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He wanted to tax the church which caused conflict between him and Pope Boniface VIII, who told his clergy members not to. He ended up backing down, stating that the french king could tax the church in times of emergency (which the king decides). Philip IV also imprisoned a French Bishop, which the pope stated was illegal. The pope threatened to excommunicate him, so the king captured him. The pope died while in captivity.
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The span of his Papacy.
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Due to a lack of available silver coins were debased; this hurt the nobility. In order to make up for their lost income, lords and knights turned to plundering / warfare.
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Multiple conditions such as poor farming practices and a decrease in animal husbandry led to a shortage of food. Malnutrition and death by starvation was rampant.
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Pope Boniface VIII attempted to uphold the idea that the Papacy was above secular rulers. "...We declare...that it is altogether necessary to salvation for every human creature to be subject to the Roman Pontiff." However, despite this bold statement they have no way of enforcing it and thus this further exacerbated the decline of the Papacy.
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Without an influx of Italian income, the Papacy became heavily reliant on France. They became viewed as a mere tool of the French monarchs and this, coupled with their indulgence in luxury and lack of care for what the general public wanted, resulted in a growth in anti-papal sentiment.
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He's born in England and eventually grows up to challenge the church. He stressed individual relationships with God, denounced the clergy, and stated that the church was not the way towards salvation. His followers will be known as Lollards and will be persecuted; the church tells him to stop, which he does, and they let him live his life out in peace.
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There were two men who both stressed that the church was not the means to salvation, but rather an individual's relationship with God was. The church did not agree.The men garnered a lot of support and therefore the church wanted to silence them.
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He dies from tuberculosis without a son, leaving no male heir.
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It began in Mongolia.
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Otherwise known as the Bubonic plague, this disease originated in Mongolia. It was spread by rats on trade ships, whom carried fleas that were infected, and the starving populations fell ill easily. 20 million people died (25% mortality rate) and it plummeted the economy.
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The vassal system resulted in English kings, whom were vassals to French kings, owning more of France then the native monarchies did. When Charles IV (French) died with no male heir, Edward III (English) believed he had a right to the throne. The two sides disagreed and thus the war started.
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First of three major victories for the English during the Hundred Years' War.
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Sicily is a trading hub, so when the plague reaches it, it explodes rapidly into an epidemic.
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The disease had stuck around in England, specifically London. Finally, a cold winter killed off the infected fleas and so the reign of the black death finally ended.
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Edward III's eldest son, Edward (the black prince) captured John II. It was an English victory and therefore a major blow to the french.
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Ends the first part of the Hundred Years' war; occurs when Edward (the black prince) captures John II (french) at the Battle of Poitiers. A serious setback for the French.
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Bohemia. He preaches much of the same things Wycliffe does and advocated for vernacular translations of the Bible. His followers were known as Hussites and were also persecuted.
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The Roman Catholic Church is divided due to the election of two popes, which is then attempted to be remedied though that simply results in there being three popes at once.
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There were three men elected as pope at the same time.
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Jeanne d'Arc is born; she will claim to be spoken to by God as a teenager, stating that he urged her to lead France against England in the Hundred Years' War.
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A council was devised to end the schism within the Roman Catholic Church / Papacy.
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The church told him to stop preaching, much like they did with Wycliffe, yet when he complied they killed him.
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The last of the three major English victories in the Hundred Years' war. It appeared that the war would end in Britain conquering France.
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The Council of Constance sorts out the issue and declares the true pope, reunifying the church.
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An art genre that aimed to remind everyone of how death is universal and imminent. Oldest known mural originated in France, dating back to 1424.
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First major victory for the French army during the Hundred Years' War.
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Joan of Arc and the french army liberated the city of Orleans during the war.
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The English troops capture her and burn her at the stake after claiming she was a witch. She is now regarded as a saint.
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Bordeaux surrendered, ending the war and leaving Calais as the only English-owned territory in all of France.
