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Prince Henry started a school of navigation. The school accepted people of the sea from a sailor to map-makers.
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Chapters 19 & 20
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After Hongwu died there was a power struggle and his son Yonglo emerged as the next emperor. Yonglo launched the first seven voyages of exploration. They were all led by a Chinese Muslim adrimal named Zheng He.
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Zheng He led a total of seven voyages. He traveled over 100,000 miles in his voyages.
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It was the first significant free-standing nude bronze scuplture. Nothing quite it has ever been built since.
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Chapter 17
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The Turks were commanded by 21-year-old Sultan Mehmed II. The fall of Constantinople marked the end of the Roman Empire.
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It was fought between England and France. The England kings owed homage to the French kings so when Edward II of England didn't pay homage the French tried taking his land and the war started.
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The invention of the printing press made bookmaking faster and books cheaper. The cheaper books allowed poorer people to buy books and increased the literacy rate.
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He sailed close to Africa coast line. One night they were hit by a storm and the next day they realized they were on the other side of Africa.
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They met and signed the Treaty of Granada. The treaty said they would treat the Muslims fair.
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Columbus set out to find an all-water route to Asia by going west. When he spotted land he thought he had reached Asia, but had only made it to the Americas.
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The treaty set up a Line of Demarcation. All the land to the west of the line was Spain's and all the land to the east of the line belonged to Portugal.
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This was significant because it was the first all water route to Asia from Europe. This allowed the Portuguese to become a major trading power in Europe.
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Vespucci was the first person to realize that Columbus landed in a new world instead of in Asia. The Americas were named after Vespucci
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Leonardo constantly was editing the Mona Lisa. The only reason it is looks like it does now is because Da Vinci passed away before he could truly finish it.
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Michelangelo began to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. He painted the ceiling while laying on his back.
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Rapheal started this painting in 1509 and finished it in 1510. Raphael painted himself into the painting along with many other very important figures.
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The book wasn't printed until five years after Machiavelli died. It is claimed to be one of the first works of philosophy.
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He posted a paper of 95 things he thought was wrong with the Catholic Church. This event started the Reformation.
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Hernando and his men were looking for gold. Hernando was a law school dropout.
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2o slaves revolted in Hispaniola. It was the first slave revolt.
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The Spanish were out numbered by thousands to the Inca. Atahualpa told his men not to bring their weapons the day they were attacked.
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Ivan's father died when he was 3, so he was crowned king of Russia at age 3. At age 17 he gave himself the title of "Czar."
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Anne gave birth to Elizabeth and had 3 miscarriages before Henry had her executed. Anne was beheaded.
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Edward took the throne at age 9. He died at the age of 15.
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Ignatius was a spanish knight. He emerged as a religious leader during the Counter-Reformation.
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He sailed down the St. Lawrence River and claimed land. He claimed what is now Quebec.
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Mary changed England from Anglican back to Catholic. She executed many non-Chatholics.
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Changed England from Catholic back to Anglican. She told people that she would marry them if they did something for her and once they did that something for her she didn't marry them.
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He killed his only son and his only heir. He was paranoid and thought it was someone who was going to try and kill him.
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This battle knocked Spain down from power. It also opened the door for other European countries.
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The Enlish fought the Dutch for control over Asia and lost. The English East India Company focused on setting up outposts in India.
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At the time the English and Dutch together broke Portugal's control of Asia. Eventually the Dutch and Englich fought for control and they both ended up setting up a trade company.
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This important because he was the first person to to publish a book that said that the Earth circles around the Sun. The church made him take back what he published even though it was correct.
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He was last seen in James Bay which is on the southern end of the Hudson Bay. He, his son, and some crew members were set adrift in a small boat by his crew.
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He died on his 52nd birthday. It is unkown what illness he died of.
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It involved most of the European countries and was fought in Central Europe. It was mainly a religious war between Protestants an Catholics.
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Cardinal Richelieu took 2 steps to increase the power of the Bourbon monarchy. He moved against the Huguenots and he weakened the nobles' power.
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This was important because we use the scientific method everyday. The scientific method consists of seven steps.
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During the Civil War the people who supported KIng Charles were called Cavaliers. After the war was over King Charles was tried and executed.
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Louis was known for being arrogant and liked to show off his wealth. His reign lasted 72 years.
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After the English Civil War, Oliver Cromwell and the Puritans overthrew the King of England, King Charles. King Charles was the first king ever to be tried and executed.
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This was important because it was the first social contract ever laid out. He thought that lives in a state of nature were "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short."
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It took 40 years for the palace to be built. Louis ordered all nobles to come and stay with him at Versailles.
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The New Netherlands was given up when the Prince of York showed up with his fleet of ships. It was given up without a shot being fired.
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He set up a wooden cross that had the coat of arms of his king on it. The set the cross up where the Mississippi River met the Gulf of Mexico.
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This is important because it gave us an understanding on why we always come back to the ground. It also gave us an understanding on why things always roll down hill.
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William was the prince of the Netherlands, when he was invited by 7 members of Parliament to overthrow King James. When William got to London with his army James fled, and Parliament asked William to sign the Bill of Rights.
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John Locke is important because he said government is to protect the rights of the people. he said if the government doesn't do that, the people have the right to rebel or change the government.
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Peter was 24 when he became the sole ruler of Russia. He embarked on this journey to help him reform Russia.
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It was fought mainly in Europe. The war lasted over a decade.
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It was his dream to build a city like St. Petersburg. The cost to build St. Petersburg was unmeasureable.
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This is important today because us americans use the fahrenheit scale to tell temperature. This scale says that water freezes at 32 degrees fahrenheit and boils at 212 degrees fahrenheit.
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She was the only female ruler of the Hapsburg Dominions. Her reign lasted 40 years.
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Frederick the Great is important because he granted religious freedom and improved the education in Prussia. Frederick also is important because he didn't get rid of serfdom because he needed the support from the nobles.
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This is important because we still use the Encyclopedia today and it is a great source to find information. He collected his information from collaberating with other scientists.
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It started in the Americas in 1754. It didn't start in Europe until 1756.
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This is important because Mary fought for equal rights between men and women. She wrote the VIndication of The Rights of Woman explaining these views.
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The Seven Years' War was fought around the world. Around 900,000 to 1,400,000 people died.
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Catherine the Great was important because she overthrew her husband to become queen of Russia. She also put down the serf rebellion and when she did she gave even more power to the nobles.
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This was important because itt was a major event in the american rebellion. Colonists went aboard docked ships and threw crates of tea into the harbor.
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This is important because oxygen is the element we need to survive. It also shown a light on why we can live on Earth.
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This is important because it marked the begining of the country called the United States of America. It also put an end to the American Revolution.
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This is important because it laid down the guidelines of the American government. It was written by Thomas Jefferson.
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This is important because Mozart was one of the first classical music riders. It is also important because Mozart went on to create many more great pieces of work that are still performed today.
