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Cabeza de Vaca shipwrecked on island near Galveston and was the first to encounter the Karankawa.
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The Apache migrated to Texas from Canada around this time.
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Cabeza de Vaca was shipwrecked among them and lived with them for several years
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Jan 12th - Gustav I of Sweden crowned king of Sweden.
Jan 22nd - England & France declare war on Emperor Charles V
Feb 12th - Treaty of Dordrecht between emperor & ecclesiastical power
Feb 24th - Hungarian anti-king Janos Zapolyai & Sultan Suleiman signs treaty
Mar 5th - Utrecht governor Maarten van Rossum plunders The Hague
May 1st - Pánfilo the Narváez begins exploration to with 350 men to Florida
Jun 30th - Burgundy army occupies Utrecht -
Nuño de Guzman, the Spanish Governor of Nuevo Galacia, conducted slave raiding expeditions against the Indians of northwestern Mexico.
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The Caddos were farmers that lived in the piney woods to the foothills of the Ozark mountains near the caddo river they first encountered Europeans in 1541
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Spanish 1st recorded encountered Jumano in 1581
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Many Spanish Explorers explored areas of New Mexico inhabited by Tigua erupting in violence and death.
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the Kickapoo were living in their original homeland way up north in the Michigan area.
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Galileo sees the moons of Jupiter through his telescope
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Pilgrims, after three-month voyage in Mayflower, land at Plymouth Rock. Francis Bacon's Novum Organum.
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Taj Mahal completed
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The Pueblo in New Mexico revolted against the Spanish settlers, causing a move to Texas.
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The Ysleta Mission, founded by the Tigua Indians in 1682, is the oldest parish in the State of Texas.
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René Robert Cavelier - est. Ft. Saint Louis in hear of the Karankawa’s territory
-the Karankawa killed all but 6 children -
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-arrived in NM and the Texas panhandle area
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-secured land extending to the modern Kerville area (near Austin)
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Spanish found the Apache in the Texas Hill Country.
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-defeated the Apache, forcing them further south and securing more of the plains of Texas
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failed attempt by Spanish missionaries to convert the Karankawa to Christianity
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Apache were locaated in the Texas Hill Country until they were pushed out by the Comanche.
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Boston Massacre occured.
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Kickapoo were granted land by the King of Spain; this land in the northern part of Spanish Territory of Mexico later became Texas
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-began trading with Europeans out of NM
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Napoleon conquers Italy, firmly establishes himself as First Consul in France.
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Alabama Coushatta as separate tribes they lived near present day Alabama; Spanish explores started to come onto their land and they began to move west in 1807; the Coushatta settled on the Trinity River and soon after the Alabama tribe settled on the Neches River
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Kickapoo bands settled in Missouri.
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Most of the Kickapoo moved to Kansas and Texas
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remaining Karankawa moved to Mexico
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pushed back into Texas
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Herman Melville wrote Moby Dick
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-members of last remaining Karankawa band killed by Texans
-survived 300 years of European contact, to be killed off by American colonists -
-Comanche emerge as distinct group, broke off from the Shoshone tribe in WY
-Received horses from the Pueblo Indians. -US govt began forcing the Comanche onto reservation
-Began their migration south -
Geronimo – famous leader of the Mescalero Apache – lead a famous raid in southern New Mexico and far west Texas
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The Guadalupe Salt Flats were taken from the Tigua, causing them to have to rely on other means of survival.
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Because of the loss of independence, the Tigua had to become workers relying on others for survival.
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There were two chiefs, one woman and one man.
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The Tigua tribe was federally recognized and trusteeship of the tribe was given to the state of Texas.
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Kickapoo Traditional Tribe of Texas is federally recognized
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The Trusteeship was given to the Federal Government by the state of Texas.
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Integrated in the workforce and schools, but try to keep traditions alive.
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Apache currently live in the Corpus Christi area.
