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10,000 BCE
Archery
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Period: 6000 BCE to 1000 BCE
Ancient Era
From the first stirrings of life beneath water... to the great beasts of the Stone Age... to man taking his first upright steps, you have come far. Now begins your greatest quest: from this early cradle of civilization on towards the stars. -
5500 BCE
Sailing
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5000 BCE
Irrigation
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5000 BCE
Irrigation
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4500 BCE
Bronze Working
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4000 BCE
Wheel
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4000 BCE
Animal Husbandry
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4000 BCE
Horseback Riding
In the Middle Ages, on the other hand, armored knights on horseback dominated European warfare. In fact, horse archers were the most common type of cavalry in Central Asia for thousands of years. Arabs spread Islam throughout the Middle East, North Africa, India and Europe on their magnificent horses. Horseback riding has shaped history in the truest sense of the word. Horseback riding was brought back to North America by European explorers and conquistadors from Columbus' 1493 voyage. -
2600 BCE
Writing
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2600 BCE
Writing
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2600 BCE
Masonry
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2500 BCE
Pottery
Pottery -
2500 BCE
Mining
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2500 BCE
Shipbuilding
Archaeological evidence shows that humans traveled from Asia to Kalimantan on ships built 120,000 years ago. Later, they arrived in New Guinea and Australia around 50,000 years ago. When the Europeans began to conquer the world, the Age of Discovery required new methods of shipbuilding. Shipyards become large industrial centers (like the munitions in Venice) capable of producing ships of standard designs (like shipyards) in weeks or even days. -
1500 BCE
Construction
Ancient civilizations were sometimes built with wood, but mostly with mud brick and stone. Without the stone or brick structure, which has the shape of a pyramid, it is impossible to build the highest structures from these materials. Although the Romans did not develop new building materials - if you ignore the invention of concrete - they revolutionized architecture in terms of design and tools. -
1000 BCE
Engineering
Engineering is the science (perhaps "art" if engineers are involved in the discussion) of applying science to the design of buildings, roads, bridges, machinery, and other useful objects. -
Period: 1000 BCE to 500
Classical Era
From humble beginnings, you have shown remarkable growth. Leave your bronze for iron and rule with horse and sword. The sky above begins to reveal its secrets, a collection of heaven that uplifts our hearts and guides us to foreign shores. -
999 BCE
Celestial Navigation
Celestial navigation (or celestial navigation, more of a science than an art) is the act of measuring the angle between a celestial body (the sun, moon, planet, or star) and a point on the horizon. to determine one's place on earth. In medieval Europe, celestial navigation was one of the seven mechanical arts, and the first marine astrolabes were used by Muslim traders in the Mediterranean. -
999 BCE
Currency
Currency represents the real value of something that is relatively worthless on its own and has been around since about 2000 BC. The Curse of Civilization occurred in 400 B.C., when receipts were used to prove ownership of grain stored in Sumerian temples. However, around 1100 BC, the trading economy of Mesopotamia and the Mediterranean collapsed. BC revealed the flaws in this concept of monetary circulation. -
600 BCE
Iron Working
The use of iron dates back to 4000 BC, but the Hittites, who mined the ore, smelted it and made weapons, began the Iron Age around 1200 BC. In Asia, steelmaking developed at the same time. Chinese iron artifacts from 600 BC have been excavated. Instead, cast iron is made by melting it and pouring it into molds. The Chinese were the first to build the columns and bars that support pagodas and other tall buildings. -
300 BCE
Mathematics
Others believe that mathematics is an art itself, focusing on space, structure, relationships, perspective, and proportions. Whether it's art or science, almost everything today has its roots in mathematics. Between 600 and 300 BC, the Greeks began to study mathematics systematically, dividing it into two parts: arithmetic and geometry (the understanding of shape and area). -
300 BCE
Stirrups
