Cromwell Protectorate

By JJH2010

  • Cromwell's Irish Campaign Begins

    Cromwell leads a brutal campaign in Ireland including the Drogheda Massacre.

  • Execution of Charles I

    Cromwell supports the King's execution, marking the end of monarchy.
  • Period: to

    Wexford Massacre

    Cromwell's forces kill hundreds of Irish Catholics, further damaging his reputation in Ireland

  • Battle of Dunbar

    Cromwell defeats Scottish forces supporting Charles II

  • Battle of Worcester

    Cromwell secures final victory over Royalists solidifying the Commonwealth

  • Dissolution of the Rump Parliament

    Cromwell forcibly dissolves the ineffective Rump Parliament

  • Nominated Assembly (Barebone's Parliament)

    Cromwell establishes a 'Godly Parliament' mainly composed of Puritans.

  • Barebone's Parliament Dissolves Itself

    Frustration with radical reforms leads to its self-dissolution

  • Cromwell Becomes Lord Protector

    Under the Instrument of Government, Cromwell accepts the role of head of state
  • Period: to

    First Protectorate parliament

    Cromwell attempts to work with Parliament, but tensions arise

  • Failure of the Western Design

    Cromwell's plan to seize Spanish colonise in the Caribbean fails.
  • Period: to

    Rule of the Major Generals

    England is divided into 11 military districts under Major Generals to enforce Puritan morality

  • First Protectorate Parliament Dissolved

    Cromwell dissolves Parliament after they challenge his authority

  • Readmission of Jews to England

    Cromwell permits the return of Jews to England after their expulsion in 1290
  • Period: to

    Second Protectorate Parliament

    This Parliament attempts to offer Cromwell the crown

  • Installation of Upper House (Lords)

    Cromwell re-establishes a 'House of Lords' under a different name

  • Humble Petition and Advice

    parliament offers Cromwell the crown which he declines but accepts a modified version to increase his power

  • Death of Oliver Cromwell

    Cromwell died, leading to political instability

  • Fall of Richard Cromwell (Cromwell's son)

    Richard lacks support and resigns as Lord Protector

  • Restoration of Charles I

    The monarchy is restored, ending Cromwellian rule