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(Actual date unknown) Rome falls due to many different factors. These included taxes, unemployment, and general apathy of the people.
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(Exact Dates Unknown) After Fall of Rome, almost 1000 years of rediscovery took place, leading up to the Renaissance.
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(Exact dates unknown, sometime between 700 and 1000) the only known manuscript of Beowulf, an epic poem that forms the basis of modern writing is believed to have been written around this time
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William the Conquerer, a French noble defeated King Harold of England at the Battle of Hastings, securing him as England's next ruler
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(Exact date unknown) Thomas Aquinas integrated Aristotle into the Catholic doctrine, allowing for the Renaissance to emerge almost 200 years later.
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(Exact date unknown) Geoffery Chaucer was a prominent English author known for The Canterbury Tales
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(Exact dates unknown) the deadly black plague eliminates 1/3 of the people in Europe
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(Exact year and date unknown) The epic poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, which chronicles the knight Gawain's quest to survive the Green Knight's challenge, was likely some kind of religious metaphor
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(Exact Date Unknown) Early Renaissance artist Jan Van Eyck born
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(Exact date unknown) Contest to design Florence Cathedral Doors spurs revolution in art now known as the Renaissance, an era where the classical ideals returned to prominence
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(Exact date and year unknown) The Iroquois were made up of the Mohawk, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Onedia and Tusaarora tribes and remained an established power in the region until the late 1700s
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Brilliant Inventor, Artist, Scientist, Architect and Engineer Leonardo Da Vinci was born
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(Exact Dates Unknown) The Early modern period was an important time for civilization, new discoveries and new technology erupted and formed the basis for modern society
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Albrecht Durer was a German Renaissance artist known for his woodblock prints
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Ledgendary Renaissance artist Michelangelo Buonarotti born
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The Spanish inquisition was a group of "Secret Police" who tried and executed heretics, also NOBODY EXCPECTED THE SPANISH INQUISITION!!!!!!
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While far from America's "Discoverer" Columbus' exploits helped establish european presence in The Americas
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(Exact dates unknownn) Hernan Cortez defeated the Aztecs, largely thanks to western immunity/resistance to several bacteria strains they imported, and the fact that the Aztecs believed the Spanish to be gods
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Martin Luther posted the 95 theses on the door of his town's church, wihch became the start of a long series of splits from the Catholic Church, including Luther himeself, John Calvin and Ulrich Zwigli
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(Exact date unknown) Renaissance artist El Greco was known for his, dark, unorthodox depictions of elongated figures, which influenced Cubism many centuries later
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The British find the last attempt at establishing Roanoke, the first English colony, gone without a trace
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(Exact dates unknown) The Baroque period was instrumental in creating new genres of music
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Rembrandt was the most promimnent artist of the northern Baroque period, and is wildely consindered the best
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Jamestown, the first Permanant British-American Colony was founded by the Joint-Stock Virginia Company; eventually it grew rich off of the tobacco trade
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(Exact date unknown) The first slaves were imported from Africa due to an insufficent amount of free men available to work in the colonies
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The Pilgrims landed in Massachusetts as a result of insufficient resourses, and founded the colony there, the colony is notable for its religious inclination and its, albeit short-lived, diplomacy with the natives
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The House of Burgesses was the first democratically elected council in North America
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(Exact Dates Unknown) The Puritans (Different from the Pilgrims) establish a colony in Massachusetts
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(Exact date unknown) Johannes Vermeer was a prominent Baroque artist who may have used a camera obscura to make his work more realistic
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Maryland was established by Scottish Nobles as a colony for Catholics to reside in
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(Exact dates unknown) The mounting tension between the Settler's economic expidentures and the native's, particularly the Pequot tribe's way of life reached a boil and resulted in the first of many conflicts between the two
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Anne Hutchinson was a religious figure who disagreed with the Puritan Church that had established the Mass. Bay Colony, eventually, she became an early settler of Rhode Island
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The Fundamental orders took the various Conneticut towns and unified them into a single colony
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English Civil War started as a result of Charles I's unjust policies and concluded with the king's execution, and the installation of a republic, which soon denigrated into a facist dictatorship headed by Oliver Cromwell
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Prominent Scientist of the mid to late 1600s and early 1700s Isaac Newton developed such important concepts as calculus as well as identifing the existence of a force rooting objects to the planet; gravity
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The Navigation act established a Merchantile economy in America, Meaning that only specific sellers were allowed to sell specific things
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The Dutch surrender the territory that would become New York to the British
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(Exact date unknown) Paradise Lost was an epic poem detailing the rise and fall of Satan written in the style of ancient works such as the Illiad and The Odessy
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King Phillip's war was a skirmish between the British and the Natives that exacerbated the race relations to an even greater extent than before
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Nathaniel Bacon launched a rebellion against the Virginian government citing general disaproval, he died soon after
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Pennsylvania began as a massive stretch of land given to William Penn by Charles II as payment for a debt he owed to Penn's family. A devout Quaker, Penn soon established it as a safe haven for the Quakers
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The Glorious Revolution Began with William III and Mary II, Dutch nobles, ascending to the English throne and establishing a constitution and installed provisions against dissolving Parliment, setting the stage for the eventual US
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William III and Mary II, co-regents of Britain, altered the system of government to a constitutional monarchy, paving the way for the Britain's second, and much more successful Republic
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(Exact date unknown)
