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Formation of an independent Italy
Photo Justification: This photo shows the land that became Italy after its unificaiton -
Papal States taken over by new nation of Italy
Photo Justification: This map highlights the papal states, showing the significant amount of land gained by annexing them. -
Failure of the first Italo-Ethiopian War with the Battle of Adwa
Photo Justification: This depiction of the Battle of Adwa shows how the Ethiopians successfully thwarted Italy. -
Italy invades and takes over Libya
Photo Justification: This depiction of Italian’s invasion of Libya and the creation of a colonial empire shows the power Italy gained. -
Mussolini Begins work as editor for the socialist Party newspaper Avanti!
Photo Justification: This is an example of the newspaper that Mussolini edited. -
Mussolini kicked out of the Socialist Party for pro-nationalistic sentiments regarding WWI
Photo Justification: Il Popolo d’Italia is the paper that Mussolini wrote that shows his support of the war and caused his explusion from the Socialist party. -
Treaty of London
Photo Justification: This map shows the land that Italy was promised in the Treaty of London. -
Beginning of Biennio Rosso
Photo Justification: This image shows the chaos and conflict that happened during the red years. -
Fascio di Combattimento formed in Milan
This is the symbol created to represent fascism because of the root word ‘fascio’ which translates to ‘bundles’ the key symbol of the Fascists being represented on their flag. -
D'Annunzio takes Fiume
This picture shows a map of Italy in relation to Fiume and the countries around them, showing how this event was significantly dangerous to Italy and causing future land disputes -
Mussolini forms the PNF (Fascist Party) and is elected its leader
This photo is significant because it is the symbol used to represent Mussolini’s fascist party with the acronym and carried the same ‘bundles’ symbolism from the previous symbol. -
Mussolini forms Alliance with Giolitti
This photo is significant in representing the event because it is a portrait of Giolitti, a significant figure in giving Mussolini his political power and the other half of the named alliance. -
Battle for Births
Propaganda to increase the birth rate in Italy Photo: A photo of a nurse taking care of a lot of babies due to the increase of birthrates to boost the population. -
Battle for the Lira
An economic policy to try and have Italy be a greater power photo: Propaganda made during the period to show the change in time and the how much more unified the Italians looked compared to the French. -
March on Rome and Mussolini becomes Prime Minister
This photo is significant because it is a portrait of King Emmanual III who gave the prime minister position to him to stop the events of march on Rome, giving Mussolini the power within the government that he needed to complete a Fascist takeover. -
Acerbo Law Passed
This photo is significant because it is a headshot of the man that proposed this law and was eventually named after, Baron Acerbo, the man who gave Mussolini the power that he needed to create a one-party system within the Italian government. -
Corfu Incident
This photo is significant because it is portrait of the general that was assassinated in the Corfu incident, Enrico Tellini, causing the attack/invasion from Mussolini on Corfu and showing his violent ways of control. -
• Parliament opposition withdrawals from the Chamber Deputies
Parliament opposition withdrawals from the Chamber Deputies Photo:o This image symbolizes the Parliament opposition withdrawing itself from the Chamber deputies and establish a one-party dictatorship. -
Matteotti Crisis
This photo is significant because it is the headshot of Giacomo Matteotti, the man who revealed the violence ways of Mussolini and was assassinated for it by him, further exposing the violence of fascism and making Mussolini’s secret police force untrusting of him. -
Battle for Grain
A propaganda campaign, led by Mussolini to up the production of wheat and free Italy from “slavery of foreign bread”. Photo: They wanted to make their own bread by producing more wheat so that they wouldn’t be reliant on other countries, therefore becoming stronger. -
Locarno Treaty signed
Post-WWI agreement to guarantee the inviolability between Germany and both France and Belgium and observed Germany’s demilitarized zone Photo: A photo of Stresemann, Sir Chamberlain, and Briand negotiating the terms of the Treaty and creating a compromise. -
Battle for Land
Aims to clear marshland to make it suitable for farming to reduce health risks Photo: A photo of the marshlands, what they wanted to make more accessible for farming to increase production. -
Kellogg-Briand Treaty signed
A treaty to never declare or take part in war unless it’s for self-defense. Photo: The image is meant to illustrate how they aimed for peace amongst the countries who signed the treaty so that there wouldn’t be another war like WWI. -
Abyssinia Crisis
Definition: An international crisis over the town of Walwal between Italy and the Ethiopian Empire, which the League of Nations Ruled against Italy and voted for economic sanctions were applied.
Justification: the picture is of an AMerican headline about Italy fighting the League of Nations about the Walwal confilct, showing ALlied perspective of the conflict. -
Stresa Front
A diplomatic agreement to resist German expansionism. Photo: A map that shows the countries – France, Italy, the United Kingdom, and Nazi Germany – and the territories that were affected by the agreement. -
Italian involvement with Spanish Civil War
Definition: Italy supplies 70,000 men to Spain to work against the Second Spanish Republic in the Spanish Civil war to expand the Fascist sphere of influence.
Justification: Republican propaganda poster saying “The Claw of the italian invader intends to enslave us” showing Spanish attitudes at the time that italy invades Spain. -
Munich Conference
Definition: an agreement between Germany, France, UK, and italy for the annexation of Czechoslovakia to Germany.
Justification: The leaders of UK, France, Italy, and Germany at the conference deciding the fate of Czechoslovakia without Czechoslovakian leaders involved in the terms. -
Italy invades Albania
Definition: Italian troops invade Albania and the country is soon occupied by Italy for direct control over the country to increase italian prestige and get more land to control for future invasions.
Justification: Troops are entering albania in the photo, showing a large amount of the army invading ALbania. -
Rome-Berlin Axis Treaty Signed
Definition: formal treaty between italy and germany to unite the two countries and their goals of world domination through fascism.
Justification: Picture of Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler together after signing the treaty, showing their connection and ties as they unite their goals. -
Italy enters WWII on side germany
Definition: Italy joins Germany’s side for territorial gain when war was virtually over by attacking the French ALps.
Justification: Mussolini and Hitler together with supporters saluting showing public sentiment about the war at the time in their countries. -
Mussolini brought down by coup during WW II
Definition: Mussolini is voted out of power by his own Grand Council and arrested, power is passed to the King
Justification: A headline from a newspaper about how Mussolini was fired and the Key takes control as the war continues, shows public sentiment. -
Mussolini killed
Definition: Mussolini is executed by shot by Walter Audisio, then Mussolini and his wife are taken to Milan in the town square, humiliated and hung upside down.
Justification: The picture is of the Hanging of Mussolini and his wife in the Milan town square as people jeer at them, showing the public sentiment and turning tides against them. -
Lateran Treaty with Pope
Between Vatican and Italy to balance religious and political interests. Photo: a. A photo of a scale and gavel with a Bible to symbolize how the Church and Politics are being intertwined in Italy