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William crossed the English Channel and landed in Pevensey.
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It was a war between Anglo-Saxons and Normans and they won.
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It was an economical and social picture of William's conquest.
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William II
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Henry I
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In this period we had:
-William I (1066-1087)
-WIlliam II (1087-1100)
-Henry I (1100-1135) -
Henry II
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Richard I
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He was called also 'Bad King John' because he drained the French population of taxes, and for this reason the barons refused to pay scutage and conspired to resist the king.
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Ballads were produced anonymously and sung with or without accompaniment or dance.
They were transmitted orally but collected later and published by Bishop Thomas Percy. -
The Magna Carta called for a guarantee of protection to all free man from illegal imprisonment and seizure of property.
It also asked for swift justice and scutage limitations. -
Henry III
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Henry III became king and it was in his reign that Parliament began to create a structure of permanent control over the king's policies. The term 'parliament' meaning discussion and included barons. knights and two representatives from each town.
Henry's son, Edward I, continued the experiment when he became king in 1272, and the 'Model Parliament' included representative of the barons, the clergy, two knights from each county and two citizens from each town. -
it was fixed and hierarchical and a lord needs hereditary titles to mantein his power.
In the medieval society were man who had taken an oath to the king and the percentage of the paesants population were 95%.
The social mobility start after the Black Death when it had killed up to half of the population. -
Edward II started the Hundred year's war
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He was born about 1343 in London. He followed Edward III's son to the war in France, where he was taken prisoner and ransomed by the king himself in 1360 and in 1374 he became a member of Parliament.
He was trusted by the Crown and a well-informed partecipator in the politics of the day.
In 1386 he was dismissed from all his offices and therefore he was left without an income.In this period he began to work on his masterpiece 'The Canterbury Tales'.
He died in 1400 in Westminster. -
Black Death
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The paesants start a revolt to demand greater rights
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First translation of the Bible into English by John Wycliffe
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Canterbury Tales is a narrative poems tell storeis in verse.
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The war of the Roses is a war between two rival family: York and Lancaster. The 'roses' refer to the white roses is the York's emblem; the red one is the Lancaste'r symbol.
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He became king at the end of The Wars of the Roses.
He tried to consolidate his position trough: a treaty with France; a trade treaty with the Netherlands and the marriage in 1501 with Catherine of Aragon.
He strengthened the monarchy and turned England into a modern state which he administered like a businessman.
He laid the basis of English naval power by increasing spending on shipbuilding so that England could have its own merchant fleet and extend its military power. -
He was the second son of Henry VII
In his youth he as a natural sportsman, for this reason he was called the ‘Golden Prince’.
He married Catherine of Aragon, but he had with her only a daughter and for this reason he asked the pope for a divorce in order to marry Anne Boleyn.
The pope don't accept and Henry declared himself 'Supreme Head on Earth of the Church of England' by the act of supremacy.
A consequence was that Ireland remained a Catholic country. -
In 1492 Colombu's discovery America
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When she became queen in 1553 she believed herself to be the agent of a Counter-Reformation. This attempt to restore England to papal obedience, her marriage to the Catholic Philip of Spain and the burning of Protestants, earned her the nickname 'Bloody Mary'
Mary’s end was tragic: deserted by her husband, without an heir, her foreign and domestic policies were a failure and her country was still divided over religion when she died. -
She became queen in 1558
She recognised Spain as her main trade rival and enemy. The war rade expanded, making England a commercial and sea power.
In 1558 the Spanish decided to invade England and sent a great armada of 130 galleons
The Spanish ship were slow and heavy, however, while the English ship were lower, faster and armed with long-range guns.
Supremacy at sea enabled Elizabeth to lay the basis of England’s empire, chartering seven companies to colonise in the name of trade.
