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Civil Rights
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Jim Crow Laws
Jim Crow laws were state laws in the South that enforced racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans from the late 1800s to the 1960s. The laws made it legal to segregate things like schools, restaurants, and public places. -
Plessy vs. Ferguson
Was a U.S. Supreme Court Case that kept racial segregation under the “separate but equal” doctrine. Made segregation legal in public places like schools, transportation, etc. -
Tulsa Massacre
Tulsa Massacre was when white mob attacked the Black Community in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Over 300 Black residents were killed, and hundreds of businesses and homes were destroyed. -
Residential Segregation
Residential Segregation was the separation of people based on race in neighborhoods, making it hard for African Americans to live in certain housing areas. -
The Green Book
The green book was a guide for African Americans to use when traveling during segregation. The book recommends safe places to stay, eat, etc. Its also helps African Americans avoid certain areas where they face racism or hostility. -
Executive Order 9981
The Executive Order 9981 was used to desegregate the U.S. military, this ensured that all branches would integrate and treat African Americans equally. This Challenged racial discrimination and promoted equality. -
Brown Vs. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education was a U.S. Supreme Court case that ruled racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional. Reversing the “separate but equal” doctrine published by Plessy v. Ferguson. -
Emmet Till
Emmett Till was brutally lynched in Mississippi after allegedly offending a white woman. The killers charged not guilty by an all white jury and the publication of Emmet Till’s body after the lynching sparked serious national outrage, starting a civil rights movement. -
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Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a civil right protest in Montgomery, Alabama, from December 5, 1955, to December 20, 1956, during which many African Americans refused to use public buses to challenge segregation. Inspired by Rosa Parks arrest for not giving up her seat, the boycott led to the decision of segregation on public buses being declared unconstitutional. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a civil right protest in Montgomery, Alabama, from December 5, 1955, to December 20, 1956, during which many African Americans refused to use public buses to challenge segregation. Inspired by Rosa Parks arrest for not giving up her seat, the boycott led to the decision of segregation on public buses being declared unconstitutional. -
Little Rock Nine
Nine African American Students, known as the Little Rock Nine, enrolled at an all-white Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. They were met with serious resistance and required a federal intervention. It became a civil rights movement that highlighted the federal governments role in desegregation.