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Beginning of Middle Ages - Lasts from the 5th to the 15th century.
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spreads to all urban establishments in the Mediterranean Basin
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Byzantines completely conquer Italy
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'Be not sad, Surely ALLAH is with us."
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Prophet Muhammad and his followers start their journey from Mecca to Medina called Hijra. This marks the beginning of the Islamic Calendar.
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Muslims conquer Persia in the Battle of Nehawand
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First Islamic attacks on Constantinople fails
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Muslims invade Spain and it marks the beginning of Muslim rule in Iberian Peninsula
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Franks defeat Islam and forbids it from spreading into Europe.
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French Duke, conquers England in the Battle of Hastings. He becomes King of England.
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The First crusades issued by Pope Urban II, was an attempt to capture the Holy Lands from the Muslims.
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Ghenkis Khan establishes the larget land empire in history by uniting nomadic tribes to conquer large chunks of Central Asia and China. The stretch was as far as Poland, Syria, and Korea. Khan allowed religous freedom, no torture, and created the first international postal system.
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The Magna Carta is instituted by King John. This document gave the people the right to excercise some of their rights and stated that the king was not above the law.
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Frederick II, leader of the sixth crusade, briefly recovers Jerusalem for the Christians by negotiating with the Muslims
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Gregory IX sends Dominican friars to root out the remains of the Catharist heresy in France, thus launching the Inquisition
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Thomas Aquinas begins the outstanding work of medieval scholasticism, his Summa Theologiae
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Marco Polo begins his venture to discover what is now Asia
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Marco Polo is back in Venice after an absence of 25 years in the east
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Islam replaces Christianity as the religion of the kings of Dongola, in present-day Sudan
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European prosperity falters during the fourteenth century, with a run of bad harvests, a decline in trade and - from 1347 - the Black Death
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Philip VI of France confiscates Guienne, a fief belonging to Edward III of England - whose response begins the Hundred Years' War
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Humanism, or the study of classical literature as a living tradition, develops into one of the main strands of the Renaissance
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Guntenberg's invention of the printing press
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Ottoman conquest of Constantinople
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The Gutenberg Bible is printed at Mainz
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Start of the Reformation
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Martin Luther nailed the 95 theses to the door of the church in Wittenberg.
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Luther apperas at the Diet before Charles V to answer charges of heresy.
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Willian Tyndale publishes a translation of the New Testament in English
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St. Ignatius of Loyola started the Jesuits
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Seperation of the Church of England from Rome
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Sir Thmas More executed by order of Henry VIII
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The Jesuits are approved
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Council of Trent is started
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Henry VIII dies
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St. Ignatius of Loyola dies
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The reign of Elizabeth begins
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The Council of Trent ended
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Queen Elizabeth dies
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Becomes king at the age of 15 and manages to unite all Frankish tribes under one rule. Later marries and converts to Catholisicism.
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Unites most of Western Europe. Considered father of French and German monarchies.
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Vikings from Denmark, Norway and Sweden - invasions go on until 1042.
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Alfred the Great turns back Viking invaders.
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Christianity receives a new Pope in the form of Gregory the Great under whose command the missionary works reach new heights.
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Second Muslim attack on Constantinople failed.
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Otto the Great crowned the Holy Roman Emperor in 40 years.
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Formation of Peace and Truce movement by the Catholic Church. The first of its kind movement in the Medieval Europe for the control of society using non-violet means.
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Treaty of Verdun is signed between the three grandchildren of Charlemagne separating Holy Roman Empire and France
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Otto the Great, son of Henry 1, defeats Magyars in the Battle of Lechfeld. This defining battle prevents the advance of Hungarians in Central Europe.
