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The First Sudanese Civil War between the North and the South ended with the Addis Ababa Agreement, which theoretically would allow South Sudan total autonomy of itself. This agreement only lasted a few years.
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In Sudan the so-called October Revolution centered around a general strike that spread throughout the country. Strike leaders identified themselves as the National Front for Professionals.
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Sudanese government was overthrown in a military coup, headed by Gaafar an-Nimeiry, who came to power with the support of communist and socialist leaders.
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Ended fighting between north and south Sudan. It made the south a self-governing region. The Abyei people of southern Sudan were promised a vote on self-determination.
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Arab commando terrorists killed 3 hostages: US ambassador Cleo A. Noel, deputy George Curtis Moore, and Belgian charge d’affaires Guy Eid. The operation was later reported to have been organized by Yasser Arafat.
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1st identified in western Sudan and the nearby region of Congo.
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The People’s Liberation Army renewed the battle for total autonomy from the Muslim north. The discovery of oil in the middle of the country and Shariah law reignited violence.
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President Nimeiri set an edict to make Islamic law a forced religion. The SPLA switched hands to John Garang, a former Sudanese army colonel.
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A coup in Sudan replaced President Nimeiry with General Dahab.
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Killed some 250,000 people.
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Omar Hassan al-Bashir and Sheik Hassan al-Turabi seized power, and imposed an Iranian style theocracy along with the strict Muslim Shariah law on the country, specifically the Christian South. They were backed by the National Islamic Front.
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These states matched the nine provinces that had existed from 1948 to 1973. The states were subdivided into 66 provinces, and then into 281 local government areas.
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The Red Cross suspended field work in Sudan after 2 members of its staff were seized briefly by a rebel group. This caused the US embassy in Khartoum to be abandoned.
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The UN called for sanctions against Sudan, and on May 20, Britain ordered the expulsion of 3 Sudanese diplomats as part of the UN’s call for sanctions.
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President Clinton ordered cruise missile attacks on Sudan and Afghanistan, which housed a chemical plant that took part in making chemical agents for Muslim Terrorist groups, specifically Al Qaida.
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The death toll from the 15 year civil war was reported to have reached at least 1.9 million.
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President Bashir reappointed an entirely new government by firing 10 ministers, disbanding 2 ministries and appointing 25 new state governors.
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The US House voted to forbid foreign oil companies doing business in Sudan for security reasons.
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Caused by underlying issues that went undressed in the first civil war, which were resolved by five years of difficult negotiations between SPLA and Khartoum over the future of southern Sudan.
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Sudan signed a peace deal with southern rebels in Kenya.
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Sudan's government signed an agreement with rebels to suspend fighting during talks to end their 20-year-old war. Unfortunately, it takes a few more years until these ideals pan out.
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The Sudanese government and southern rebels agreed on how to share the country's wealth in oil revenues, which would be a key issue and taking a major step toward ending their 20-year conflict.
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VP of Sudan, Ali Osman Mohammed Taha, and John Garang, the country's main rebel leader, signed the CPA, which ended Africa's longest-running conflict. The treaty stated: The 10 states in southern Sudan will be secular, while the north will practice Islamic law; the south will be autonomous; Oil revenues from the south will be split 50-50 between the north and south: The south will vote on independence in 2011; UN observers will monitor a cease-fire and demobilization of troops.