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Chalkboard
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Invention of the Chalkboard
A math teacher named George Baron created and used the first chalkboard at West Point military academy. At this point, it was made from pine, egg whites, and potatoes. The creation of this was a major step in literacy education. -
Credited Inventor
Although it was said West Point had the first chalkboard, historians often credit James Pillans, a Scottish scholar and educational reformer. He was also the inventor of colored chalk. -
Jean Piaget
Piaget accepted a chair in the International Bureau of Education in 1930 and stayed there until 1970. During his time he was an advocate for active learning in schools. Such as using chalkboards as a class, instead of just reading what the teacher writes. -
Renaming from "Blackboard" to "Chalkboard"
Up until this point the term "chalkboard" had not been used but instead the term "blackboard". The reason for this change was that there was a new process for making these boards using porcelain and steel. Because of this change, the boards could be any color, so the name changed -
ESEA
The Elementary and Secondary Act is a federal law enacted in 1965 by President Lyndon Baines Johnson to provide funding for public and private education. In this act, the government provided textbooks, chalkboards/whiteboards, and other resources. -
Marie Mildred Clay
Irwin was an educator and researcher on children's literacy. She found that children who play and write with educational tools learn better than those who are just spoken to. An example of this would be individual boards for students to write on themselves. In 1966 she completed her doctoral thesis on this idea and named it "Emergent Reading Behaviour". -
Downfall of Chalkboards
During this time business offices have begun to switch from chalkboards to whiteboards. They are plastic and used with dry-erase markers. The switch from chalk to dry-erase marker resulted in better understanding and higher scores in classes. -
White Boards in Schools
By the late 1990s a little more than 20% of schools in America had switched from chalkboards to whiteboards. -
NCLB
The No Child Left Behind Act, promoted by George W. Bush, issued federal funding to all disadvantaged schools to promote student learning and achievement. This money was often used for supplies such as newer books, and boards.