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Timeline of Canadian History
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Halifax Gazette
Notable Events: Canada's first newspaper the Halifax Gazette is established -
Lunenberg is found
Colonies & Settlements: The town of Lunenberg is founded by groups of protestant colonists from Germany, Switzerland, and the Montbeliard region of France. Lunenberg is located in present day Nova Scotia. It was named after Duke of Braunschweig-Luneburg, King of England in 1727. -
Expulsion of the Acadians
Notable Events: The Acadians, who reside in the French colony of Acadia were forced to leave because they were unwilling to take an oath of allegiance to the British. -
Seven Years War
Wars & Battles: Sometimes referred to as the "French Indian War", the Seven Years War began when the French and First Nations fought against British colonists. The war later spread to other parts of the world including Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Caribbean. It resulted in the signing of the Treaty of Paris. Video on Seven Years War: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0qbzNHmfW0 -
First Legislative Assembly
Provincial Notes: The first elected legislative assembly is founded in Halifax, Nova Scotia. -
Battle of the Plains of Abraham
Wars & Battles: An important part of the Seven Years War, this battle was fought between the British (led by James Wolfe) and the French (led by Marquis de Montcalm). It resulted in the death of both commanders and the French losing control over Nouvelle-France -
Treaty of Paris
Document Acts & Treaties: The Seven Years War concluded with the signing of this treaty. The main agreements were made about land ownership. Spain gained the French colony of Louisiana, the British gained Florida and most importantly the French lost Nouvelle-France (except the 2 islands of St. Pierre and Milquelon) to the British. -
Pontiac's Resistance
Wars & Battles: Odawa First Nations war chief, Pontiac, was fed up with his people being mistreated by the British after the Battle of the Plains of Abraham. First Nations from the Great Lakes region came together to fight against the British. Their fight proved to be successful as they were able to conquer 9 out of 12 British colonies as well as begin peace talks with the British -
Royal Proclaimation
Document Acts & Treaties: This document ensured that there were set boundaries between First Nations lands and British colonies. This act served as an policy of assimilation for the French people residing in Canada. French civil law came to an end, Roman Catholics were forbidden from taking office and influx of British soldiers settled in Quebec in order to assimilate the French population. -
First Canadian Novel
Notable Events: The first Canadian novel, titled "The History of Emily Montague" by Frances Brooke is published -
P.E.I becomes a separate colony
Colonies and Settlements: Prior to 1769, P.E.I. and Newfoundland were regarded as a single entity. However in 1769, the British deemed it a separate colony. -
Quebec Act
Document Acts & Treaties: This act invalidated the previous Royal Proclaimation. It was an act of accommodation. It provided Quebec with more land as well as assured the French language rights and allowed some Roman Catholics to take roles in government. It also allowed the French to retain its French civil law. -
Start of American Revolution
Notable Events: Starting in 1775 and ending in 1782, the American Revolution was a pivotal moment in American as well as Canadian history. The 13 colonies decided to rebel against the British. During the revolution, Canada was invaded by the rebels. The American Revolution resulted in 13 colonies being freed from British rule as well as a wave of migration to Canada from Loyalists residing in these colonies -
Exploration of British Columbia
Exploration Discovery: British explorer James Cook explores the modern day province of British Columbia and claims it for the British. -
Creation of North West Company
Notable Events: Created in order to halt the advances by the Hudson Bay Company, the North West Company was a fur trade business, originating in Montreal. The company had many well known share holders including Alexander Mackenzie and Simon Fraser -
Treaty of Paris
Document Acts & Treaties: The signing of this treaty did not only end the American Revolutionary War but also created boundaries between British colonies in North America and the now independent American colonies. -
Loyalist Migrations
Colonies & Settlements: After the American Revolutionary War, many loyalists, or those who were loyal to the British Empire remained in the independent American colonies. Thousands of Loyalists immigrated to British North America as well as other British colonies . -
New Brunswick deemed separate colony
Provincial Notes: Due to an influx of loyalists in the Nova Scotia region, New Brunswick, as well as Cape Breton were seperated from Nova Scotia and became separate colonies -
Nootka Crisis
