to a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy. -
Salem Witch Trials
The Salem witch trial began in 1692. It all started when a group of young girls accused local women of witch craft and claimed to be possessed by the devil. The women that were accused were brought before Jonathan Corwin and John Hathorne. One of the women confessed and claimed that their were other witches acting along side her. The first convicted witch that was hung was Bridget Bishop in that June. Over 150 men, women and children were accused. -
Bel Piacere
Bel piacere was written by George Friedrich Handel. This aria comes from the opera Agrippina. The Aria is in Act 3 and is the character Poppea’s expression of love to Ottono. -
SOURCES
http://womencomposers.org/composer/show/11 http://www.unt.edu/lully/Reference/Lullfram.html http://venicexplorer.com/explore-venice/theaters/san-cassiano-theatre.html http://www.littlesoprano.co.uk/post/39932265387/bel-piacere-g-f-handel http://www.historyisfun.org/jamestown-settlement/history-jamestown/
