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1400
Sailing South
The Europeans sail south, they travel around the continent of Africa. They want to reach the wealth of silks and spices that are found in India and China. -
1500
Exchanging
The European traders began trading African guns and European goods for the exchange of slaves. -
Wanting to Gain Control
Europeans wanted to take over Africa because of the many resources that they provided. They also had important trade routes that the Europeans wanted to control. -
Still Wanting to Gain Power
Britain began to seizing Egypt to gain the control of the Suez Canal. The Suez Canal was a man-made waterway that connected the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea. -
Inspired
People became inspired by the events of World War II. The African people began to rebel against the colonization. -
South Africa
South Africa was granted independence from Great Britain. There are more African American people in Africa but the white people controlled the government and businesses. -
The Kikuyu People of Kenya
The Kikuyu people of Kenya started a political organization. This was for the fight to freedom of Great Britain. It took many years but Kenya became independent. Jomo Kenyatta became the independent Kenya’s first leader. -
Uncolonized
After Europe had nearly taken over all of Africa. Ethiopia was the only country to remain uncolonized. Italy did invade the country later. -
Worst of the Colonies
The Belgium Congo was the worst of the colonies that was established by the Europeans. Almost all the Africans suffered under the colonial rule as their land was being taken. They were forced to work for very little or no pay at all. -
Rebelling Against the Colonization
Many people were inspired the by events of World War II and the Africans began to rebel against the Colonization. -
Pan-Africanism
Kwame Nkrumahk brought up the idea for Pan-Africanism. Pan-Africanism was a belief in the unity of all Black Africans worldwide. -
Whites in Charge
The white South Africans make an apartheid law. Apartheid is a policy of legal separation based on race. Black South Africans were forced to live and work where the whites told them to because that was the law. -
Apartheid
Life was very segregated. The black people had to do whatever the white people demanded of them. Blacks could not marry whites and they received very poor health care and schooling. They also had no say in government. Life was very unfair. -
Sudan
Sudan gained independence from Great Britain just like South Africa did. In the northern part of the country a lot of the people were Muslim Arabs. In the southern part not many were not Arab. Christianity was most common in the south. -
Gaining Independence
Ghana gains independence. Jomo Kenyatta in Kenya and Nnamdi Azikiwe in Nigeria were inspired by Pan-Africanism. They began to fight for freedom. -
Life Still isn’t Perfect
After a long and fierce struggle against the British, Nigeria became independent. The colonized countries had been economically devastated. The Europeans had made life more difficult because they had drawn country lines. As they were doing thing they had no regard of other people. During this Belgium Congo became independent also. -
Nigeria
Nigeria became independent after the fierce struggles that they faced against the British. -
Rwanda
They gained independence. Soon after violence broke out and the Hutu took control. -
Independence
It multiple years for Kenya to become independent but they finally got there. Jomo Kenyatta was the first leader in Kenya. -
Nelson Mandela
He was arrested and was sentenced to life in prison because of his actions. He kept on talking and protesting from the prison. -
Joseph Mobutu Seized Power
Joseph Mobutu seized power. He had ruled Zaire for 32 year. Which Zaire was the name he came up with during the renaming of the country. -
Taking Action
The Igbo people tried to become independent. They named the new country Biafra. This launched a civil war and over one million people died before the the Igbo agreed to stay part of Nigeria. -
Things Start to Change
F.W. De Klerk was elected president of South Africa at the time the apartheid was going on. He did not want it to continue any longer. He finally announced the end of it and released Mandela from prison. Both of them were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their work during the ending of the apartheid. -
The End of Apartheid
F.W. de Klerk announced that it was the end of Apartheid. -
Prizes Awarded
Mandela and Klerk were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for ending the apartheid. They ended it together. -
Beginning to Engage
Hutu began to engage against the Tutsi people. They murdered between 800,000 to 1 million Tutsi people were murdered. The Tutsi did end up coming back into power and restored peace. -
Beginning to Agitate
The Tunisia people began to to agitate for a more democratic government. This became know as the Arab Spring. -
South Sudan
Sudan recognized them for becoming independent. The government backed up the herders and didn’t do any thing about the terrible acts that were going on. It was very violent, about 300,000 people had to leave their homes. Between 100,000 and 400,000 people were murdered. -
Led by Mohammed Morsi
Mohammed Morsi led an Islamic fundamentalist government. Mubarak was replaced by Mohammed Morsi. -
Morsi’s Short Term
He was overthrown by the military. He had to go to prison and his political party was banned.