unit 4 assessment

Fall of the Byzantine Empire

1453 BCE

The Byzantine Empire fell due to many reasons. This includes wars, economic problems, and religious problems.

Great Schism

1378 BCE

The separation of the Catholic church of the West from the orthodox churches in the east. It was caused by disagreements between the West and the east. Many people during this time claimed to be popes.

Black Death

1346 BCE

A deadly epidemic of a plague that spread across early Europe and Asia. It spread through rats and killed about 25 million people.

Italian City-states Sack Constantinople

1204 BCE

Started the culmination of the fourth crusade. They destroyed most of Constantinople and most of the Byzantines Empire's territories were divided up among the crusaders.

First Crusade takes Jerusalem

1099 BCE

They massacred large numbers of inhabitants that were Muslim and Jewish alike.They did this because of religious reasons and it took about 7 weeks of siege before they even started the massacre.

The Crusade

1096 BCE

It was organized by western European Christians after Muslim expansion. Their goal was to stop the expansion of Muslim state. They also wanted to recapture area that originally belonged to them.

Mount Athos

972 BCE

Mount Athos is one of the oldest Christian places of worship if not the oldest. It holds the largest Orthodox monastic community in the world and holds several very dedicated monks.

Cordoba

756 BCE

Caliphate was successful because Muslims, Jews, and Christians got along as a result of the tolerance of other religions. It was a great learning place that held a lot of educational buildings with it.

Byzantine Empire

750 BCE

The empire consisted of a well organized government bureaucracy with good politicians and they reduced tax greatly among the poor. They also attempted to strengthen the position of free farmers.

Abbasid Caliphate

750 BCE

It was the second of two great dynasties of the Muslim empire. It was known for consolidating Islamic rule and was also important to cultural developments in the Middle East.

Umayyad Caliphate

661 BCE

It was the second Caliphate established after the death of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad. It was known for spreading Islam and was also greatly responsible for spreading the Arabic language over a vast area.

Umayyad

661 BCE

They were the first Muslim dynasty that was established in Damascus. They are known for bringing centralization and stability to the realm also continued military expansion.

Rapid Spread of Islam

640 BCE

Things that contributed to the rapid growth of Islam include military conquests, appealing religious message and tolerance towards other monotheistic religions. They also had several geographical advantages.

Conquest of Arabia

632 BCE

The invasion came as a result of restrictions opposed to Arab traders and their ability to trade. Muslim armies from Saudi Arabia began to travel across Asia and Africa. They had great teamwork which allowed them to defeat other militaries swiftly.

Death Of Muhammad

632 BCE

It was believed that Muhammad died due to being poisoned by a women. The poison was not effective immediately but went into effect after some time and his last words were said to be "Allah".

Islam Split

632 BCE

Islam split between the Sunni and Shia. 85 percent of the people belonged to the Sunni side and 15 percent belonged to the Shia side. The Shia are the hereditary line of Muhammad and the Sunni believe in tradition and community.

Beginning Islam

622 BCE

The first Islamic state was established during this time period. Muhammad's leadership in Medina spread greatly and he was accepted as the common leader by the Aws and Khazraj.

Muhammad's Spirtual Journey

610 BCE

Muhammad received his first revelation at the age of 40. He continued his revelation over 23 years where people began to follow.

Birth Of Muhammad The Prophet

570 BCE

Prophet Muhammad was born in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. He was orphaned at an early age and he was born into a powerful tribe called the Quarish.

Roman Influence

476 BCE

Western Europe becomes more fragmented politically. Witchcraft trials are also common during this time. Roman influence gradually changes the further it goes West.