Cold War

  • Surrender of Nazi Germany

    Surrender of Nazi Germany
    The Cold War is generally considered to have started after World War II, with the surrender of Nazi Germany in 1945, when the uneasy alliance between the United States and the Soviet Union began to crumble due to disagreements over the future of Europe
  • Berlin Blockade

    Berlin Blockade
    One of the earliest major "battles" of the Cold War was the Berlin Blockade and Airlift (1948-1949), where the Soviet Union attempted to starve West Berlin by cutting off access to the city
  • Formation of NATO

    Formation of NATO
    The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was created in 1949 by the United States, Canada, and several Western European nations to provide collective security against the Soviet Union
  • Death of Joseph Stalin

    Death of Joseph Stalin
    Joseph Stalin, second leader of the Soviet Union, died on 5 March 1953 at his Kuntsevo Dacha after suffering a stroke, at age 74
  • Warsaw Pact formed

    Warsaw Pact formed
    The Soviet Union formed this alliance as a counterbalance to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), a collective security alliance concluded between the United States, Canada and Western European nations in 1949.
  • Launch of Sputnik

    Launch of Sputnik
    On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched the earth's first artificial satellite, Sputnik I. The successful launch came as a shock to experts and citizens in the United States, who had hoped that the United States would accomplish this scientific advancement first.
  • Cuban Revolution

    Cuban Revolution
    The Cuban Revolution was the overthrow of Fulgencio Batista's regime by the 26th of July Movement and the establishment of a new Cuban government led by Fidel Castro in 1959.
  • Bay of Pigs Invasion

    Bay of Pigs Invasion
    The Bay of Pigs invasion was a failed invasion of Cuba in 1961 by Cuban exiles supported by the United States. The invasion took place on April 17, 1961, and was defeated within two days.
  • Cuban missile crisis

    Cuban missile crisis
    The U.S. discovered Soviet missiles in Cuba, leading to a tense standoff that brought the world close to nuclear war. The crisis ended when the USSR agreed to remove the missiles in exchange for the U.S. not invading Cuba and secretly removing missiles from Turkey.
  • Nuclear test ban treaty

    Nuclear test ban treaty
    The U.S., USSR, and UK signed the Partial Test Ban Treaty, prohibiting nuclear tests in the atmosphere, outer space, and underwater.
  • Gulf of Tonkin incident

    Gulf of Tonkin incident
    Alleged attacks on U.S. ships by North Vietnam led to the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, escalating U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War.
  • Prague spring

    Prague spring
    A reform movement in Czechoslovakia was crushed by Soviet-led Warsaw Pact troops.
  • Tet offensive

    Tet offensive
    Major North Vietnamese and Viet Cong attacks during the Vietnam War, impacting U.S. public opinion.
  • Nuclear Non-proliferation treaty

    Nuclear Non-proliferation treaty
    Signed by the U.S., USSR, and other countries to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons.
  • Nixon visits china

    Nixon visits china
    Marked a thaw in U.S.-China relations and influenced the Cold War balance.
  • U.S. Withdrawal from Vietnam

    U.S. Withdrawal from Vietnam
    The Paris Peace Accords led to the end of direct U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War.
  • Helsinki Accords

    Helsinki Accords
    35 countries, including the U.S. and USSR, agreed on European borders and human rights issues.
  • Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan

    Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan
    The USSR intervened in Afghanistan, leading to a decade-long conflict.
  • Reagan's "Evil Empire" Speech

    Reagan's "Evil Empire" Speech
    President Reagan took a hardline stance against the USSR.
  • End of the Soviet Union

    The USSR officially dissolved, marking the end of the Cold War.