Notable Events: This crisis showcased the land disputes between the British and the Spanish. Events in this crisis took place at Nootka Sound (located in modern day British Columbia). The situation was resolved during the Nootka Convention of 1790 -
Constitutional Act
Document Acts & Treaties: Due to the migration of Loyalists to British North America, the population grew, and especially in Quebec, the English speaking population grew. The constitutional act split Quebec into 2 parts: Lower Canada and Upper Canada in order to have separate laws and languages in each region for the language group residing there. Lower Canada housed the French speaking population while the Loyalists were situated in Upper Canada -
Alexander Mackenzie reaches Rockies
Exploration Discovery: On his second journey, Scottish explorer Alexander Mackenzie was able to cross the Rocky Mountain region as well as reaching the Pacific coast -
Spanish give up claims to Vancouver
Colonies & Settlements: After the third convention of the Nootka crisis, the Spanish dismissed its claims to the Island of Vancouver and George Vancouver took over -
Jay's Treaty
Document Acts & Treaties: Signed between the United States and Britain, this treaty granted First Nations people the right to travel freely from the United States and British North America (and vice versa). It also increased trade between the two nations due to its "preferential trading" clause. -
McIntosh apple discovered
Provincial Notes: Although McIntosh apples are very popular today, it wasn't until 1796 that they were discovered in Ontario. They were discovered (and named after) John McIntosh, an American residing in Canada -
Île Saint-Jean renamed
Provincial Notes: Île Saint-Jean is renamed to Prince Edward Island. It is done in order to honor Prince Edward, the father of Queen Victoria. -
Red River carts make their first appearance
Notable Events: The red river cart was an essential creation for travelling. It was used not only by the fur traders but the settlers and Metis as well. They were often made from wood and could carry either people or objects -
First paper mill in Canada
Provincial Notes: The first paper mill in Canada was built in St. Andrews, Argenteuil County, Quebec. It was built by Walter Ware and Benjamin Wale, who came from New England. (Image is of the site of the paper mill) -
Slave trade aboloshed in all British colonies
Colonies & Settlements: An act called "Act for the Abolition of the Slave Trade" ended slave trade in all British colonies. This act didn't prohibit slavery, rather it stopped the trading of slaves. Despite this, the British colonies of Canada were already ahead. Laws passed freed slaves in Upper Canada as well as prohibited the importation of slaves into Upper Canada -
Exploration of Fraser River
Exploration Discovery: Although the Fraser River was first reached by Alexander Mackenzie, it was first explored by Simon Fraser. Before his exploration, there was uncertanity if this river was part of the Columbia River. However after this expedition, Fraser was able to confirm that it was not part of the Columbia River. The river was named after Fraser by a fellow explorer, David Thompson -
War of 1812
Wars & Battles: Fought between the Americans and British (and their colonies including Canada), the war began with the invasion of Canada by American General William Hull. The war included prominent events such as the Burning of the White House as well as many battles. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qMXqg2PKJZU -
First Nations join the British in the War of 1812
Notable Events: Though coming from America, Tecumseh, leader of the Shawnee First Nation united First Nations forces to join with the British and fight against the Americans in the War of 1812. Tecumseh lost his life during the Battle of the Thames in the War of 1812 -
Pemmican Proclaimation
Document Acts & Treaties: Passed by the govenor of the Red River Colony, the Pemmican Proclaimation banned exportation of food, mainly pemmican from the Red River. This caused the Metis and NWC to become angry as the NWC relied on the Metis for pemmican. This was done to ensure that immigrants settling in the colony had enough food as they have gone through shortages before. -
Treaty of Ghent
Document Acts & Treaties: This treaty ended the War of 1812. Signed by the British and Americans in Ghent, Belgium, the treaty included a "status quo ante bellum". This means that all land conquests achieved were forgotten and that the borders went back to what they were prior to the war. -
Birth of John A. Macdonald
Governors & Prime Minsters: Future Prime Minster of Canada, John A. Macdonald was born in Glasglow, Scotland. -
Border defined between U.S and Canada
Notable Events: The boundary was set at the 49th parallel and was from the Lake of the Woods to the Rockies. This boudary was decided through the Anglo-American Convention -
Merger between HBC and NWC
Notable Events: Though they competed during the years in the fur trade industry, in 1821, Hudson's Bay Company and the North West Company came together due to decreasing profits and financial struggles. The two companies become one under the name of the Hudson's Bay Company -
