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Period: Jul 27, 1500 to
Offcial power and contervailing power
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Dec 17, 1500
First occupants
They have no offcial leadership But tsociety roles gave a difference in power of the groups iroquois was a Matriarchy leadership and decision makeing was made by a woman for Algonkians it was Patriarchy fathers played the leadership role -
Period: Dec 19, 1500 to
First occupants
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Power relations between Amerindians and the colonial administrators
alliances were made to get fur
french was with the Hurons, they lost their land and alot of people to the to the Iroquois
English was with the iroquois
comtion was worst when the dutch came
French now have to find new places to get fur so the coureur (people who travel deep to get fur) was born -
Period: to
French Regime
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Royal goverment
The king new france put this in place to
the king and the minster of marine stayed in new france
Governer was commander of army and dealer of extrenal affairs
intentant was most influential he was the chief administrator and controlled the budget
the bishop controlled the priests, hospitals, schools and charites
the Captain of Militia dealt with issues on seigneuries -
Great peace of montreal
or called the Grand settlement of 1701
new franch and a group of Nation representatives ailied that day for trading until war starts -
Power relations bettween the church and state
they had political power since they were in the sovveregn council
Priests in charge of parishes
Priests working as missionaries
Nuns working in hospitals -
Power relation between the colony and the mother country
Absolute monarchy: The king Louis the 14 named administrators of the colony and can still reverse any decisions he make to Canada -
Life in new france
Settlers had working but happy life and self depentant since France was worst
they had their own way of life
since their was distance from France
and influents of native way of life -
Articles of Capitulation
these were the terms Britian gave to the frence when they won
1. The French Militia could return home, no one would lose their property
2. The French Regular military would lay down their arms and leave.
3. The people could practice the R.C. religion, but the Bishop would have to leave.
4. The people who stayed would become British Subjects.
only the rich left since they had the monet -
Period: to
British Rule
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Treaty of paris
7 year war ends
all terri know is given to the King of England
two islands where left for fishing reasons( St.pierre, Miquelon) -
Royal Proclamtion
the colony is called the province of Quebec
decreases the border of Quebec
The King appointed a Governor who then appointed members of an Executive Council to advise him.
English Criminal and Civil laws were applied
this was put the assimilate the french
no new bishop
no Roman Catholics could be in offices to keep the frence out -
Quebec act
Birtain wanted the frenchto be happy to they don't side with the french
they enlarge Quebec
denied an assembly
Appointed council
French civil laws were given back
Test act Oath made sure the french could go to office -
Difficulties of the first Governors
the french were 99 percent of the population so James murray to bend the rules to make people not the rebel
he gave a new Bishop
french lwas in lower courts
He did not call an elected assembly because it would favor the English Merchants
the english mercants opposed to this and got Guy Carleton who made sure the french like them so they had their loyal to the Americans who wanted independence -
Why the Americans where unhappy
13 colonies were unhappy because they had fought to gain they wanted to control of the Ohio Valley however it was denied to them. even though they fought for it
British merchants wanted an elected assembly
The Canadians were fearful of the Proclamation
They were scared of a possible elected assembly
Uneasy about lack of guarantees to their religion -
The Constitutional Act
the provice was spilt in two
lower canada was for alll the french
and upper canda for all the Loyalists
they could keep what they want on each side
like laws twonship systems and English civil laws -
meanwhile in the states
American needed the Birtian protection from the french
they wanted expansion
since tradeing with the french was a thing they made strict control on trade
so a war happend (not really important)
But loyalste cames to Quebec and they changed everything -
What the loyalists did
now the Population changed to 10 percent
the Loyalist like the township system, English civils laws and elected assembiles
the Loyalist told they wanted their way of life in Quebec so they sended lettres to London -
Representative Goverment
each Canda had
lieutenant Governer acted as deputy governer
Executive conucil advised Governer
legislative Council approves or reject laws
Lwgilative Assemblyhad the power of approve taxes and created laws
people had a say in the goverment
a Governer ruled both he had veto power -
Faults in Representative Government
the assembly had the power to make laws and approve taxes but the Council had veto power
the Council wanted to make money in investments but the assembly didn't want to invest in something that didn't help them
also lauguge problems came too -
The 92 Resolutions
leader of the patrotes was Josph Papuneau gave 92 Resolution to the problems manly Responsible Goverment
10 Resolution was given back not solving any prpblems and gave more power to the Council
so they Rebeled -
The Rebllions
the British party and the Parti canadian were no negotiaing so nothing was done
Patriotes made a solution to rebel
they were issues of bad weather
people wanted a elected assembly
and jobs were getting scares with the immigrations -
Lord Durham’s Recommendations:
When the french lost Lord Durham came in to find out what to do of the situation
he said to increase immigration of Birrtish to Assimilate the french
the Canada should unit since english had the majority
veto power should be eliminated -
Act of Union
Created the Provice of quebec a combination of Canda East ans West
Canada east and west both bath the same reprisentatives
Governor had veto power but was slowly changed over time by lord Elgin
the Candas shared the same debts
now people elect the Leg Assembly
the prime minster propose law though the Assembly -
Influents of Church
after 1837 they were powerful they had the cures
they controled births marriages and deaths
they controlled education and other reiligous activies
and the Protestamts were divides -
The Quebec Conference
the same people made 72 resolution to make the merge possible
a ferderal goverment
24 seats each house
Assembly elected by “rep by pop”
a railway from the colonys
some didn't like the idea like Nfld and PEI
Dorion's parti apposed the idea
but it somehow made it though -
the Charlottetown Conference
leaders of both canadas meet with the maritimes provinces
in this meeting they want to merge -
Period: to
Contemporary Period
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The London Conference
The Dominion of Canda was made by 4 colonyes to become self-governing
Canada came at 1867 with Ontario Quebec new brunwick and nova sociat
the ferderal goverment had the reposiblities of defense, bank postal service and crime laws and provical of education insitution, hospitals and civil rights
immigration and agriculture was shared -
Power relations between feminist movements and the state:
the start of the National council of Women action of the suffragettes
the election of woman in the Assembly in Quebec like Marie-claire
ending the legal incapacity of married women
laws to pay equity is adopted -
Maurice Duplessis
Duplessie loves the rural life since people there had tradional values he wanted agrculture to be the powerhouse in Quebec
Duplessie was accuse of not putting interset in quebec workers
some people like Pierre Elliott Trudeau and René Lévesque didn't like Duplessie way of life -
the Quiet Revolution
this is when Quebec did a rapid process of social , economic and political reform in Quebec
it started when Jean Lesage and his Liberal Party won againt the union Nationale
they moved forward by the goverment a major economic force increaseing education and separation of church and stat -
Power relations between financial circles and the state
they involed of businessmen in politics and acces to law for their companies
funding od certain companies by the goverment
to 1960 they control certain companies like hydro-Quebec and they recognize the rights of employees
