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The oldest surviving manuscript of "Beowulf" dates from this period
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Old English epic poem "Beowulf" composed
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The Venerable Bede writes "The Ecclesiastical History of the English People" (In latin)
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Cædmon's Hymn composed in Old English
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Anglo Saxon language covers most of modern-day England
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Basques (600 BC)
They have their own language
The use of letters X and Z, typical of the Basquet language (-ex, izquierda)
Suffixes (-ueco, -erci, -ueque, -ili, -irri)
Names (Indigo, Garcia, Javier/Xavier) -
The Celts were the first people to bring the concept of underwear (bragas) to the peninsula.
Affixes (-sego, -iego) (Segovia, mujeriego)
550 BC -
The Spanish language originated in the Southwest region of Europe known as the Iberian Peninsula. Sometime before the end of the 6th century BC, the region's first inhabitants, the Iberians, began to mingle with the Celts, a nomadic people from central Europe. The two groups formed a people called the Celtiberians, speaking a form of Celtic.
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Fall of the Roman Empire
Spanish is born as a Romance language from the Latin -
Anglo-Saxon settlements (Angles, Frisians, Saxons and Jutes) of Britain begins
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Earliest Old English inscriptions
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Under Roman rule, in 19 BC, the region became known as Hispania, and its inhabitants learned Latin from traders, administrators, soldiers and other people coming from Rome. These Romans' Latin got mixed up with the languages that had previously been spoken by the Celtiberians, the Carthaginians, and other inhabitants of the región, a new language, referred to as "Vulgar Latin", made its appearance, borrowing words from the other tongues and adding them to its own lexicon.
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Hispania
Germanic and Nomadic invaders competing for land
5th century -
Many Germanic words influenced Spanish as they were assimilated into the Latin used on the continent
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The Visigoths fought for the power
The Visigoth Kingdom vs The Byzantine Kingdom
They were expelled from Gaul -
Moors invasion of Spain
Arab words are brought into Spanish language -
9th century (801-900)
Spanish is known as Castilian, after the dialect from which modern
standard Spanish developed. The dialect arose in Cantabria in the north-central Spain -
Alfred the Great becomes king of Wessex, encourages English prose and translation of Latin works
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The oldest surviving manuscripts in Middle English dates from this period
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Oxford university established
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The creation of a standardized Spanish language based on the Castilian dialect began in the 1200s with King Alfonso X, who was called the King of Castile and Leon. He and his court of scholars adopted the city of Toledo, a cultural center in the central highlands, as the base of their activities. There, scholars wrote original works in Castilian and translated histories, chronicles, and scientific, legal, and literary works from other languages (principally Latin, Greek, and Arabic).
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Cambridge university established
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King Alfonso X declares Spanish as the official language of Spain
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The Statute of Pleading replaces French with English as the language of law (although records continue to be kept in Latin)
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English is used in English Parliament for the first time
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John Wycliffe publishes his English translation of the Bible
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Henry IV becomes the first English speaking monarch since the Conquest
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Both the Castilian and Andalusian dialects made the trip. Castilian was used in administrative and cultural centers such as Mexico City, Mexico; Potosí, Bolivia; and Lima, Peru. These cities retained close links to the Spanish capital of Madrid, which was in the Castile región.
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William Caxton establishes the first English printing press
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Christopher Columbus discovers America
Spanish language is brought to the new world
Words (Tomate, patata, chocolate, cacahuate, cacao, maiz) -
Start of English Renaissance
During the Renaissance, English incorporated many words from Latin via French, from classical Latin (not just church Latin), and Greek. -
Hernan Cortes arrives in Mexico
Spanish language is introduced to the Aztecs -
William Tyndale prints his English translation of the New Testament of the Bibble
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The Great Bible is published
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The kingdoms of Castile and Leon merged with that of Aragon
Castilian became the official language of Spain -
William Shakespeare writes his first plays
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The Authorized or King James version of the Bible is published
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Death of William Shakespeare
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Robert Boyle publishes his great work "The sceptical chemist"
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Samuel Johnson publishes his Dictionary of the English Language
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Jane Austen is born
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The language academies were founded (La Real Academia de la Lengua)
Flood of French words (detalles, jalea, chaqueta, galan, modista, chofer) -
Charles Dickens is born
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Noah Webster publishes his American Dictionary of the English language
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First edition of the Oxford English Dictionary is published
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The end of the Franco dictatorship in Spain (1980’s) marks an explosion in the usage of acronyms (OTAN—which is NATO in English). Many Spanish speakers are using abbreviations (profe/profesor, boli/bolígrafo, uni/universidad) and borrowing pop culture words from English
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Influence of English on Spanish
Words (Ciencia ficcion, gol, escanear,)
Prefixes (-eco, -neo, -bio, -super) -
There are nearly 600 million, which makes Spanish the world’s fourth language (after Chinese, English and Hindi) in terms of speakers
Spanish is the official language of some twenty countries around the world and 1 of the three tongues habitually considered as official working languages by a multitude of international organizations. -
"There are now estimated to be 1.5 billion English speakers globally: 375 million who speak English as their first language, 375 million as a second language and 750 million who speak English as a foreign language
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Cervantes Institute’s annual report, predict that in 2050 there will be around 750 million Spanish speakers, once again counting only the countries where it is an official language. This therefore leaves out the Hispanics in the United States and all those who speak it as a second or third language, who would considerably swell the number if included.
