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The February Revolution
-Russian people struggling with food shortages, inflation, and the hardships
-Unhappy with Tsar Nicholas II
-Protests led to to Tsar abdicating
-End of Romanov Dynasty -
The October Revolution
-Followed the February Revolution
-Vladimir Lenin took control of the government
-White Palace was stormed, the living place of the Tsar
-Led to Russian Civil War -
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Russian Civil War
-Red Army (Bolsheviks)/wanted communism
-White Army (Anti-Bolshevik Forces)/against communism
-The Allied forces (Britain, France, and the U.S.) aligned with the White Army
-7 to 12 million deaths
-Red Army won, leading to the formation of the USSR
-Set the stage for Joseph Stalin to become ruler -
End of World War I
-Officially ended November 11, 1918 at 11:00 am
-Germany's Guilt Clause/blamed Germany for the entire war
-Germany had to give up a lot of land
-Disarmment for Germany
-They had to pay reparations as well
-Germany and Austria could not unite
-Lots of new countries
-The league of nations was formed
-Economic restrictions for Germany -
Treaty of Versailles
Put limits on Germany:
Germany's Guilt Clause/blamed Germany for the entire war
-Germany had to give up a lot of land
-Disarmment for Germany
-They had to pay reparations as well
-Germany couldn't have a military
-Economic restrictions for Germany These left Germans feeling that it was unjust which led to ww2 -
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Stalin Rules USSR
-Rose power after Lenin's death
- created a dictatorship
-used fear to stay in power
-figure of extreme power
- took over Eastern Europe, which set the stage for the Cold War -
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Election of Roosevelt
- he was President through the Great Depression, the Dust Bowl, and World War II -Used "fireside chats" (basically a radio podcast) to communicate with Americans in a more friendly and appealing way
-he works strategically, only placing the US in the position of War when he deemed necessary, he had strong allies and used the Lend-Lease Act to help the war without being directly involved -
Period: to
Yalta Conference
-UN
-Germany post war
-soviets in japan
-soviets in eastern europe -
Period: to
Potsdam Conference
-Stalin, Truman, Churchill, ( later replaced by Clement Attlee)
-Germany's future, Berlin's decision, denazification and demilitarization
- Marked disagreements between the USSR and the US which led to the Cold War -
End of World War II
2 separate victories including
-VE day/victory in Europe
-VJ day/victory in Japan -
Winston Churchill’s Iron Curtain Speech
"Iron Curtain"-Represented divide between Soviet controlled countries and the western world
-called for stronger unity
-starting point of the cold war -
Truman Doctrine
-The US would provide support to countries who were fighting against communist power, seen in Turkey and Greece -
Period: to
Marshall Plan
-money and support to rebuild western europe
-given $13 billion ($130 billion today) -
Period: to
Berlin Blockade
-Germany divided into 4
-US, UK, USSR, and France each own one part
-USSR blocked resources to the part of Berlin the other countries owned to force them out -
Period: to
Berlin Airlift
-response to blockade in which the US and its allies flew food instead of trying to break through -
NATO Formed
12 countries
-United States, Canada, and 10 Western European nations: Belgium, France, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Denmark, Italy, Portugal, and Iceland
-defense against growing soviet union
-continues to work as a collective defense