Along with drawing, spraying and pre-slicing the bread, stirrup is considered one of the most important spreading practices in the world. The seat, built around 800 BC, solved the last problem. The idea of stirrups was quickly appreciated by the barbarian horsemen of Central Asia who saw the benefits. A Kushan sculpture made 100 years later shows a rider with ground stirrups. Meanwhile, European horsemen had to live without stirrups until the Avars appeared in Eurasia in the 8th century. -
200
Cartography
Around the 4th century BC, the Greeks and Romans developed maps that were more portable. For three centuries, his work remained the most accurate and comprehensive atlas. -
420
Education
During the Middle Kingdom, Egyptian scholars established schools to teach reading and writing, mathematics, history, science, medicine, astrology, and, of course, religion. In Greece, private universities appeared to teach elite classes, such as the first European institution of "higher education" founded by Plato in Athens. Farther to the east, Confucius in China began a program of establishing schools to teach his philosophy and basic skills such as reading, mathematics, and music. -
Period: 500 to 1350
Medieval Era
You have built great cities of stone and seen early empires rise and fall. Soon you will stand under the towering pinnacles of castles alongside your gallant knights. That is where the story of your people will be written. Just as the young apprentice learns to carry a sword, so shall you grow to understand your place in this world. -
970
Military Engineering
With the development of gunpowder, military engineers became very capable of building defenses against artillery (one of the earliest innovations: earthen walls worked better than stone walls because shells rattle and sink to the ground), and the idea of making guns. . get close to the city to be effective. In the British Army, miners dug tunnels under enemy walls to place explosives... -
1000
Printing
The pecia system, developed in Italian universities in the early 13th century, gave booksellers a way to produce multiple copies of a single book in a short period of time. In the 1400s, improvements in education and literacy accelerated to make the written word the "Holy Grail" of European booksellers. In China, movable type, where each word can be placed on a tray and printed with ink on paper, was created by Bi Sheng in porcelain in AD 1040. C., but it is weak and the high price. -
1000
Castles
Large cairns, some of which are still (more or less) intact, dominate various European landscapes, castles dating back to the early 10th century AD. when the feudal lords tried to secure their power and influence. But instead of romantic visions of noble knights, damsels in distress, grand feasts, and driving savages from the ditch, castles served the ultimate utilitarian function in feudal society—the execution of the lord's will over the land. -
1240
Gunpowder
The invention of gunpowder is often attributed to Chinese inventors in the Tang Dynasty and is known as one of the Four Great Chinese Inventions. The first recorded example of sulfur, carbon, and potassium nitrate, which appeared at the end of the Song of Songs, was believed to be an elixir of immortality. Although the Mongols used gunpowder to intimidate the Europeans they encountered, the Arabs developed better weapons, better salt, and more weapons of war between 1240 and 1280 of our era—guns -
1300
Ballistics
The science of these dynamics is called "ballistics." The first ball weapons were sticks, stones and spears. The movements, actions and effects of bullets, shells, bombs, rockets and the like have attracted the attention of military and law enforcement agencies around the world. -
1350
Machinery
Along with drawing, spraying and pre-slicing the bread, stirrup is considered one of the most important spreading practices in the world. The seat, built around 800 BC, solved the last problem. The idea of stirrups was quickly appreciated by the barbarian horsemen of Central Asia who saw the benefits. A Kushan sculpture made 100 years later shows a rider with ground stirrups. Meanwhile, European horsemen had to live without stirrups until the Avars appeared in Eurasia in the 8th century. -
Period: 1350 to
Renaissance Era
New powers call forth, from the barrel of muskets to flowers of fire in the sky. Even the quiet words on newly printed pages hold great changes within. The world, once so vast and mysterious, has grown smaller and more familiar. Yet, there are always questions to be answered, faiths to be tested, and national identities to be formed. -
1450
Metal Casting
The first production of iron occurred between 800-700 BC. BC occurred in China; In 233 BC, the Chinese made sand molds. Plows made of cast iron from BC. As the Chinese soon discovered, cast iron was also suitable for making arrows, spears, and cannonballs. Historically, sand and clay were the most common mold making materials. -
1450
Square Rigging
