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476
The fall of Rome
The fall of rome marks the begging of the middle ages. In 476 AD empereror, Romulus Augustulus , is deposed by the barbarian general Odoacer. This event marks the end of one period and the begging of another. -
Period: 476 to Dec 9, 1500
middle ages
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500
Battle of Mons Badonicus
The west saxon advance is stopped by the britons in england. -
535
Gothic War in Italy
Gothic War in Italy as a part of Justinian's Reconquest. -
Dec 13, 633
Battle of Heavenfield.
Northumbrian army under Oswald defeat Welsh army. -
Dec 13, 674
First Arab siege of Constantinople.
First time Islamic armies defeated, stalling Islamic conquest of Europe. -
Jan 25, 750
Beginning of Abbasid Caliphate.
Would become the longest lasting caliphate, until 1519 when conquered and annexed into the Ottoman Empire. -
Dec 16, 1001
Leif Ericson is to settle during the winter in present day Canada at L'Anse aux Meadows.
Ericson is to be the first European to settle in the Americas during the Norse exploration of the Americas. -
Dec 16, 1054
The East-West Schism which divided the church into Western Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy.
Tensions will vary between the Catholic and Orthodox churches throughout the Middle Ages. -
Nov 25, 1066
William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy, invades England and becomes King after the Battle of Hastings.
End of Anglosaxon rule in England and start of Norman lineage. -
Jul 20, 1099
First Crusade
This would lead to the beginning of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, which would last for nearly two centuries; within the era of the Crusades to the Holy Land. -
Sep 8, 1106
Henry I of England defeats his older brother Robert Curthose, duke of Normandy, at the Battle of Tinchebrai
This victory made a later struggle between England and the rising Capetian power in France inevitable. -
Dec 18, 1118
The Knights Templar are founded
Becomes the most recognizable, and impactful military orders during the Crusades. -
Dec 25, 1130
Roger II is crowned King of Sicily, a royal title given him by the Antipope Anacletus II.
This coronation marks the beginning of the Kingdom of Sicily and its Mediterranean empire under the Norman kings, which was able to take on the Holy Roman Empire, the Papacy, and the Byzantine Empire. -
Dec 18, 1147
The Second Crusade
This was the first Crusade to have been led by European kings. -
Aug 7, 1174
King William I of Scotland, captured in the Battle of Alnwick by the English, accepts the feudal lordship of the English crown and does ceremonial allegiance at York.
This is the beginning of the gradual acquisition of Scotland by the English. -
Dec 18, 1189
The Third Crusade
Despite managing to win several major battles, the Crusaders did not recapture Jerusalem. -
Dec 18, 1204
Sack of Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade.
Considered to be the beginning of the decline of the Byzantine Empire. -
Jun 15, 1215
The Magna Carta is sealed by John of England
This marks one of the first times a medieval ruler is forced to accept limits on his power. -
Aug 18, 1227
Genghis Khan dies.
His kingdom is divided among his children and grandchildren: Empire of the Great Khan, Chagatai Khanate, Mongolian Homeland, and the Blue Horde and White Horde. (Which would later become the Golden Horde. -
Dec 18, 1272
Ninth Crusade
Considered to be the Last Major Crusade to take place in the Holy Land. -
Sep 29, 1273
Rudolph 1 of Germany is elected Holy Roman Emperor.
This begins the Habsburg de facto domination of the crown that lasted until is dissolution in 1806. -
Dec 18, 1296
Edward I of England invades Scotland
This starts the first war of scotish independence. -
Dec 18, 1298
Marco Polo publishes his tales of China, along with Rustichello da Pisa.
A key step to the bridging of Asia and Europe in trade. -
Oct 13, 1307
The Knights Templar are rounded up and murdered by Philip the Fair of France, with the backing of the Pope.
Hastens the demise of the order within a decade. -
Dec 18, 1328
The First War of Scottish Independence ends in Scottish victory
With the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton and de jure independence. -
Dec 18, 1337
The Hundred Years' War begins. England and France struggle for a dominating position in Europe and their region.
The war will span through three/four different war periods within a 116 year period. -
Dec 18, 1347
The Black Death ravages Europe
The first of many concurrences of this plague, This was believed to have wiped out as many as 50% of Europe's population by its end. -
Dec 18, 1381
Peasants' Revolt in England.
Quickest-spread revolt in English history -
Oct 25, 1415
Battle of Agincourt. Henry V and his army defeat a numerically superior French army
The turning point in the Hundred Years' War for 15th Century England that lead to the signing of the Treaty of Troyes signed 5 years later, making Henry V heir of France. -
May 30, 1431
Trial and execution of Joan of Arc.
Death of the woman who helped turned the Hundred Years' War in favor of the French over the past two years. -
Dec 18, 1453
The Hundred Years' War ends.
England's once vast territories in France is now reduced to only Calais, which they eventually lose control of as well. -
Dec 18, 1492
Christopher Columbus reaches the New World.
Age of Discovery into the New World begins. -
Jan 9, 1500
The Rennaissance begins
The Reinaissance period begins in Europe. It marks the end of the Middle Ages. The Reinaissance was a term coined by Petrarch which means a rebirth of classical Greek and Roman ideals. -
Second Arab attack on Constantinople
Ending in failure. The combined Byzantine–Bulgarian forces stop the Arab threat in Southeastern Europe. -
Sack of Lindisfarne. Viking attacks on Britain begin.
Considered the beginning of the Viking Age that would span over two centuries, and reach as far south as Hispania and as far east as the Byzantine Empire, and present day Russia. -
Charlemagne is crowned Holy Roman Emperor
With his crowning, Charlemagne's kingdom is officially recognized by the Papacy as the largest in Europe since the fall of the Roman Empire. -
Death of Charlemagne.
Would be a factor towards the splitting of his empire almost 30 years later. -
Muslims invade Sicily.
First encounter of attempts to conquer Byzantine Sicily, until the last Byzantine outpost was conquered in 965. -
Division of Charlemagne's Empire
Sets the stage for the founding of the Holy Roman Empire and France as separate states. -
Arrival of the disciples of Saints Cyril and Methodius in Bulgaria
Creation of the Cyrillic script; in the following decades the country became the cultural and spiritual centre of the whole Eastern Orthodox part of the Slavic World. -
Henry the Fowler, Duke of Saxony elected German King
Henry is considered the founder and first king of the medieval German state. -
Battle of Lechfeld. Otto the Great, son of Henry the Fowler, defeats the Magyars.
This is the defining event that prevents the Hungarians from entering Central Europe. -
Otto the Great crowned the Holy Roman Emperor.
First to be crowned Holy Roman Emperor in nearly 40 years. -
Peace and Truce of God formed.
The first movement of the Catholic Church using spiritual means to limit private war, and the first movement in medieval Europe to control society through non-violent means.
