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French composer and writer; important to French music during and after the Revolution
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Italian composer, theorist, teacher, and administrator working in Paris, he was a dominant figure in French musical life, especially in opera and education
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Founder of Romantic Italian Opera; German by birth; a central figure in Italian opera before Rossini and after Mozart
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French composer; contributed to the genre of opera comique; he was the most important French composer of symphonies in the early 19th century
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Haydn's patron and employer after 1790
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Czech composer; especially important as a theorist and teacher in Paris
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Instrumental in moving music towards Romanticism; he is an icon in our present culture; he established the heroic topic in orchestral music and was the transitional composer between classicism and romanticism
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Italian composer and teacher; admired by Napoleon
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Italian working in Paris; conductor; Empress Josephine's favorite musician; the central figure in French serious opera from 1800 to 1820
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French composer; he was the leading composer of opera in France during the early 19th century; leader in opera comique
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German writer and composer; writer of The Nutcracker fable; his writings epitomize Romanticism; also an artist
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Austrian composer, pianist, teacher, and conductor; student of Mozart; very important during his day
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German composer and singing teacher; daughter of J. F. Reichardt; conducted women's chorus in Hamburg
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Italian violinist and composer; he contributed significantly to the history of the violin and to the development of virtuosity
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Irish composer and pianist; he originated the Romantic style of piano writing that is credited to Chopin; he invented the piano nocturne
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French composer of English descent; Berlioz thought he would be Beethoven's successor - he was not
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German composer, pianist, and copyist; student of Beethoven
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German composer, conductor, and violinist; he used Leitmotifs in his operas before Wagner did; prolific
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Founder of German Romantic Opera; studied with Michael Haydn; important conductor
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The leading composer of French Grand Opera; Jewish, and the object of Wagner's anti-Semitic writings in 1850
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The most famous composer in the early 19th century in Vienna; composed mostly choral music and operas; Italian
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Bohemian composer; pianist, teacher, and conductor of Czech birth; important as a pianist during the time of Schumann and Mendelssohn
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Italian composer and teacher; during his day he was as important as Donizetti, Bellini, and Verdi; prolific in most genres
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Student of Mayr; Verdi's immediate forerunner in serious Italian opera; prolific composer of all genres
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Austrian composer who created a genre of artistic and dramatic Lieder; expansive melodies; frequent modulations; many unfinished works; romanticized after his early death
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Italian opera composer; created dramas with extreme passion, action , and emotion
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French composer, conductor, writer and innovator; he was the leading French musician in his day; his works embody the notions of Romanticism
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French composer, pianist, teacher, and scholar; the most esteemed French female professor in the 19th century
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The father of Russian music; European trained; prolific
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Had the same training as Felix; she was discouraged from composing; married, then published more; her house was a center for intellectuals and culture
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Early romantic; conservative style; important as a conductor; revived Bach's music; German composer Jewish heritage
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Most radical changes since music's recorded history, music was more emotional and was expected to be emotional, interest in the nature and mind of the artist, emotions were "romanticized", new harmonics were introduced, new forms and harmonic possibilities were also introduced, brass and percussion sections were enlarged, chromaticism was used freely, rubato, solo recitals became popular,
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Piano had the most important improvements and the tunings of many instruments was significantly refined, percussion instruments became more involved, other instruments that were considered "accompanying" were integrated into the new modern orchestral sound
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French composer; after Berlioz, the only other composer to do something highly original in the symphonic genre; he favored oriental topics
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Important as critic, editor, and composer; center of musical life; lost his sanity at a young age
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Polish/French composer and pianist; he innovated new piano techniques; he is more famous today than during his lifetime; known for his character pieces
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Virtuoso pianist; conductor; author; supporter of Wagner; innovator in musical form, aesthetics, and harmonics; inventor of the orchestral tone poem
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French composer; important to French opera
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The leading Italian opera composer of the 19th century; became a national hero of Italy
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Created of German Music Drama; conductor, writer, musical innovator; wrote about music of the future; anti-semite; profoundly influenced Western harmony; strove for endless melodies
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German composer and singer; one of the most published women composers in the 19th century
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Danish composer, conductor, violinist, and teacher; he was ranked with Brahms by his contemporary public
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French prolific composer; wrote in most genres of the day
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The founder of Opera bluffs; introduced the can-can
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Virtuoso pianist; wife of Robert Schumann; close friend of Brahms
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French composer, teacher, singer, and pianist; student of Liszt
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French nationalist composer, teacher, and organist
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German composer, teacher, and writer, ranked with Brahms during his day; associated with Liszt
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Austrian composer and organist; follower of Wagner; known for his large orchestrations; incredibly conscientious approach to composition
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German composer, teacher, pianist, writer, and conductor
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Czech composer; established Czech opera in the 19th century; nationalist
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Austrian music critic and writer; he is considered the first professional music critic; we learn a great deal about 19th century aesthetics from his writings; professor of music history and aesthetics at the University of Vienna (1861)
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Viennese composer, conductor, and violinist; called the "Waltz-King"
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American songwriter; vernacular style
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American composer and virtuoso pianist; one of the most significant American 19th century musicians; well known in Europe
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Russian composer and virtuoso pianist; Founder of the St. Petersburg Conservatory in 1862
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Hungarian vionlinist, composer, conductor, and teacher; toured with Clara Schumann; friends with Brahms
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One of the Russian Mighty Five; a chemist by profession
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Austrian composer; known as a classic-romantic; strong knowledge of the musical past; one of the first editors of Bach's music; conductor, pianist; friends with Schumanns; never wrote an opera
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Russian composer, pianist, conductor, and teacher; brother of Anton; he founded the Moscow Conservatory
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French composer, pianist, organist, and writer
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One of the Russian Mighty Five; of French descent
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One of the Russian Mighty Five; one of the more professionally trained musicians of the five
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French composer who created a new type of serious French opera
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One of the Russian Mighty Five; most famous of the 5 today; his music is rooted in Russian folksong and lore
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American; organist, composer; teacher of the new generation of American composers; Harvard's first professor of music
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Russian composer, conductor and teacher; Western trained; emotional; conservative harmonic language
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French composer and pianist; Ravel's main influence; important for his piano works and imaginative stage works
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The most famous of the Czech composers; lived in the USA; influenced by African-American and Native American music and culture
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French composer; prolific and versatile
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English composer and conductor; his comic operas are still popular today (Gilbert and Sullivan operas)
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The most important Norwegian composer during his day
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One of the Russian Mighty Five; important as a teacher; conductor; wrote an orchestration treatise
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French composer, teacher, and keyboardist; he foreshadowed moder tonality and style; extremely important as a teacher; head of the Paris Conservatory
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French composer, theorist and writer; Franck's leading pupil; used folksong
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British composer, conductor, writer, and teacher; he made important contributions to English church music
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American; leader of the U.S. Marine Band in 1880
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Czech composer; ethnomusicologist; influenced by folk music
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German composer, critic, and teacher; close to Wanger
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French composer; admirer of Franck and Wagner
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French composer and pianist; most of her works were published
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English composer; received international acclaim; not folksong oriented
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Italian composer and librettist; strove for realism in his dramatic works
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Italian opera composer; gift for delicate melodies; strove for realism; the most successful Italian opera composer after Verdi
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English composer; collector and editor of folksongs
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Wrote mostly Lieder; influenced by Wagner
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Pupil of RImsky-Korsakov; the last of the Russian nationalist