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Vietnam Declares Independence
After World War II, revolutionary Ho Chi Minh declared independence from France for the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. Soon after, French forces took control over Southern Vietnam and attacked Northern Vietnam territory. This resulted in the First Indochina war, in which Vietnamese and Chinese communists engaged in long-term conflict with France, the United States, and anti-communist forces. President Ho Chi Minh, Zinn Education Project -
Gulf of Tonkin Incident
The USS Maddox, a U.S. Navy Destroyer, was attacked by North Vietnamese patrol boats armed with torpedoes. The attack occurred in international waters. President Lyndon Johnson declared war under the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution after this event. For the next decade, U.S. involvement in the Vietnam war greatly increased. https://edsitement.neh.gov/lesson-plans/gulf-tonkin-resolution-and-escalation-vietnam-war -
My Lai Massacre
After a long series of conflicts with the enemy, The Charlie Company of the 11th Brigade engaged in a search-and-destroy mission in the village of My Lai. The mission devolved into a a brutal massacre, resulting in the deaths of 300+ Vietnamese civilians. When American public caught word of the massacre, other instances of inappropriate U.S. military conduct were discovered. The reaction to these events led to a dramatic increase in opposition to the war at large. The My Lai Massacre Museum -
The Paris Peace Accords
The Paris Peace Accords (or, An Agreement Ending the War and Restoring Peace in Vietnam) was a settlement intended to enact a ceasefire and end the Vietnam war. The Paris Peace Accords removed all US involvement from Vietnam. Along with the ceasefire, US prisoners were released and military forces were expelled from the nation. Henry Kissinger and Le Duc Tho in Paris, France. BBC -
Nixon Resigns
Once the disastrous impact of the Watergate scandal was apparent, President Richard Nixon resigned from office, even as plans for impeachment were ongoing During and after the Vietnam War, Nixon had sworn unequivocally to defend South Vietnam from the communist North. The weight and truth behind that commitment was greatly undermined by the reputation both Nixon and the U.S. as a whole gained after the Watergate scandal. President Richard Nixon announcing his decision to resign, NPR