For the next three centuries, maritime history was dominated by ever-larger square-rigged ships, carrying Europeans on their way to the Americas and Africa, plundering the riches of the Far East, and fighting each other. -
1470
Banking
There used to be "banks" (Hammurabi laid down the banking laws in his famous code), but they were mostly individuals who made loans using various dubious methods to guarantee payment. In the 14th century, greedy and clever people from families like the Bardi, de Medici, Peruzzi and Gondi attacked their cities in Florence, Genoa, Venice, Siena, Rome and Italy. the country -
Steam Power
The move to a working steam engine began a century later when Edward Somerset published a collection of his "ideas", including a steam pump, a working model of which he built at Raglan Castle. In 1680, Huygens published a memoir describing an engine driven by pistons. In 1698 Thomas Savery built a virtual copy of Somerset's machine. Seven years later, he worked with the ill-fated Savery to install the first commercial steam engine to pump water from the mines. -
Rifling
Although it is difficult to determine who first came up with the idea, in the late 15th century in Augsburg, several gunsmiths began to draw musket barrels. August Kotter in Nuremberg perfected the design around 1520 AD. -
Period: to
Industrial Era
The steady hum of machinery, the acrid smell of smoke, vision clouded by ash and soot - these are the signs of changing times. The lure of scientific and cultural advancement is the engine driving your realm forward. Now your challenge is to maintain the delicate balance between earth and man, between peace and war. -
Economics
In the Middle Ages, Thomas Aquinas and Duns Scotus debated the concept of "just wages," and the Muslim scholar Ibn Khaldun claimed that economic thought was well understood until the time of Adam. Smith. private practice, and the financial life cycle of the world. In his book, Smith argues that the free market is the best way to allocate value and distribute goods and services. -
Industrialization
The Industrial Revolution, which began in Europe in the 18th century, brought unexpected changes to people's daily lives, both good and bad. People moved to cities where factories and transportation were concentrated. -
Mass Production
Until the Industrial Revolution, the concept of "mass production" was limited to the production of tapestry of clay , Chinese bows and cross-pieces, and books. But in the Renaissance, Venice began to build ships in its famous wealth to maintain control of the Mediterranean, using prefabricated parts and assembly lines that did not match the three century of work. While people were happy to pay high prices for mass-produced goods of the same quality, now handmade goods are on the rise. -
Astronomy
But it wasn’t until the early 1900s that astronomers discovered that our galaxy system is part of the Milky Way, and that there are thousands of other galaxies moving among it. -
Sanitation
Roman aqueducts and buildings were better, with stone and wooden canals—Rome's famous great cloaca, which emptied into the Tiber—carrying waste to the civilized population. In 1596, Sir John Harrington published his book A New Treatise on an Antiquated Subject, in which he described the origins of the new toilets he had installed in his home, including flues, fountains, and how to clean the floors. Use this board. -
Petroleum Refining
Thermal cracking (and later catalytic cracking) processes for heavy oil refining led to increased yields of gasoline, kerosene, and light industrial fuel as well as fuel quality. -
Chemistry
The western roots of freshness come from Greece and Egypt. There, Zosimos of Panopolis claimed that ancient philosophers had found a way to transmute one metal into another (turning lead into gold, the "Holy Grail" for physicians). The work was later published by Jan van Helmont in 1648 AD. is an important bridge between alchemy and chemistry, and the English scientist Robert W. Robert published 『The Skeptical Chymist』 in 1661, which is a cornerstone of modern chemistry. Boyle. -
Combustion
But when designers in different countries began to test the basic internal combustion engine and develop modifications, things started to change. In 1879, Carl Benz received a patent for a two-stroke gas engine; A few years later, he developed a four-stroke engine and installed it in his "cars", which he put into production in 1886. -
Electricity
Around 600 B.C., Thales of Miletus discovered that coating an amber rod with cat hair produced static electricity (but he did not investigate what cats thought of this). Franklin did not act on his discovery, but it led others to search for other sources of electricity. Alessandro Volta invented the battery, a more reliable source of electricity than cats. -
Period: to
Modern Era
