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Period: 1272 to
Bourbon Family Line
The Bourbon Family would rise from a noble protestant family to the ruling family in France, until a gradual loss of power and eventual dissolution. -
Period: 1438 to
Hapsburg Family Dynasty sits on Holy Roman Empires Throne
The influential Hapsburg family would be the dominant ruling family in the Holy Roman Empire and eventually Spain during this time. -
Jul 22, 1461
Reign of Louis XI Begins
Louis XI, also called "the spider king", would subsidize French nobles through taxation and clever spy work. -
Period: Jul 22, 1461 to Aug 30, 1483
Reign of Louis XI
Louis XI, who would become known as the "Spider King", would become known for his political savvy as he reduced the powers of nobles with thorough taxation and cunning spywork. -
Jan 22, 1479
Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella Begins
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Period: Jan 22, 1479 to Jan 23, 1516
Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella
Ferdinand and Isabella, fierce Catholics, would become known for their brutal tactics against the Moors, and their eventual conquest of the Iberian Peninsula. -
Period: 1485 to
Tudor Dynasty
Henry VII would begin the Tudor Dynasty, which ended with the death of the heirless Elizabeth in 1603. -
Aug 22, 1485
Reign of Henry VII Begins
Henry VII, the first Tudor, would end civil war in England and greatly reduce noble power with taxation and secret torture. -
Period: Aug 22, 1485 to Nov 29, 1509
Reign of Henry VII
Henry VII, the first Tudor king, would become known for ending the War of the Roses and reducing the power of nobles with his intimidating Court of Star Chamber and taxation. He would also begin the age of English exploration. -
Jun 16, 1487
War of the Roses Ends
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Period: Jun 28, 1491 to Jan 28, 1547
Reign of Henry VIII
Henry VIII would inherit the throne from his father in 1491, after he came of age. Henry would become known for treating his word as law, as he executed those disloyal to his influential Anglican Church. He would reduce the power of Catholicism in England and usher in Anglican dominance in Britain. -
1492
Reconquista Ends
Ferdinand and Isabella seize Grenada, ending Moorish influence in Spain. -
Jun 28, 1519
Reign of Charles V Begins
Charles V of the Hapsburg empire, also known as Charles I of Spain, would take the crown of Spain, the Netherlands, and the Holy Roman Empire on June 28th, 1519. -
Period: Jun 28, 1519 to Aug 27, 1556
Reign of Charles V and Charles I of Spain
During his reign, Charles, a fierce Catholic, would fight Protestantism and Ottoman Turks as he fought to keep his kingdom under relative control, a true emperor at heart. He was mostly successful in this, however, his kingdoms would be weakened when his son and brother divided his empire. -
Mar 31, 1547
Reign of Henry II Begins
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1553
Reign of Mary Tudor Begins
Mary I's strong attitude against Protestantism would cause religious disarray in England, and would lead to Spain turning its attention on England. -
Period: 1553 to Nov 17, 1558
Reign of Mary Tudor
Mary, a fierce Catholic, would be relentless in her Crusade against Protestant Anglicanism, as she attempted to restore an English link to Catholic Spain. -
Dec 16, 1553
Cromwell Military Rule Begins
Oliver Cromwell's short but harsh military rule would begin in 1653. -
Period: Dec 16, 1553 to Sep 3, 1558
Commonwealth of England under Cromwell
Cromwell would rule England under a military dictatorship in which he would enforce strict Puritan doctrines and stamp out rebellion on Ireland. -
Jan 16, 1556
Phillip II's reign begins
King Phillip II of Spain would take the throne left by his father, Charles, in 1556, and would soon lose control of his flourishing empire. -
Period: Jan 16, 1556 to
Reign of Phillip II
Phillip II's reign would see him take part in war in the Netherlands, in which he was defeated by the United Provinces, a failed invasion of England, and inflation resulting from spoils of the New World. -
Nov 17, 1558
Reign of Elizabeth I Begins
Elizabeth I's rule would be one of the most successful in English history, as she gave way to religious toleration, saw expansionist and economic successes, and repelled a large Spanish invasion. -
Period: Nov 17, 1558 to
Reign of Elizabeth I
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Period: 1568 to
Rebellion of the Netherlands
Dutch Rebellion against the dominance of Spain, and the union of the Northern Provinces of The Netherlands against Hapsburg Rule. Led to Dutch unification and exploration. -
Aug 24, 1572
St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
This massacre, following the orders of Queen Regent Catherine D'Medici, would see the organized murder of thousands of Huguenots. -
Defeat of the Spanish Armada
Phillip II's grand armada was embarrassingly defeated by a smaller English navy, and would be forced to retreat to Spain. -
End of the War of the Three Henrys
This French Civil War, which saw combat between the Bourbon and Valois family would end in a Bourbon-Protestant victory and Henry of Navarre's ascension to the French throne. -
Edict of Nantes
Signed by Henry IV Bourbon, this granted Huguenots civil rights and was an attempt for equality among both religions. -
Tudor Dynasty Ends
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Period: to
Stuart Dynasty
Following the death of the heirless Elizabeth I, the Scottish Stewarts would assume England's throne. -
Reign of Louis XIII Begins
Louis XIII would pave the way for Absolutism in France, as he and Cardinal Richelieu began the subsidizing of nobles. -
Period: to
Reign of Louis XIII
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Reign of Charles I begins
Charles's unpopular rule would begin in 1625. -
Period: to
Reign of Charles I
The reign of Charles I would be spotted with popular disapproval and end with his beheading following the English Civil War. -
Reign of Louis XIV
The "Sun king" would see France at its height of militaristic, expansionist, and economic power as he, Richelieu, and his economic advisor, Sully, dominated Europe under Absolutist France. -
Period: to
Reign of Louis XIV
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Period: to
English Civil War
Cromwell achieves victory over Charles I and his Cavaliers. -
Reign of Charles II Begins
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Period: to
Reign of Charles II
Charles II would normalize the English monarchy following the dictatorship of Cromwell. -
Rule of James II begins
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Period: to
War of Spanish Succession
A war fought between France and several other European powers over the idea of French Dominance of Europe.