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Mass Hysteria erupted in Massachusetts and particularly Salem, after two girls became mentally unstable, and the religiously inclined culture blamed it on "witchcraft"
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(Exact date unknown) Gulliver's Travels is a satirical work, pardoying various groups in the British government
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Charles Willson Peale was an early American Neoclassical artist who popularized American art as a whole
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(Exact dates unknown) The Classical Period is in many ways the Baroque's opposite, preferring emotional reservation and more nebulous themes
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Mozart was a reknowned composer and possibly the most influential figure of the classicsl period
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The Proclamation established a weak agreement with the native population after the French and Indian War
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(Exact dates unknown) The stamp act regulated the paper that could be sold in the colony, only paper embossed with a specific seal could be sold
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Confused soldiers nervously fired at rowdy colonists killing five and rousing much anger in the colonial population
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(Likely Born a few days before) Beethoven (1770-1827) Is notable for bridging the Classical and Romantic periods of music
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In protest of the tax placed on tea 8 years prior, several colonist disguised as natives as a symbol of defiance, dropped tea into the harbor in Boston, causing the British to temporarily close off acess
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(Exact dates unknown) the Intolerable acts removed many of the rights of the Bostonians in response to the Boston Tea Party
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The Battles of Lexington and Concord, also fought in several surrounding towns were the first battles of the American Revolution
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Common sense was a Criticism of the British Government written by Philosopher Thomas Paine that helped inspire the colonial push for independence
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The Continental Congress signed the Declaration of Independence, effectively begginning the American Revolution
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The Articles of Confederation were an early system of American Government wherin the population of a state impacted their authority on the governmnt as a whole
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Benjamin Franklin helped create a helpful alliance with the French royals in the waning days of the revolution.
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Yorktown was the final stand of the British in the Revolution, ad resulted in unconditional surrender and led to the treaty of Paris 2 years later
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The multiple battles fought at Saratoga collectively served to firmly establish the colonial victory in all but British surrender, which would come in a few months
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The Treaty of Paris marks the formal end of the American Revolution
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This ordinance created the states of Illinois, Ohio, and Indiana
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This legislation amended to the ordinance of 1784 and codified things such as public education and explained the procedure for becoming a state
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(Date ungiven) The Jay-Gardoqui treaty was intended to give Spain the right to navigate the Mississippi River, but was quickly voted down
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(Exact date ungiven) Virginia's separation of church and state became the national norn
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(exact date ungiven) The Indian Ordinance stated that Native territory would only be settled by Americans under the circumstances of conquest and/ or purchase
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Shay's Rebellion was brought about by displeasure with the post-revolutionary conditions in America
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The Annapolis Convention ruled that the Articles of Confederation should be abolished and replaced with a new Constitution
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The Constituition replaced the confederation, which many citizens were displeased with
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The northwest Ordinance superseded the previous code for northwest statehood, and blocked Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Michigan from statehood for a short period of time
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The Federalist papers were pro-constitution propaganda released in the time of the conventions, in hopes of reuinfying the country
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By the end of 1788, all states excpet Rhode Island and North Carolina had accepted the constitution
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George Washington became the first president elected under the new constitution
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Thee first innagrtion represented a shift in governmental power from the old confederacy to a more stable form of governance.
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Tension between the French Royals and the working class erupts as the Bastille is attacked, in a move ultimately leading up to the infamous Reign of Terror
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Alexander Hamilton gave the first report on the financial state of the citizenry, a crucial bit of knowledge for congrss
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The Whiskey rebellion was a
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The National bank is important in that it codified US money, trade, etc.
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This proclamation declared the US neutral in conflicts between England and France, and temporarily prevented the new nation from going to war with other countries
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The cotton gin made cotton into a viable cash crop and caused slavery to persist beyond its previously percieved limits.
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The Battle of Fallen Timber was the final conflict between the American army, and the Northwest Territoy natives, the former prevailed and The US continued its outward expansion.
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The Jay Treaty amended to the Treaty of Paris and avertaed another war with Great Britain
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Pinckney's Treaty created an alliance wtih Spain, a crucial aly to the early US
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The Inauguration of John Adams is pivotl as it represents a clean trnsefer of poer in the new nation, a far less given notion at the time
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The XYZ affair began with the American diplomats refusing pay a traditional fee nearly caued a war between the US and France
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The sedition acts prevented citizens from speaking out against the government, this volated the first aamendmentan was overturned by Jefferson
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Kentucky and Virginia both rejected the sedition acts
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Napoleon overthrows recently established French Republic and becomes new ruler of France, and proceeds to run several military campaigns in hopes of conquering all of Europe
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D.C. was choen as the capital for itt being a neurrall zone
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Thomas Jefferson's impending presidency caused John Adams to quickly appoint a supreme court to protect the changes he had made to the laws, the judges were removed the following year
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Thomas Cole began the Hudson River School, the first American Romantic art movement
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this case was critically important in drawing the lines of authority between the executive and the judicial branch.
