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1st Nativist mouvement
opposed to immigration + want to prioritizes native-born interest inhabitant -
Homestead Act
granted 160acres/ pers of federal land to male settlers who cultivated it for five years . -
End CW -) Rise of Free Labour id
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Period: to
Acceleration innovation
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Great Chicago Fire
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Victoria Woodull : 1st Femal presidential candidate -) to gain attention
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Eco Panic
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End of Reconstruction
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Eco Depression
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The Great Railroad strike
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Period: to
the great railroad strike of 1877
first strike that spread across multiple states in the U.S. -
Eco crash
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Creation Knight of Labour
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1882 Immigration Act
50cent head tax + deportation of some ppl -
Chinese Exclusion Act
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Pendleton Act/ Civic service Act
Sup fees-based gov -
Haymarket strike =1st international Workers day
o A national strike for the eight-hour workday led to protests.
o In Chicago, police killed strikers at McCormick Reaper Works.
o During a protest at Haymarket Square, a bomb killed seven policemen.
o Authorities blamed anarchists; four were executed, and unionism was stigmatized as radical and violent.
o The Knights of Labor declined as a result. -
The Dawes Act
loss of tribal gov as U.S laws superseded Native legal systems
=) End natives communal way of living. -
The People's Party
populism mvmnt start in the west : farmers struggle because pay more for purchase than receive for their prod. -
Sherman and trust Act
Illegal to restrain trade or attempt to monopolize a market -
The Death of Sitting Bull
famous Dakota leader killed by Indian police because accused of ghost dance -
The Wounded Knee Massacre
After death of sitting bull -) Dakota tribes moved towards a reservation but intercepted by us military unit -) forced them to camp + died from gunfire/freezing temperatures -
Lynching of Italians in New Orleans
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1891 Immigration Act
Excluded + groups
Now federal gov control -
Rise of the populist parry with the Omaha platform
= political prog -
Homestead strike
o Carnegie Steel workers protested wage cuts and occupied the plant.
o Henry Clay Frick hired Pinkertons, who were attacked by strikers.
o Pennsylvania’s state militia was deployed, breaking the strike and destroying the union. -
Important eco crash
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Turner's Frontier Thesis
The frontier was always moving west. As people moved into new areas, they had to adapt, survive, and build new communities.
This made Americans independent, inventive, and democratic. The experience of the frontier gave Americans their unique character.
In 1890, the U.S. government said the frontier was “closed.” Turner saw this as a turning point — no more “wild” land meant the end of a major force that had shaped the nation. -
Pullman Strike
o George Pullman cut wages but kept rent high in his company town.
o The American Railway Union (ARU), led by Eugene Debs, refused to handle Pullman cars.
o The strike spread nationwide, paralyzing railroads.
o President Cleveland sent federal troops, leading to violent clashes.
o Debs was arrested, radicalized in prison, and later became a socialist leader. -
End ARU
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Period: to
Spanish-Am war
Am support Cuba push for independency
=) Cuba/Philippines/Guan = 1st colonies of USA -
Chicago become a large city of 1M ppl
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Eastern + Mediterranean Europe immigration
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3% of b ppl registered to vote in South State
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Period: to
T. Roosvlet presidency
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1903 : Update immigration Act
Inadmissible classes -) anarchist, epilepsy,... -
Hepburn Act
power to fix limit prie for RR -) Try to regulate RR -
Shirtwaist strike in NYC
women = less violence
Successful -) union reco + less hours -
The Triangle shirtwaist fire
2500 workers burned alive -) influence on progressivism -
Election of 1912 =) Wilson won
Eugene . V . Debs -) soc
Roosevelt -) his progressive party :Bull Moose party
wilson -) demo -
Period: to
Wilson presidency
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Ludlow Massacre
Rockfeller company eject workers out of their town because wanted better condition -) camp = burned + shot by nat guard =) Women / children killed . -
11 states allow women to vote
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Clayton Act
Union exempted from anti-trust laws -
Period: to
USA try to stay neutral in WW1
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Immigration Act of 1917
literacy test + asian banned zone -
Zimmerman telegram = USA enter on war VS Germany
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Espionnage Act
Prison if spying/interfiring with draft or helping the enemy -
Sedition Act
people punished if speak or write something seen as disloyal / critical to Us gov = disturb gov on war .
=)What you say against the war -
Repu party loss congress = abandon progressivism + embrace eco liberalism
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Act of Congress: All Indians are citizens
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1924 immigration Act
strict quota + ban other asian countries -
The Great Depression = New Deal