Last expedition into finding Northwest Passage through Lancaster
Exploration Discovery: Sir William Edward Parry, Brtish explorer led his last expedition to find a Northwest passage through Lancaster. Previously in the late 1810's to the early 1820's, he had led successful explorations into finding a Northwest passage. However this expedition proved to be unsuccessful. -
Cape Breton and Nova Scotia reunited
Provinical Notes: After the separation of Cape Breton and Nova Scotia due to the loyalist immigration (1784), they were once again united -
Land bought from Canada
Colonies & Settlements: Scotsman John Galt a member of the Canada Company, purchased amounts of land in Canada to sell to "prospective colonists ". -
Cholera Epidemic
Provinicial Notes: In the 1830's, Canada was experiencing a wave of immigration from Britain. In 1832, sick immigrants from Ireland arrived in Lower Canada. It was from that point that cholera spread. The outbreak resulted in roughly 9000 deaths -
Ninety-Two Resolutions
Document Acts & Treaties: This was a list of grievances from Louis-Joseph Papineau, and the Patriotes located in Lower Canada. This list was sent to London in hope that change would occur. They wanted more independence in their government as well as equality to the British parliament -
Slavery Abolition Act takes effect
Document Acts & Treaties: This act formally ended all slavery in colonies of the British Empire. Under this, at least 800,000 slaves were freed, mainly the Caribbean and South Africa but there was small amount in Canada as well. Although the act was established in 1833, it took effect in 1834. -
First railroad in Canada opens
Notable Events: The first public railroad in Canada opened in La Prairie, Quebec. The train which travelled on the railroad was a wood-burning steam locomotive. -
Rebellions of 1837
Wars & Battles: Rebellions out broke in both of the Lower and Upper Canada colonies against the British. Groups of reformers grew in both regions, with William Lyon Mackenzie leading the reformers in Upper Canada, while Louis-Joseph Papineau led the reformers (or Patriotes) in Lower Canada. The rebellions lasted until December of the following year. -
Act of Union
Document Acts & Treaties: In 1838, Lord Durham released a report and in it he suggested that Upper and Lower Canada should be united. Acting on his reccomendation, the British parliament passed the Act of Union in 1840 and it was officially announced on February 10, 1841. The colonies of Upper Canada and Lower Canada were united and became the Province of Canada. Lower Canada became Canada East and Upper Canada became Canada West. -
Sir John Franklin's last expedition
Exploration Discovery: British arctic explorer Sir John Franklin, took his last expedition to find a Northwest passage. This expedition proved to be disastrous with all aboard losing their lives. -
Oregon Treaty
Document Acts & Treaties: This treaty established the Canadian-American border as the 49th parallel and extended it to the West Coast -
Canada goes into recession
Notable Events: After the the Corn Laws of the British colonial empire were repealed, Canada's economy suffered. With the Corn Laws, little to no duty fee was placed on grains coming into Britain from British colonies. Canadian grains became more expensive and exports decreased thus putting the country in recession. -
Kerosene discovered
Provincial Notes: Nova Scotia Abraham Gesner invented kerosene which therefore led to the expansion to the modern petroleum industry. -
Montreal Riots
Provincial Notes: After the LaFontaine-Baldwin government decided to pass the Rebellion Losses Bill, which compensated those whose property was damaged during the 1837-38 rebellion, riot broke out This was done by the English speaking as they felt threatened by the influence of French Canadians in government. -
Reciprocity Treaty signed
Document Acts & Treaties: This treaty permitted free trade between the U.S and British North American colonies on timber, grain, coal, livestock and fish. This treaty was shortlived as it was not renewed thus ending in 1866 -
Immigration due to Fraser River gold rush
Provincial Notes: As mining opportunities decreased in California, the short lived gold rush of Fraser River began in 1858. Approximately 30,000 miners relocated to Canada solely for the gold rush. A signficiant amount of Chinese came from California as well. As a result, the colony of British Colubmia was created to deal with the large influx of immigrants -
Colony of British Columbia established
Colonies & Settlements: In 1858, the British parliament passed a law which claimed that British Columbia was now a colony of the British Empire. It was created as a result of the Fraser River gold rush. -
Fraser Canyon War
Wars & Battles: This war was fought between the newly arrived miners and the Nlaka'Pamux Nation near the Fraser River region. The war broke out due to the invasive and rude behaviours of the miners, which the First Nations fell victim to. The war ended in 1859 -
