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-The papal residence was moved to France in 1309 because of French influence
-After 69 years, Pope Gregory XI restores the residence back to Rome where it remained -
-When Pope Gregory had died, there was a question in who the next pope would be and where he would live.
-In Avignon, they continued to have popes over this period of time which are now considered false. -
-Gave pope only name recognition in France
-Limited papal authority and control of French Catholic Church -
-King Francis I of France and Pope Leo agree to church involvment
-King Francis I appoints clergy and Pope Leo receives all the money from the church in France -
-Begins Protestant Reformation in Europe
-Speaks out against indulgences & other church corruption -
-German leaders & Martin Luther presented 102 problems the had with the Catholic Church and what it was doing to the people
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-Martin Luther excommunicated
-All of his writings banned -
-Granted by Pope Leo X
-Given because of "Defense of the Seven Sacraments" document
-Ironic because of later actions by Henry VIII!
-Shows how close England and the Church once were -
-Declares Henry VIII head of Church of England
-Signifies the break away from Catholic Church in Rome
-Makes it illegal to be a Catholic in England -
-King Henry VIII got rid of all monasteries in England, Wales, and Ireland
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-Reformed the Catholic Church from the issues that brought about the Reformation
-Concluded in 1563 after three sessions over two popes
-Reforms mostly dealt with internal church discipline of authority -
-Reformed the Catholic Church from the issues that brought about the Reformation
-Concluded in 1563 after three sessions over two popes
-Reforms mostly dealt with internal church discipline of authority -
-Took away more Catholic power in England by instituing "The Book of Common Prayer" as the only legal worship book
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-Took measures against Huguenots in France, making it illegal for them to practice their faith
-Regarded them as heretics -
-Recognize Lutheranism and Catholicism in Germany
-Allow German rulers to choose religion for territory
-Church loses more power in Germany -
-Issued by King Henry IV of France
-Settled war between Catholics and Protestants which was destroying the country but tension remained
-Granted Protestants civil and religious freedom -
-Pope resided over a treaty between France and Spain to resolve a conflict.
-Shows how pope and church were involved in world affairs -
-Demanded all English subjects must take Oath of Supremacy against Catholic faith
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-Required members of England's political houses to take oath against many Catholic Church beliefs
-Prevented Catholics from entering both houses in government -
-Huguenots are now unwelcomed in France and Catholicism has a revival
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-Prevented Catholics from receiving throne in England
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-Abolishing voting rights in United Kingdom for all Catholics
-Repealed in 1793 -
-Took authority of the church in France away from the pope and made it a state matter
-Dissolved most religious orders in France
-Botched church relations with France -
-Signed between Napoleon and Pope Pius VII
-Brought back Catholicism in France which was attacked during the French revolution
-Established good relationship with the Pope and France -
-Repealed all Penal Laws enforced on Catholics in the United Kingdom
-Permitted Catholics to sit in Parliament -
-Declared Catholicism the only state authorized religion of the newly united Italian States
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-Required religious teachings in the public schools as well as the Catholic schools
-Didn't sit well with Third French Republic so they instituted laws to replace it with civic traning -
-Lands belonging to the pope are taken away restricting residency to only the Vatican
-Shows loss of power within the church -
-Pope Leo XIII writes encyclical to help keep church in Christian philosophy and not fall into modern demands
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-Addressed church's position on the issues facing the government and public people
-Resulted in democratic Catholic political parties and trade unions -
-Last Catholic monarch of Austria-Hungary
-Tried to make peace between the nations but ignored
-Later, beatified in the Catholic Church for projecting good faith & promoting peace in his reign -
-Granted full independence under Holy See (Catholic Church episcopal rule) to Vatican City
-Vatican City declared neutral in all international affairs and wars
-Agreed to by Benito Mussolini -
-Killed 6832 Catholics for their faith in Spain due to government civil wars
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-Catholics all across Europe make efforts to save the Jews from extermination by hiding them from the German Nazis
-Some Catholics in different parts of Europe were also persecuted against during this time -
-German forces take over Rome but leave Vatican City (inside Rome) alone because of its holy state
