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Thomas Hobbes was a English philosopher who was notable as one of the founders of social contract theory.
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Elizabeth dies and Mary Stuart's son James I became the king of England and started the Stuart Dynasty in England
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James I dies and his son Charles I becomes king.
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Charles I signs a contract made by Parliament so that he wouldn't jail people without a good reason, make taxes without parliament's approval, or keep his soldiers in peoples’
homes & use his army to maintain order
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John Locke was an English philosopher known for his three natural laws (life, liberty, and property).
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King Charles I and his supporters declared war against parliament. This civil war lasted from 1642-1651 until parliament was victorious. After that parliament publicly executed Charles I.
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After the Civil War, a Commonwealth was created—type of government with no king & ruled by Parliament. Oliver Cromwell led the Commonwealth, but did not use democracy— he became a military dictator
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Life in the Commonwealth was harsh because it was led by Cromwell & the Puritans; Forced strict religious rules on people of England. So after Cromwell died they wanted a King again
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In 1660, Charles I’s son became King of England—Charles II was called the “Merry Monarch” because he brought back theatres, sporting events, dancing & he got along with Parliament!!
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James II fled to France when he realized he had little support from England. This peaceful transfer of power was called the Glorious Revolution of 1688.
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Parliament was worried about the next king be catholic so the encouraged William of Orange to come and take over England
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The Bill of rights establishes constitutional monarchy in England.This passage made it clear that Parliament was in control
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Candide by Voltaire was published
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After Napoleon had been defeated France decided to go back to Kings. So they crowned Louis XVII, who soon died so they crowned Charles X. Charles X become king and ruled from 1824 to 1830.
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James’s cook and a ship full of prisoners are sent to Australia to claim it for Britain.
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While at the university of Glasgow James Watt got the opportunity to modify his steam engine, By doing this his steam engine was made more efficient and reliable.
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Wealth of Nations by. Adam Smith was published.
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Amazing Grace was a inspirational hymn written by John Newton who had his life changed while aboard a slave ship that was going to be torn apart in a drastic storm. His sins were forgiven and he never involved in slavery again. He promoted freedom for all.
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The three estates were brought together to discuss issues within France. This ended up with the third estate being under the impression that their vote wouldn’t count as two, but then found out when they got there that their vote wouldn’t count for more the name one.
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The storming of Bastille was when the third estate rushed the fort of Bastille in Paris France that had once been a prison. Once taken, they let out the few prisoners that had still been held captive.
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Woman were mad with the bread prices so the went and stormed the Palace of Versailles where the king had been.
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The cotton gin made it super easy for cotton to be seedless. By just putting some cotton in the cotton gin it would pull out all the seeds. The cotton gin was modified by Eli Whitney in 1798 to make it more efficient.
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The king Louis is executed.
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Marie Antoinette, King Louis XVI’s wife was excuted and charged for treason.
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Napolean takes the crown from the pope and puts it on his head making him the new leader of France.
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Napolean escape the island of Elba to take control for the last time. He is soon defeated, this period is known as the one hundred day period.
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Napolean is defeated at the battle of Waterloo and exiled to an island off of Africa called Saint Helena.
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At just 18 years of age Victoria becomes the Queen of England and the Victorian period starts.
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The Indian custom Sati was banned. Which is the practice of Hindu widows throwing themselves on husbands’ funeral fires
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The Greek revolution ended with the signing of the Treaty of Constantinople which gave the Greek people their freedom from the Ottoman empire.
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This act abolished slavery for good in England. This agreement was highly promoted by people like William Wilberforce, Olaudah Equiano, and John Newton.
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Samuel Morse is not the created of the telegraph but is responsible for making lots of improvements to it and even make the electric telegraph. His main accomplishment though is Morse code which is a language that blind people can use to communicate with.
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Queen Victoria marries Prince Albert.
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The treaty that ended the opium wars. This treaty was incredibly unfair in the fact that the China had to give Hong Kong to Britain, let christian missionaries into the country, open up trade to the rest of the world, and to legalize opium.
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The potatoes in Ireland’s catch an air born disease that ends up kill tons of Irish people. Britain does nothing to support the Irish which causes lots of them to leave Ireland.
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It is debatable whether or not Alexander Graham Bell is the true creator of the phone but he is the most widely known for created the first practical phone.