The Great Coalition formed
Notable Events: Though coming from very different stand points, either politically or religiously, John A. Macdonald, George-Étienne Cartier, and George Brown came together to form the Great Coalition. The coalition formed brought together the politics of Canada West and Canada East. The main goal was to united all colonies of British North America. -
Charlottetown Conference
Notable Events: During the Charlottetown Conference, what was discussed was the possible Maritime union between the Atlantic colonies of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. The conference ended without a Maritime union as those present discussed that a union between all the colonies would be more beneficial. -
Raids take place in Canada
Wars and Battles: A group of men from Ireland called the Fenians partake in raids in Canada. The Fenians were formed in 1859. They longed for Ireland's independence and believed they could achieve this by holding colonies of British North America ransom. -
First Prime Minster of Canada
Governors & Prime Minsters: Following Confederation, Sir John A. Macdonald was knighted by Queen Victoria as well as became the first Prime Minster of Canada. He served from 1867–1873 and then again in 1878 until his death in 1891. -
Confederation
Notable Events: This event may be deemed as one of the most, if not the most important event in the history of Canada. It was through Confederation that British North American colonies of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and the Province of Canada were united together and that the modern nation of Canada was formed -
BNA Act comes into effect
Document Acts & Treaties: It was through the BNA act that the Dominion of Canada was formally created. This act also set out the constitution of Canada and the laws which governed it. -
Manitoba Act
Document Acts & Treaties : Canadian parliament passed the Manitoba Act creating Manitoba as Canada's fifth province. It stated that Metis lands would be protected but other lands were considered as property of Dominion of Canada. It also allowed for a dual school system. This meant that there were separate schools for Protestants and Roman Catholics. -
Rupert's Land and North-Western Territory Order
Notable Events: The British Empire added the colonies of North Western Territories and Rupert's Land as part of the Union. Rupert's Land included northern Quebec and Ontario, the entire province of Manitoba, most of Saskatchewan and part of southern Alberta. -
British Colombia joins Canada
Colonies & Settlements : The possibility of the colony of British Columbia joining Canada was debated during the Charlottetown Conference. This did not occur until 1873, due to prior unfavourable terms. -
National Policy Introduced by Macdonald
Governors & Prime Ministers: Prime Minster John A. Macdonald introduced the National Policy which included protective tariffs (tax on imported goods), a transcontinental railway, and more settlements in the West. -
North-West Rebellion
Wars & Battles: This rebellion ws an unsuccessful uprising by Metis people under Louis Riel.It lasted about 5 months and was fought in present day Alberta and Saskatchewan. It resulted in the implantation of laws in the West as well as the execution of Riel. -
Canadian Pacific Railway completed
Notable Events : As a result of Macdonald's National Policy, a railway which connected Canadian citizens from coast to coast was created. The work force behind the railway included the Chinese and Europeans -
Louis Riel’s Execution
Governors & Prime Ministers: Louis Riel was charged with high treason for leading the North West Rebellion. He was a central figure in rebellions of the Red River (1870) as well as the North West (1885) -
The first provincial Premiers' conference
Provincial Notes : The Premier of Ontaio preside this meeting. Host: Quebec -
Manitoba Schools Act
Documents & Treaties: A prominent event in English-French relations, the Manitoba Schools act answered problems in regard to French instruction in schools. The percentage of Roman Catholics decreased, thus it was seen that there was no need for a two school system and funding for Catholic schools was abolished. In 1896, the Laurier-Greenway compromise allowed for French instruction in certain circumstances. -
Sir Wilfrid Laurier becomes Prime Minister
Governors & Prime Ministers : Wilfred Laurier became the first French Canadian Prime Minister (Liberal) in 1896 by defeating the Conservatives. Throughout his career he sought to improve French and English relations.. The provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan were established under his time as well as the territory of Yukon -
Sifton Encourages Immigration
Colonies & Settlements :Clifford Sifton, Minister of the Interior under Sir Wilfrid Laurier, encouraged massive immigration to Canada.This was done in order to strengthen the economy of the country.This resulted in thousands of Europeans immigrating to Canada. -
Yukon is made into a territory.
