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1561
Sir Francis Bacon is born
He was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist, orator, and author. Proffered inductive reasoning and fact over theory -
Tycho Brahe dies
Danish royal astrologer. Observed and mapped over 7000 stars in a 20- year period. Did all his observations without a telescope -
James 1 dies
James didn't support parliament and after he died his son Charles 1 came to power -
English Civil War
Conflict between the Cavaliers and the Roundheads. Oliver Cromwell led the commonwealth. -
Louis the Fourteenth is born
He commission the Palace of Versailles and he served as the King of France. -
Thomas Hobbes writes the Leviathan
Believed people needed government to impose order and that people were from birth selfish and greedy. -
Charles 2 become king
Was called the merry monarch because he brought back theatres, events, and dancing and he got along with parliament. -
Palace of Versailles becomes the offficial residence of the court
Commissioned by King Louis the Fourteenth. The palace was always open to the public. The palace and gardens were 19,262 acres the construction costed about 2 billion dollars -
The Enlightenment Starts
It was also known as the Age of Reason, was a philosophical movement that took place primarily in Europe and, later, in North America, during the late 17th and early 18th century. Enlightenment philosophy was influential in ushering in the French and American revolutions and constitutions. -
John Locke is Born
John Locke was an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinker -
James Hargreaves Spinning Jenny
The machine used eight spindles onto which the thread was spun from a corresponding set of ravings. By turning a single wheel, the operator could now spin eight threads at once. This improved the textile industry -
Amazing Grace is Written
Amazing Grace is a Christian hymn published in 1779 with words written by the English Anglican clergyman John Newton. Newton wrote the words from personal experience of captaining a slave ship and feeling bad for it. -
The French Revolution
Also called the Bourgeosie phase. It was a time period where the people were divided into 2 social classes. The classes of people were the privileged and unprivileged. The Unprivileged people paid taxes and were treated badly. The privileged people did not pay taxes and were treated well -
Invention of the guillotine
It was originally developed as a more humane method of execution. The origins of the French guillotine date back to late-1789, when Dr. Joseph-Ignace Guillotin proposed that the French government adopt a gentler method of execution. -
Meeting of the Estates-General
During the French Revolution. The Representatives from the Third Estate demanded that the voting be by population. This would give the Third Estate a great advantage -
Storming of the Bastille
Louis XVI did not actually want a written constitution and when news of his plan to use military force against the National Assembly reached Paris on July 14, 1789, people stormed the Bastille, looking for gunpowder and weapons. -
The March of the Women
The Women's March on Versailles, also known as The October March, The October Days, or simply The March on Versailles, was one of the earliest and most significant events of the French Revolution. WAS a display for independence and freedom -
Olaudah Equiano's Book is published
He wrote his auto-biography in 1789, the first slave narrative and the first book published in England that was written by an African. Olaudah’s principal reason for writing his narrative was to evoke compassion for the miseries suffered by Africans in the slave trade -
The Battle of the Nile
The Battle of the Nile was a major naval battle fought between the British Royal Navy and the Navy of the French Republic at Aboukir Bay on the Mediterranean coast off the Nile Delta of Egypt from 1 to 3 August 1798.i8 -
Napoleon become 1st consul
With government in disarray Napoleon launches a successful coup de etat and becomes the first consul -
Napoleon becomes Emperor
HE is crowned emperor by the pope. There are rumors that he crowned himself. -
Louis Cavaignac is born
Louis-Eugène Cavaignac was a French general who put down a massive rebellion in Paris in 1848, known as the June Days Uprising. This then led the way for Louis Napoleon Bonaparte to become the leader of France. -
First Operating Locomotive
The locomotive provided many improvement for the people in the 1800s during the Industrial Revolution. Goods now could be transferred much easier and much quicker. This increase the amount of commercial products that were made. -
The Battle of Trafalgar
The Battle of Trafalgar was a naval engagement fought by the British Royal Navy against the combined fleets of the French and Spanish Navies, during the War of the Third Coalition of the Napoleonic Wars. -
The Steam Engine: James Watt
The Steam Engine by James Watt was a very useful invention. It was used to build a lot of other machines and it make things be able to operate on something other than manpower. -
Greece Gains Independence
Greece was the only country to gain independence during the Revolutions of the 1800s. They were the ones to gain independence from the Ottoman Empire. -
The death rate increases
In London, in 1830, the average lifespan for middle to upper class males was 44 years, 25 for tradesman and 22 for laborers. Fifty seven of every hundred children of working class families were dead by five years of age. -
Micheal Sadlers Bill proposed
On 16th March 1832 Michael Sadler introduced a Bill in Parliament that proposed limiting hours in all mills to 10 for persons under the age of 18. It was declined. -
Micheal Sadler: Bill for working hours