In the beginning, legends of flying men soared. And today, you are on the brink of transforming those legends into a reality. With flight and new forms of communication you can create a small and intimate world. But at what cost? Our competing ideas of how to govern and how to live threaten to bring conflict on a global scale. You must choose your own path through this rising din of ideological oratory. -
Radio
But it took an unknown Italian inventor named Guglielmo Marconi to build the first fully successful wireless telegraph… Two years later, on his way to becoming a millionaire, Marconi opened the first radio business in Chelmsford, England. -
Flight
Since ancient times, there have been stories (some of which are true) of people building wings or other devices and trying to fly, often by jumping from great heights (many of which failed miserably). In 1804, Englishman George Cayley flew a powered airplane, and in 1853 a complete prototype was built to carry pilots on its first flight. -
Advanced Flight
Meanwhile, around the same time in 1944, the British launched the Gloster Meteor turbojet, the only Allied aircraft of the war, to strike the V-1 flying bomb. The United States Air Force introduced the world's first fighter jet, the B-45 Tornado, in 1948. -
Plastics
After World War I, radical advances in chemistry (the production of poisonous gases and explosives) led to an explosion of new forms of plastic. Polyvinyl chloride (or PVC), a hard and durable plastic, was produced commercially by various companies in the 1920s. -
Rocketry
Meanwhile, German scientists were also developing their own rocket designs - to bomb the enemy, of course. The end of the war saw the two superpowers "assimilate" many of Peenemünde's leading German rocket scientists, most notably the acquisition of Wernher von Braun by the United States, and the start of the "Space Race." caused it. -
Period: to
Atomic Era
New frontiers of discovery expand our understanding, from the tiny atom to the majesty of outer space. Mysteries long tolerated are closer than ever to revealing their deepest secrets, beyond what we can easily see. You will choose how to use this knowledge, and push back the greatest darkness we have yet faced. -
Computers
The "differential comparator" is an analog computer first invented by Lord Kelvin in 1876 and by the 1920s it was developed by Vannevar Bush and other differential detectors. But many people think of a computer as a tool that works well and does a variety of tasks, not just math. -
Replaceable Parts
t would be many years before Eli Terry finally mass-produced anything other than a gun off the American production lines in 1814 AD. A column with a scrolling clock. In the mid-19th century, some watch and sewing machine manufacturers began using interchangeable parts. -
Telecommunications
Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and geostationary satellites now broadcast radio, television and telephone signals around the world. Culturally, the advent of satellite communications increased public access to cultural symbols and memes from distant nations. The world of a human culture may be just around the corner. -
Satellites
Months after poor Laika entered orbit, the United States launched Explorer 1 to orbit the Earth. When the United States developed its satellite dish, the Soviet Union sent people into space On April 12 1961 Yuri Gagarin became the first person to orbit the Earth using the Vostok 1 satellite. Since the launch of the first satellite in 1998, scientists from different countries worked on the International Space Station, the largest satellite in orbit to date; orbits the earth every 92.69 minutes. -
Nuclear Fission
n physics and chemistry, fission is natural or other decay in which an atomic nucleus splits into lighter nuclei, releasing neutrons and photons, and thus energy. If a chain fires up, there are free neutrons and photons that split other surrounding nuclei, releasing a huge amount of energy. Thus, in 1954, the world's first nuclear reactor was started in Obninsk, Soviet Union, and soon after, at Calder Hall, England. -
Nuclear Fusion
During World War II, research into the development of nuclear bombs led to research into nuclear fusion. Instead, weapons engineers began building the first man-made bomb, the Ivey Mike bomb, the first nuclear bomb, which was tested on Eniwetak Island in 1952. -
Synthetic Materials
Five years later, three British chemists created a synthetic material called viscose, which was renamed rayon in 1924. Then came nylon from Wallace Carothers, working he was at the DuPont Chemical Company. Synthetic polymers do not produce natural fibers; Chemists encounter many synthetic materials in their company and university laboratories. -
Lasers
The word "laser" is an abbreviation of "stimulated light synthesis", which accurately describes its essence. Since the beginning of laser research, many special types of lasers have been developed that are better for high output, output power, or use different wavelengths. -