Provincial Notes: Yukon was orginally part of the Northwest Territories. Due to the "influx of miners" during the Klondike Gold Rush, the territory of Yukon was created -
Boer War
Wars & Battles :Deemed as Canada's first international war, Canadian forces were sent by Laurier to aid the British. It was fought against the Afrikaner (Boer) Republics of Transvaal and the Orange Free State. 270 Canadians lost their lives during the Boer War -
Alberta and Saskatchewan become provinces
Provincial Notes: After receiving royal assent on July 20th, Saskatchewan and Alberta became the 8th and 9th provinces to enter the Confederation. These provinces were originally part of Rupert's Land. -
Amundsen Completes Passage
Exploration Discovery : Roald Amundsen from Norway, and his crew navigate through the Northwest Passage. They are accredited as the first to do so. Through history, the search for a Northwest Passage was highly revered. -
Royal Canadian Navy formed
Notable Events: The Royal Canadian Navy was created through the Naval Service Act. Four years after its existence, it was put to the test with the beginning of WWI -
WWI Begins
Wars & Battles: The spark, the assasination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, led to a full-out war, which many thought would be quick. Canada joined the effort due to their ties to the British. There several battles, including the Battle at Vimy Ridge, where the actions of Canadians are admired, even to this day. -
Military Service Act
Document Acts & Treaties: This act was introduced by the Prime Minister, Sir Robert Borden. It allowed the conscription of men since at the time, Canada was lacking volunteers. -
Wartime Elections Act
Documents Act & Treaties: Through this act, several women won the vote, given that males in their family (i.e son, father, husband) went off to war. This was introduced by Sir Robert Borden and he had ulterior motives. If he gave women the right to vote, they would most likely support him in the next election, thus gaining him more supporters. -
Halifax Explosion
Notable Events : Collision between a French cargo ship and a Belgian relief ship resulted in the deaths of 1600 people and injured were more tham 9000. This is considered one of the worst disasters in Canada. -
Mackenzie King and the Liberals win federal election
Governors & Prime Ministers :A federal election was held to choose members for 14th parliment of Canada. Mackenzie King became the 10th Prime Minister of Canada. He was the Prime Minister during the WW2 and under his leadership, Canada fought an effective war. -
Labrador is confirmed as a part of Newfoundland
Provincial Notes : Prior debate about the possesion of Labrador had occured and continued unitl 1927. British privy council officially confirmed it belonged to Newfoundland and not Quebec. -
Amendment made to Indian Act
Documents Acts & Treaties : The Indian Act defined the First Nations as well as restricted them. The amendment to the Indian Act prevented the First Nations from raising money or hiring lawyers to advance land claims. -
The Great Depression
Notable Events: The Stock Market Crash of 1929 was the cause of Great Depression. It had disastrous effects on many living in Western countries such as Canada and the United States. This led to increase of unemployed and/or homeless Canadians. -
First woman appointed to the Senate
Governors & Prime Ministers: Cairine Reay Wilson became the first woman in Canada to be appointed to the Senate. She was named to the position by Prime Minister Mackenzie King. She was recognized for her "dedication to causes such as supporting refugees and the League of Nations". -
Statute of Westminster Passed
Document Acts & Treaties: Through this statute. the Canadian constitution as well as those of other commonwealth countries, "were no longer subordinate to Britain's constitution". It provided Canada with mode independence -
Duplessis become the premier of Quebec
Provincial Notes : Maurice Duplessis served as a premier from 1936 to 1939 and from 1944 to 1959. He is significant for restoring French language, monuments, buildings, and culture. He won the hearts of the Quebecois by supporting farmers. -
Canada Declares War on Germany
Notable Events : Prime Minister King got the approval for war on Germany by King George VI. Mackenzie promised only volunteers would serve overseas. Even though Canada was not fully prepared for the war, Canada carried out a crucial role in the battle of the Atlantic and the air war over Germany, -
Parliament passes the controversial National Resources Mobilization Act
Documents Acts & Treaties : The act allowed conscription for military service only within Canada. -
D- Day
Wars & Battles : D-Day is military term that represent a special day that a specific operation was initiated. The most famous D- day happned during the WW2 which Allied forces invaded Northern France by means of beach landings in Normandy. -
Newfoundland Becomes Province
Provincial Notes : Newfoundland was introduced as a territory by the end of the 1500s by England. Although Newfoundland participated in Quebec Conference they did not join Confederation. Many people wanted to remain as a Britain colony but after the vote Newfoundlanders decided to join Canada by just a few votes. Newfoundland was the 10th province to join Confederation. On 2001, Province's name was oficially changed as Newfoundland and Labrador. -
Canada joins NATO
Notable Events : The North Atlantic Treaty was signed in Washington to promote the stability of the North Atlantic area and to safeguard the freedom of its people. Canada has been member of this political and military alliance since the begining of the organization. -
Korean War
Wars & Battles : The war between North and South Korea. Canadians volunteered for the military service in Korean War and more than 26,000 Canadians served in the Korean War. They served under the United States' command. Canada’s military contribution was larger, in proportion to its population, unlike other UN participants. -
Worst inland storm in Canada
Provincial Notes: A hurricane in Toronto was with 178 milimeters of rain causing death of 83 people and destroying many homes and 20 bridges in western Toronto. -
The Canadian Labour Congress is formed.
