-
Napoleon forces Spain to return control of Louisiana to the French
In 1800 napoleon Bonaparte battled the Spanish empire for control of the Louisiana territory after his victory he planned on revitalizing his colonial holdings in the new world. This is important because it began the border disputes in the area. pg. 101-102
AI generated image from Chat-GPT -
The Louisiana purchase
In 1803 the United States led by Thomas Jefferson purchased the Louisiana territory from the napoleon led French. This is very important event because it led to American presence in the region as well as basically securing the territory from the Spanish permanently. pg.102
Image citation-https://www.sciencephoto.com/media/1193956/view/louisiana-purchase-1803 -
The creation of the neutral zone
General Wilkinson along with Francisco Viana signed a treaty that basically made a Demilitarized zone in between Louisiana and Texas. This important because it kept a buffer between the newly acquired US land and the existing Spanish territories.
pg 106-108
image citation-https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/neutral-ground -
Father hidalgos revolt
Located in the town of Delores Father Miguel Hidalgo Y Costilla would walk out of his church and gathered a crowd in order to give a speech to the town crying for death of their Spanish government. This sparked the beginning of the Mexican revolution.
pg.116-117
image citation-https://www.britannica.com/biography/Miguel-Hidalgo-y-Costilla -
The casas revolt
Juan Bautista de las casas was the leader of hidalgo sympathizers in San Antonio and they would launch a revolt against the Spanish government. It would be almost immediately shattered and eventually he was usurped however it showed that the idea was in many Mexicans at the time.
pg.118
image citation-https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HajRbAs4vZI -
The Gutierrez-Magee expedition
Gutierrez de Lara led an expedition in order to filibuster the Spanish during the rebellion. He was joined by Augustus Magee. They had quite a military impact clashing with Spanish forces and fighting very important battles that furthered the independence movement. They would also be besieged in La Bahia for multiple months eventually outlasting the siege.
pg.120
image citation-http://gutierrez-magee.texhist.com/2017/01/a-short-history-of-expedition.html -
Battle of medina
The bloodiest battle in Texas history was fought between Arredondo and Toledo. This day long fight a few miles south of the medina river was a complete bloodbath for the Mexican army led by Toledo was massacred by the spanish army. pg.122
Image citation- https://sanantonioreport.org/finding-medina-the-battle-of-medina-revisited/ -
Mexican independence is declared by father Morelos
Father Jose Morelos had taken over for for hidalgo after his execution. He managed to establish control of land south of Mexico city and organized a congress that formally declared Mexican independence. Unfortunately he would be later executed in November of the same year.
pg.122
image citation-https://www.3museos.com/?pieza=retrato-de-jose-maria-morelos-y-pavon -
Adams-Onis Treaty
The treaty came about after the war of 1812 in which Spain in order to prevent further hostilities would concede Florida while maintaining Texas as well as making a clear border on a map of Spanish territory. This had a major impact on spain as their internal struggle was not helped by losing territory and appearing weaker.
pg.127-128
image citation-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adams%E2%80%93On%C3%ADs_Treaty#/media/File:Adams_onis_map.png -
The plan of Iguala
The plan signed by Vicente Guerrero and Agustin Iturbide was meant to separate Mexico from Spain. Using 3 main clauses of the agreement those being : (1) the continued special status of the catholic church in Mexican society, (2) the independence of Mexico as a constitutional monarchy, and (3) equality between peninsulares and criollos. This essentially ended Spanish rule in north America. pg.129
image citation-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agust%C3%ADn_de_Iturbide