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Although Elias Howe is the original inventor of the sewing machine Isaac Singer is the won who improved it and marketed it in 1851.
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On March 31, 1854, the Convention of Kanagawa or Kanagawa Treaty was the first treaty between the United States and the Tokugawa shogunate. Signed under threat of force, it effectively meant the end of Japan's 220-year-old policy of national seclusion by opening the ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to American vessels.
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When Queen Victoria’s husband die she began the mourning process. She always wore black, uncomfortable dresses. Even though her husband had died she still made sure that the her servants set out a pair of her husbands clothes every morning.
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1869, Suez Canal influenced Britain’s interest in Egypt. The Canal linked the Mediterranean with the Red Sea, this shortened trips from Europe to Indian Ocean; no need to sail around southern tip of Africa
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The modern typewriter was created by Christopher L. Shole in 1873. His Sholes & Glidden Type Writer introduced consumers to the QWERTY keyboard, which is still the standard keyboard arrangement on personal computers today.
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Alexander Graham Bell invented the “electric speech machine,” or telephone, in 1876. The telephone quickly revolutionized the way people communicated both at work and with friends.
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Louis Pasteur made significant contributions to human health with his germ theory of disease along with his vaccines for rabies and anthrax.
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In 1884–1885, European leaders met in Berlin to discuss regulating European colonization and trade in Africa. This established the "rules" for conquest in Africa.
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On October 17, 1888, Thomas Edison submitted to the United States Patent and Trademark Office his ideas for a motion picture device that would record and produce objects in motion. He called his invention the “Kinetoscope."
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Queen Victoria dies of old age
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The Boxer Rebellion formally ended with the signing of the Boxer Protocol on September 7, 1901. By terms of the agreement, forts protecting Beijing were to be destroyed, Boxer and Chinese government officials involved in the uprising were to be punished, foreign legations were permitted to station troops in Beijing for their defense, China was prohibited from importing arms for two years and it agreed to pay more than $330 million in reparations to the foreign nations involved.
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The Treaty of Portsmouth formally ended the 1904–05 Russo-Japanese War. It was signed on September 5, 1905 after negotiations lasting from August 6 to August 30, at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery, Maine, United States.
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The archdukes’ assination caused an uproar among Austria neighboring countries.
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After finding out about the Zimmerman telegram and the sinking of the Lusitania America declares war on Germany.
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Lenin rises to full power after the Bolsheviks take control in the second Russian revolution. From then on they are a communist country until 1993
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After being held hostage by the bolsheviks and going house to house the Czar Nicholas and family are executed
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The allies sign a treaty with Germany. This treaty ends all war on land.
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The treaty of Versailles officially ended World War I
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The Beer Hall Putsch of November 1923, or the Munich Putsch, was Hitler’s attempt to overthrow the Weimar government of Ebert and establish a right wing nationalistic one in its place.
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Adolf Hitler is named chancellor of Germany. Hitler’s emergence as chancellor on January 30, 1933, marked a crucial turning point for Germany and, ultimately, for the world.
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The Reichstag fire was an arson attack on the Reichstag building, home of the German parliament in Berlin, on Monday 27 February 1933, precisely four weeks after Adolf Hitler was sworn in as Chancellor of Germany.
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March 22, 1933 the Nazis open 4 concentration camps: Dachau, Buchenwald, Sachsenhausen, and Ravensbruck for women.
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The nazi party takes back part of Germany known as the Rhineland that was occupied by allied forces.
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The occasion of concerted violence by Nazis throughout Germany and Austria against Jews and their property on the night of November 9–10, 1938.
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World War Two starts with Germany invading Poland.
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The Dunkirk evacuation, code-named Operation Dynamo, also known as the Miracle of Dunkirk, was the evacuation of Allied soldiers during World War II from the beaches and harbour of Dunkirk, in the north of France, between 26 May and 4 June 1940.
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As Soviet troops approached Auschwitz in January 1945, most of its population was sent west on a death march. The prisoners remaining at the camp were liberated on 27 January 1945, a day now commemorated as International Holocaust Remembrance Day.
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Victory in Europe Day, generally known as VE Day (Great Britain) or V-E Day (North America), is a day celebrating the formal acceptance by the Allies of World War II of Nazi Germany 's unconditional surrender of its armed forces on the 8 May 1945.
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Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia due to growing tension.
