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Brass
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Gregorian chant is called like this because of him
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Liturgical plainsongs.
We call this musical repertoire Gregorian Chant -
The Roman Catholic Church complied its liturgical plaisont. We call Gregorian Church in honour of Pope Gregory the Great.
-onophonic texture.
-Modal scales and is in free. -The textis in latin. -
Organum
Discantus
Conductus -
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The most important songbooks were the Spanish manuscripts for example Cancionero De Palacio , it has more tan 400 pieces from the times of the Catholic Monarchs about different subjects in dfferent languages too.
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Performed in palaces halls by the nobility. Members of the court required good dance training, because the high classes always danced at social events and its own choreography.
One of the bets–know combinations of dances was the:pavanes, galliard, branle and sarabande. -
Three main forms
-Motet: it already existed in Middle Ages.This form becamemore important,religious and included more parts
-Mass: it was a long composicion with liturgical texts,written in latin. It was based on the fixed parts of the religious ceremony
-Chorale:it was the most common musical form in the protestant liturgy. It was based on pre-existing melodies sung in the vernacular with a simple texture and an AAB structure. -
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He was a German theologian and monk known for starting the Protestant Reformation. He was also a composer and flautist. He created a repertoire of simple melodies in the vernacular. On the other hand , Catholic music continued to be composed and written in Latin
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Compositions based on vocal music: instrumentalist who usually accompanied vocal pieces, used these as a base for instrumental works.
Compositions with an improvisational feel: composer started to write down any brief improvised pieces that were of good musical quality.
Variations: it consisted of the exposition of a short musical theme followed by some variations on it. in Spain it was called diferencias. -
In this period , distinction between religious and secular music continued.Vocal and instrumental msic had this main characteristics: 1.It was composed for several parts 2.It was composed using medieval modal scales 3.It ha a defined and regular rhythm.
The distinction between religious and secular music continued.
Vocal and Instrumental music had this main characteristics:
1.It was composed in several parts
2.It was composed using medieval modal scales
3.It had a defined and regular rhythm. -
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-Chordophones: Baroque guitar, violin, viola, cello, double bass.
-Aerophones: Flute, oboe, bassoon, trumpet.
-Membranophones: Kettledrums. -
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-The fugue: was the one of the main Baroque forms for keyboard instruments. -The suite: involved the pairs of dances performed together in the Renaissance. -The sonata: consisted of four movements, alternating between fast and slow tempos. -The concerto: consisted of three contrasting movements. The concerto grosso, ripiento and solo concerto.
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Composition with an improvisional feel. Composers started to write down any brief improvised pieces.
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It was between the early Modern period and the late Modern period.
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Enlightenment despotism was a political system in which absolutist monarchs carried out a series of important reforms based on Enlightenment ideas, but without consulting the common people or changing the social system of the time.
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•Minuet: ABA
•Rondo: ABACA
•Theme and variations: AA1A2A3A4A5... -
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The period the we know as the Classical period in music is called Neoclassicism in the rest of the arts.
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•Exposition: theme A and theme B. A bridge join 2 parts. The exposition sometimes ends with a short coda and all of it is usually repeated.
•Development: its a section where the composers can give more freedom to his or her imagination and present new musical material.
•Reexposition: consist of a repetition of the exposition, but with some modifications. It ends with a final coda. -
NUMBER OF THE MOVEMENTS---FORM---STRUCTURE
I ---sonata form---ABA`
II ---theme and variations---AA1A2A3...
III ---minuet---ABA
IV ---rondo---ABBACA -
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Among the composers of this period, Juan Crisóstomo de Arriaga stands out for his early talent.
Fernando Sor, was well known for his good works for guitar.
Vicente Martín y Soler wrote many operas in the Italy style. -
Short pieces for solo piano: they were simple and free musical structure. Aimed to show the virtuosity of the performers
Chamber music: was performed in concert halls or private concerts, was also played in duets, trios, quartets and quintets with other string and wind instruments
Longer works: included concertosfor piano and orchestra -
It is characterised by:
Wanting to be free from Classical rules
Aiming for the virtuosity
Melody is an important mean of expression
Using a wider vocabulary on scores
Use melody-dominated homophony
aim the uniy in the piece of music -
WoodWind
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Woodwind
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WoodWind
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WoodWind
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QdE2Cdn8VnU
-Musical atmsopheres inspired by nature or inusual things.
-Scales that evoked oriental music, like the pentatonic scale.
-Imprecise melodic lines and a free, irregular rhythm.
-Timbres of different instruments overlapping each other, forming a sound collage -
Australian composer Arnold Schönberg.
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Karlheinz Stockhausen
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Steve Reich
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Isadora Duncan
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3J4DZ3_MwBQ
-It used a very strong rhythm.
-Compositions were designed for small chamber ensembles, in which each instrument had a promient role.
-In some compositions, the melodic lines was lost in favour of a type of recitative singing, called Sprechgesang.
-It included strong dissonances constant tension.
-It used atonality and the twelve-tone technique. -
-Irregular rhythm.
Russian composer Sergei Prokofiev. -
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Pierre Schaeffer
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Generación del 27 and Generación de 51
