Coal Industry in the 1920s

  • BESCO is created

    The Nova Scotia Steel and Coal Company made an agreement with the Dominion Iron and Steel Company to become a new business. That new business was The British Empire Steel Company (BESCO). The goal was that by working together they would be a stronger business because it would make the process of making steel cheaper since that required a lot of coal which they could make themselves. When the new company began, workers were in a union and making good wages.
  • Coal Mining grows

    The growth in coal mining in 1920-1921 continued. This year 9 more coal mines opened in the province. None of the coal mines that had opened before closed in this year.
  • BESCO cuts wages

    BESCO tried to cut wages by 33%. As a result, the workers at BESCO and their union decided to go on strike and stop working. They would have off and on strikes for the next 4 years because of this. Coal mining companies were losing business because people were switching from coal to oil to heat their homes.
  • Cape Breton Coal Miners Strike

    Coal miners in Cape Breton wanted to help and support the BESCO coal miners. To do this, they decided to stop working and go on strike to show their support. This also meant that the coal mines they worked in did not make money because people could not buy BESCO coal. The police arrested the leaders of the Cape Breton Coal miners union. This ended the strike.
  • Coal mines open

    After more than 15 mines opened the previous year, 4 more coal mines opened throughout Nova Scotia and Cape Breton Island. One of the mines that opened the year before also closed.
  • More mines

    The boom in coal mining continued. Between 1924 and 1925, another 8 mines opened in Nova Scotia. Most of these were small mines and some only opened for 1 year.
  • The Poem "The Shutdown" was published

    The following poem was written by a coal miner and published in Maritime Labour Herald magazine: The mills shut down three months they say
    It may be more but anyway
    We're out of luck there'll be no pay
    Now...how about the eats The family needs this and that
    A pair of shoes, a shirt, a hat
    We've not enough to feed a cat
    And...how about the rent Thank God the company's alright
    The dividend (profit) is safe and tight
    The stockholder can sleep at night
    Tho'....we feel rather blue
  • Strike grows

    Most of the coal miners did their shopping at stores owned by BESCO. To try and stop the strike, BESCO shut all of the stores down. This led to a huge fight at Wateford Lakes, Nova Scotia. In the fight, one of the police officers who worked for BESCO killed one of the coal miners, a man named William Davis.
  • Coal Miners Strike ended

    The government of Nova Scotia stepped in to work with BESCO and the union. They came to an agreement that kept wages at the level that they were in 1922. The 1922 wages were higher than wages were in 1920.
  • Royal Commission on Coal Mining

    After the strikes, the government of Canada decided to investigate the coal mining industry. One of their decisions was to put a lot of the blame for the situation on BESCO and not the union. The government decided that BESCO was not acting in a fair way with the coal miners or the union.
  • BESCO collapses

    BESCO had been losing money throughout the 1920s. As a result, they found that they could not stay in business and still make money. This led to BESCO going out of business entirely. All of their mines were bought by the Dominion Steel and Coal Corporation.