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War between France and Spain for control of the Kingdom of Naples.
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Michelangelo paints the Sistine Chapel.
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Protestant Reformation of Martin Luther.
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Barbarossa sweeps the south of France.
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Hernán Cortés defeats the Aztecs.
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Juan Sebastián Elcano goes around the world in Magellan's expedition.
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Charles V's troops enter Rome.
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The Austrians defeat the Ottomans at the Siege of Vienna.
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The Philippines enter the Spanish Empire.
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Coronation of Carlos I (Carlos V) as Holy Roman Emperor
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Pizarro begins the conquest of the Inca Empire.
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The city of Bogotá is founded.
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The Portuguese founded the city of São Paulo.
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El Lazarillo de Tormes is published.
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Catholic armies defeat the Ottomans at the Naval Battle of Lepanto.
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Union of Utretch between the provinces opposed to the Spaniards in the Netherlands.
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Philip II is crowned king of the Spanish and Portuguese crown.
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Disaster of the Invincible Navy.
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Galileo Galilei invents the thermometer.
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The first part of Don Quixote is published.
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Peace between the Ottoman Empire and Austria.
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The Romanov Dynasty begins in Russia.
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Expulsion of the last Moors from Spain.
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The Thirty Years' War begins in Europe.
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St. Peter's Cathedral is completed in the Vatican.
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War of Restoration of Portuguese independence from Spain
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Conquest of China by the Manchus. The Ming Dynasty ends and the Qing Dynasty begins..
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The Peace of Westphalia ends the Thirty Years' War.
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Robert Hooke discovers the cells by telescope.
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Lisbon Peace Treaty between Spain and Portugal.
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Battle of Vienna against the Ottomans.
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Newton's Laws.
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King Charles II dies.
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Austria declares war on France and Spain.
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Gibraltar becomes the United Kingdom.
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Britain is founded when the English and Scottish parliament join.
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Louis XV succeeds Louis XIV becomes King of France in 1715.
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The Treaty of Ultretch is signed, ending the War of the Spanish Succession a year later.
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The first typewriter is patented.
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Gabriel Fahrenheit invents the mercury thermometer.
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The French founded the city of New Orleans.
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The period of the Enlightenment begins after some philosophical publications of Voltaire
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The Viceroyalty of New Granada is restored.
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Rebellion of Atahualpa against the Spaniards.
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Treaty of Westminster, peace treaty that concluded the Third Anglo-Dutch War. Signed by the United Provinces of the Netherlands and the Kingdom of England.
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Carlos III is crowned King of Spain.
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Rousseau publishes The Social Contract.
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The First Industrial Revolution begins.
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The American Revolutionary War begins.
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United States Declaration of Independence.
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Rebellion of Túpac Amaru II against the Spanish crown in Peru.
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The Treaty of Paris agrees to the end of the American Revolutionary War.
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Constitution of the United States.
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French Revolution
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Lavoisier's Law.
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Coalition of European monarchies against the French Revolution.
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Spain gives the territory of the Mississippi to the United States.
