-
After the German army invaded Belgium and advanced into France, they were stopped by the French and British forces at the First Battle of the Marne. Neither side could gain a decisive victory, leading to trench warfare. -
Austrian Archduke Francis Ferdinand and his wife were assassinated in Sarajevo by Gavrilo Princip, a member of a Serbian nationalist group. -
A German U-boat torpedoed the British passenger ship Lusitania, killing 1,198 people, including 128 Americans. -
The February Revolution forced Tsar Nicholas II to abdicate, and a provisional government took control of Russia. -
The February Revolution led to Tsar Nicholas II’s abdication, and the October Revolution brought the Bolsheviks, led by Lenin, to power. -
The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the provisional government in the October Revolution. -
Germany resumed its policy of attacking all ships, including neutral ones, without warning. -
The United States formally entered World War I by declaring war on Germany. -
Germany signed an armistice agreement with the Allies, officially ending the fighting. -
The war ended with the Armistice of November 11, 1918. Many economies collapsed due to war debts, destruction, and inflation. -
The Treaty of Versailles formally ended the war, imposing heavy reparations on Germany and redrawing European borders.
-
Benito Mussolini and his Fascist Party seized power through the March on Rome, and he became Prime Minister. -
Benito Mussolini and his Fascist Party marched on Rome, leading King Victor Emmanuel III to appoint him Prime Minister. -
After Lenin’s death in 1924, Joseph Stalin eliminated rivals and gained total control of the Soviet Union. -
The U.S. stock market crashed, triggering a worldwide economic crisis. Unemployment and poverty spread globally.
-
After Lenin’s death, Joseph Stalin eliminated rivals like Trotsky and gained absolute power. -
Racial segregation and discrimination were legally enforced in the U.S. under Jim Crow laws.
-
Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany and soon established a totalitarian fascist regime, known as the Third Reich.
-
Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor in 1933 and soon turned Germany into a fascist dictatorship under the Third Reich.
-
After winning the Spanish Civil War, Francisco Franco established a nationalist dictatorship. -
Nazi Germany invaded Poland, leading Britain and France to declare war.
-
After WWII, the world became divided between democratic and communist blocs, led by the U.S. and USSR.
-
The Chinese Communist Party (CCP), led by Mao Zedong, defeated the Nationalists and took control of China.