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No powered machinary.
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Established in Australia.
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By europeans at the mouth of the hunnter river in new south wales by the escpaing convict william byrant.
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William byrant wife mary was the first european women to use australian coal for cooking.
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On the South coast of new south wales william clarke secondly discovered coal.
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The forst coalmine in australia was establihes at the mouth of he hunter river in new south wales.
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The Governer King set up a permenant settlement naming it Newcastle.
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Newcastle New south wales became the centre of development for coal trade.
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Seashles were burnt to produce lime mainly for buildings.
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In 1815 Simeon Lord established a mill in Sydney and in 1816 he entered in to an agreement with governer Macquarie to mill, dye and dress cloth from the feamale factory in Parramatta. Another early textile factory was established in 1832 at Blackwattle Bay in Sydney. It manufactured the finest as wel as the coarest cloths.
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The Bridgewater Foundry on the Bridge water canal.
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The Sophia jane was the first paddler to operate in Australia it was made in england then sent to australia in 1831.
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Totalled about 5500 tonnes of iron and stell and a further 7500 tonnes were imported to the end of 1840.
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The Australian Argricultral Companys at Coal Works in Newcastle.
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In 1838 there were seven wollen mills in NSW and by 1841 most people in the colony were dressed in tweeds made at Parramatta.
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The first attempt at establishing iron and steel smelting was made in 1848 near mittagong NSW. The smelting plant was not econimical and was closed by 1877.
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There was a growing dmeand for picks, shovels and the various tools needed for fossicking for gold. When it bacme nesecery
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The gold rushes in both NSW and Victorias didnt ony bring wealth but a huge increase in population. Sydney and Melbourne both became rapidly growing cities. They had buildings to have rival those in other parts of the world. Very soon after the time australians were using excitng innovation such as the electric telegraph, telephones, trams,gas and electric light. Gold gave a huge finnacial boost to australia.
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Steamships were running services between newcastle,Sydney Adelaide, Moreten Bay and Tasmania.
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The output of wollen cloth reached 235 000 yeards per annum in 1852.
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South Australia had in 1854 a horse drawn railway operating at the mouth of the Murray River. The first line which was carring steam powered train opened on the 21st of April 1856, between Adelaide and Port Adelaide.
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A railway line 72 kilometres long opened between the morthern towns od Launceston and Deloraine in 1868.
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The textile industry relied havily on the low cost labour of women and then later migrant workers. In VIC the industry expanded rapidly in the 1870s with employmwnt in factories numbering 1000 by 1877 then increasing towards 2000 from 195 to 1900.
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In 1871 a private timber railway from Lockville to Yoganup was the first railway to operate in WA.
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NSW was not the only place where cloth was produced. The Waverley Wollen Mill at Dsitillery Creek was established in 1873 and won the prize of 1000 pounds offered by the Tasmanian colonail governemt for the first wollen goods manufactured in the colony from locally produced wool.
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A small blast furnance was built in 1875 and operated into the 1880's but was never economic. An employee was sent to Britain to the the requirements nad technology associated with the consturction. It then took 5 years before a satisfactory production was achived. One of its products was the lococmotive wheel.
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The first railway in OLD ran frim ipswitch inland to grandchester using the narrow 1067mm gauge. The System was extented further to the darling downs before being connected with brisbane, which is the capital of QLD.
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The first governmeant railway opened in 1879 between Geraldton and northhampton.
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With the establishment of this company in 1885 Australia was to have its first major mining and steel production company.
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In the Northern Territory a railway between Darwin ans Pine creek (253 kilometres) became operational on October the 1st 1889.
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In the Australian Capital Territory a 10 kilometre branch line opened between Queanbeyan NSW and Canberra in 1914.