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British seizure of American ships eventually prompts the war of 1812
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The Embargo act prevented US ships from trading with forigen nations, in response to a desire for neutrality in international affairs, the system wilted and was abolished two years later
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Slaves could no longer be legally taken across oceans, though slavery would survive in America for a furhter 57 years
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Fletcher vs Peck contested whether Georgia had the right to claim several million acres of land west of its borders, ultimately, they concluded it did not
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The Battle of Tippecanoe marks the end of Tecumseh's war.
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The War of 1812 was the second attempt by the British to retake their former colonies
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Pride and Predjuidce is credited with being one of the first novels with a mundane tone
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The Battle of Lake Erie was an important victory for the US and allowed themm to recapture Michigan
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The British invaded and nearly destroyed the nation's capital.
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The battle of Lake Champlain was the deciding factor in the war of 1812 and the British soon resigned themselves with the treaty of ghent
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Millet was a master realist artist of the Babizon School
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New Orleans was the final battle of the war of 1812, and occured only a month before the Treaty of Ghent
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James Monroe was the 5th presidnt of the US under the constituton
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The war won the US Florida and was culminatd in the Adams-Onis treaty of 1819
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The Supreme Court ruled that the Government could impose taxes
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The Missouri Compromise was enacted by congressman Henry Clay, and stated that 1. the slave state/ free state ratio will be equal. 2. slaves are allowed only below a certian line
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The Monroe Doctrine decalred that european countries should discontinue any attempts at colonizing North American land
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The Tariff of abominations was a bit of legislature strongly favoring the north, and predictably angered the south
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The Liberator was a paper devoted to the abolishment of slavery and an early champion of women's rights, and was in circulation until 1865
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(no specific dates applicable) The nullification crisis was a response to the tariffs of abomination wherin North Carolina attempted to legislate a series of mandates immunizing the state to the tariffs
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The case ruled that Worchester was not in position to press charges, because the US legal system lacked jurisdiction in native territory.
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Brahms (1833-1897) is best known for his lullaby
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Isabella the 2nd issued an edict dissolving the infamous Spanish inquisiton, but a few survived and went on to be in Monty Python sketches
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Winslow Homer was a self- taught American realist and later impressionist artist of the second half of the 19th century
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Texas formed a nation of its own in the wake of a dispute over the southern boundary of the US in relation to the Spanish territory in Mexico
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Runaway inflation and rapidly rising prices led to the first major American recession
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Peter Tchaikovsky (1840-1893) Was perhaps one of the most tormented of the composers, despite his upbeat compositions
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Antonin Dvorak (1841-1904) Mixed Romantic period sounds with folk music to create a unique style.
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Jane Eyre was written by Charlotte Bronte writing under the pseudonym Curer Bell
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A Tale of Two Cities is a dramatic novel about the horrors of the French Revolution, as well as sin and redemption
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The remaining United states began their fight to recapture the eleven seceded states as well as abolish the institution of slavery.
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Claude Debussy (1862-1918) Is considered the first modern composer
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Alice's Adventures in Wonderland was based on stories that the author told kids he looked after
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Thomas Edison invented first practical lightbulb
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Father Brown was a Catholic Priest who solved crimes in subtle ways, his first appearence was in a story called The Blue Cross
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The assasination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, sparked international conflict, leading to World War I
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A Passage to India is notable for being one of the first works to genuinely sympathize with a conquered minority from someone outside of the minorithy
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The Great Depression was a massive worldwide failiure of the stock markets, causing a dearth of money and employment for the next decade, not ending until World War II
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The Hobbit is generally credited as the earliest example of high fantasy
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Out of the Silent Planet was C.S. Lewis' first published work of fiction
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World War II begins with Hitler's invasion of Poland, most of Europe is dragged into the conflict, The U.S. remains neutral until the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7th, 1941
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Harvey is a comedy about a man and his non-imaginary imaginary friend
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The first use of nuclear weapons in war caused devestation to the Japanese people and led to their eventual surrender
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Animal Farm was written as a satire of Communist government
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The Crucible is a story of the Salem Witch Trials written in response to the Red Scare of the 1950s
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A Morbid Taste for Bones was the first appearence of the character Brother Cadfael
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The Soviet Union was a Communist nation that eventually failed due to the inherrent strain of Communist government
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Terrorists from an organization known as Al-Queda hijacked 4 commercial airplanes, two of them destroyed the two world trade center towers, one caused moderate damage to the pentagon, and the fourth and final was aimed at the White House, but was crashed into a field in Pensilvania as a result of an uprising within the plane
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U.S, Millitary tracks and kills Osama Bin Laden, the strategist who orchestrated the 9/11 terrorist attacks, in a compound in Pakistan
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Charlemange established Holy Roman Empire.