Composites
The Romans invented concrete, another ingredient they used in construction. Around 3400 B.C., the Mesopotamians invented plywood, which glued thin sheets of different woods together to make them strong and durable. In the mid-1990s, composite materials dominated construction. -
Steel
Steel production started in 1855 AD. The origin of Henry Bessemer begins 100 years after Benjamin Huntsman established the first steelworks, when Henry Bessemer perfected the process using pig iron as a base to reduce the cost of "soft" (or "low carbon") steel. in Sheffield, England: an improvement over the traditional "junk", but not a huge improvement. -
Period: to
Information Era
A world of information rests in the palm of your hand, and networks for instantaneous communication span the globe. Yet a unified vision of our future has never been built. We compete in technology, culture, and politics. We have deadly weapons that could destroy our planet. Lead us carefully, but boldly, and build a global community that can stand for years to come. -
Stealth Technology
However, the German U-480 was covered with anechoic rubber tiles to absorb active sonar waves and was the world's first true stealth submarine. The Germans also developed the Horten Ho 229 fighter-bomber, which used carbon powder in the adhesive to absorb radar waves, as well as other contrivances that made radar waves "invisible." There is no doubt that new stealth aircraft, and even ships and ground vehicles, exist, but these are not yet known to the public (or others if the technology works). -
Robotics
The French painter and artist Jacques de Vaucanson invented a mechanical in 1738 that could eat, wipe its wings and come out - the "digestive duck"; interestingly, he also built a machine, which may be The first commercial "automatic machine." So long before ABB Robotics launched the world's first computer-controlled robot in Sweden in 1974, "robots". -
Nanotechnology
Small machines create new materials at the molecular level. In March 2011, the Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies identified approximately 1,300 nanotechnology products, with three to four new applications becoming available each week. -
Period: to
Future Era
The world contains marvels beyond the dreams of ancient prophets, and terrors more fearsome than any apocalypse. Machines search for meaning and new matter weaves dream-like forms. Choices made long ago bear grave consequences in this age and demand resolute answers. Go now, and achieve your vision for the future of civilization. -
Smart Materials
It can be compared to brick, which is solid when used as a building material, but flat and flexible for easy storage and transportation. The term "programmable materials" is used to describe hypothetical materials that can be given a property by command, and represents the holy grail of smart materials research projects. -
Advanced AI
As artificial intelligence continues to improve and can be applied to other problems, solution algorithms are often referred to as "black boxes" - they are only relevant to artificial intelligence and have no impact on People's interest in model output. -
Offworld Missions
If humans can escape to live on Earth we must develop the ability to live in isolation on a planet. In other words, simple problems like growing food, finding enough water, and not flying home to buy spare parts. The ways to live a sustainable life offworld are only at the beginning of the 21st century. As people develop the ability to live off our planet, we hope that these lessons will be sent back to us on earth so that we can better use and protect them. resources we have future generations. -
Advanced Power Cells
The first true solid-state device for power generation was developed by Italian inventor Alessandro Volta in 1800. Since then, countless improvements have been made to Volta's electrochemical cell design, and the digital revolution has increased investment and interest in developing battery technology. Anything without a working battery will be an expensive failure. -
Cybernetics
One of the earliest projects of scientists in the cybernetics program was an interest in developing more effective prosthetic limbs, so in popular culture the term "cybernetics" became synonymous with the replacement of organic physiology with artificial physiology. It became a word. The cybernetics course had a distinctly reductionist, machine-metaphoric tone. -
Predictive Systems
There is some cultural discomfort with the growing scope of this type of predictive analytics, in part because AI-generated models are often opaque (data comes in, recommendations come out, the calculations between them only make sense to the AI) and because part of the Analysis looks at traditional notions of privacy in those cultures that value privacy.