Governors & Prime Ministers: The CLC is a national union, created through the merger of the Trades and Labour Congress of Canada and the Canadian Congress of Labour. It covers both national unions and international unions that are Canadian branches of unions based in the United States. -
St Lawrence Seaway Formally Opened
Notable Events : The seaway was opened to commercial shipping after Queen Elizabeth II and President Eisenhower dedicate it on June 26. It provided transportation for vessels travelling from Lake Superior to Montréal. -
The Quiet Revolution
Provincial Notes : The Quiet Revelution was the time that Quebec had to went through a rapid change. After the death of Duplessis, Liberal government was elected in 1960's and they took control over the hydro-electric power in the province, nationalized industry and services, legislated rights for the French Canadians. -
The Trans- Canada Highway opens
Notable Events : The Trans-Canada Highway is a federal -provincial highway system that travels through all ten provinces of Canada between its Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean coasts to the west and east respectively. The Trans-Canada Highway was officially opened by the Prime Miniser John Diefenbaker. -
New Flag Adopted
Documents Acts and Treaties : Queen Elizebeth signed the royal proclamation on 28th January and the new flag, with its red maple leaf and side bars, flew officially for the first time on 15 February 1965. -
Pierre Elliott Trudeau succeeds as the as prime minister
Governors & Prime Ministers : Pierre Trudeau became the 15th prime minister of Canada. Under Trudeau, French Canadians achieved a greater place within the party and the government of Canada than ever before. Under Trudeau's power the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms was introduced in 1982. -
October Crisis
Notable Event : The crisis involved the kidnapping and murder of Pierre Laporte, a provincial cabinet minister, and the kidnapping and subsequent release of James Cross, a British diplomat, by members of the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ). -
The War Measures Act is invoked
Documents Acts & Treaties : Kidnapping and murder of Pierre Laporte and kidnapping of James Cross led to Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau to invoke the first peacetime use of the War Measure Act in Canada's history. -
The election of the provincial separatist Party Quebecois
Governors and Prime Ministers : Parti Québécois is the provincial political party in Quebec in Canada. The PQ goal is to independence of the province of Quebec from Canada and establishing a sovereign state. The PQ was elected as the first time to form the government of Quebec. -
unilingual legislatures in Manitoba and Québec.
Provincial Notes : The Supreme Court of Canada declares unconstitutional the creation of officially unilingual legislatures in Manitoba and Québec -
The Referendum on Sovereignty – Association
Provincial Notes- The 1980 Quebec referendum was the first referendum in Quebec on the place of Quebec within Canada and whether Quebec should pursue a path toward sovereignty. -
Meech Lake Accord is put forward and collapses
Documents acts and treaties : Meech Lake Accord is a set of failed of constitutional amendments which was designed to bring Quebec back into the constitution. -
The Free Trade Agreement between Canada and the US
Notable events : A Federal election was faught over the issue of free trade ( The free trade agreement between Canada and the United States) and finally came into effect in 1989.It phased out a wide range of trade restrictions in stages over a ten-year period. -
Oka Crisis
Notable event : The Oka Crisis started on July 11, 1990 and lasted until September 26, 1990. The crisis was a land dispute between group of Mohavak people and police and army. Dispute was caused due to the building of a golf course which enfringed on Mohawk burial grounds. -
Persian Gulf War
Wars and Battles: Saddam Hussain ordered the invasion of Kuwait for the country’s large oil reserves, to cancel Iraq’s debt owed for Kuwait and to expand Iraqi power. The war involved 39 nations including the Canada, United States, Britain, Egypt, France, and Saudi Arabia. More than 4000 Canadians served in this war at warships, field hospitals or in CF-18 fighter-bombers. Iraq was defeated by allies and Saddam Hussain was killed in 2003 for keeping mass destructive weapons. -
The Charlottetown Referendum Accord Referendum
Documents acts and Treaties : The Charlottetown Accord is a attempt to make Quebec agree to the constitution of 1982. It was an attempt by the government of Prime Minister Brian Mulroney. -
The Quebec Referendum
Provincial Notes : This is the second Referendum to ask Quebec voters whether they want to seperate from Canada.The result of the referudum stated "No" option by 50.58%.