On 16th March 1832 Michael Sadler introduced a Bill in Parliament that proposed limiting hours in all mills to 10 for persons under the age of 18. After much debate it was clear that Parliament was unwilling to pass Sadler's bill. However, in April 1832 it was agreed that there should be another parliamentary enquiry into child
labor. -
Thomas Malthus's Birth
he proposed the idea that the population will out pace the food source and then a major crises such as a war or a famine will happen and the population will decrease again. -
The Treaty of Nanjing
The Treaty of Nanking or Nanjing was a peace treaty which ended the First Opium War (1839–42) between the United Kingdom and the Qing dynasty of China on 29 August 1842. It was the first of what the Chinese later called the unequal treaties on the ground that Britain had no obligations in return. -
The Potato Famine
By the 1800s, the potato had become the staple crop in the poorest regions.The Famine began quite mysteriously in September 1845
as leaves on potato plants suddenly turned black and curled, then rotted. The cause was actually an airborne fungus originally transported in the holds of ships traveling from North America to
England. During the years of the famine, about 1 million people starved to death, and about 1.5 million others emigrated. many to the United States. -
Cholera outbreak
cholera outbreak of 1848. nearly 15,000 Londoners and made it clear that drastic action was needed. This caused a giant cemetery to be built. -
the building of the Crystal palace starts
The Crystal Palace of 1851 was the largest enclosed space in the world at the time.14,000 visitors from around the world saw stuffed
elephants and Tunisian bazaars among other items brought back from around the British Empire.The building had 300,000 panes of glass. Burnt down in 1936. -
The Crimean War
The Crimean War was a military conflict fought from October 1853 to February 1856 in which the Russian Empire lost to an alliance of the Ottoman Empire, France, Britain and Sardinia. -
Florence Nightingale arrives to the camp
Florence Nightingale Helped found the nursing profession and demonstrated how women were capable of taking on productive public roles. She became icon of Victorian
culture. -
Treaty of Kanagawa
On March 31, 1854, the Convention of Kanagawa or Kanagawa Treaty was the first treaty between the United States and the Tokugawa shogunate. -
The Raj
The British Raj was the rule by the British Crown in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947. The rule is also called Crown rule in India, or direct rule in India. -
The battery is invented
The first battery along with electricity is invented in the nineteenth century. This helped to improve a lot of things. -
The Opium Wars
The Opium Wars were two wars in the mid-19th century involving Anglo-Chinese disputes over British trade in China and China's sovereignty. The disputes included the First Opium War and the Second Opium War -
Prince Albert Dies
He died at age 42. He was the husband to Queen Victoria. She loved him a lot. -
The Meiji Period
The Meiji period, also known as the Meiji era, is a Japanese era which extended from October 23, 1868, to July 30, 1912 -
Mohandas Gahndi
Mahātmā Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was an Indian activist who was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule. He was an activist during the Raj Period -
The Suez Canal is Built
The Suez Canal is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez. Constructed by the Suez Canal Company between 1859 and 1869, it was officially opened on November 17, 1869. -
The phonograph
The phonograph is a device, invented in 1877, for the mechanical recording and reproduction of sound. In its later forms, it is also called a gramophone, or, since the 1940s, a record player. -
Mussolini is born
He is the leader of fascism. Mussolini served in the Royal Italian Army during the war until he was wounded and discharged in 1917. He was the 27th prime minister of Italy -
Ethiopia Modernizes Army
Ethiopia was the only nation to retain its independence by matching the European firepower. The army was modernized in 1889 by emperor Menelik the second and his forces defeat the Italians. They fought so fiercely is made up for the advantage that the Europeans had with their technology. -
The lightbulb
An incandescent light bulb, incandescent lamp or incandescent light globe is an electric light with a wire filament heated to such a high temperature that it glows with visible light. It was created by Thomas Edison in 1892 -
Czar Nicolas II Gets Married
Alexandra Feodorovna (6 June 1872 – 17 July 1918) was Empress of Russia as the spouse of Nicholas II, the last ruler of the Russian Empire. Originally Alix of Hesse and by Rhine at birth, she was given the Christian name and patronymic Alexandra Feodorovna upon being received into the Russian Orthodox Church and—having been put to death along with her immediate family while in Bolshevik captivity in 1918—was canonized in 2000 as Saint Alexandra the Passion Bearer. -
FIrst X Ray
the Victorian era saw great advances in medicine and science, such as the invention of the X Ray. This didn’t improve the death rate, -
Britain’s grants self rule to Australia
In 1901 Britain granted self rule to the commonwealth of Australia.
It established its own parliament but remained part of the British empire. The natives were called the aborigines. They weren’t treated well and were pushed out of their land. -
Alexei is Born
Alexei Nikolaevich (Russian: Алексе́й Никола́евич) (12 August 1904 [O.S. 30 July] – 17 July 1918) of the House of Romanov, was the Tsarevich and heir apparent to the throne of the Russian Empire. He was the youngest child and only son of Emperor Nicholas II and Empress Alexandra Feodorovna. He was born with hemophilia -
The model T
The Ford Model T is an automobile produced by Ford Motor Company from October 1, 1908, to May 26, 1927. It is generally regarded as the first affordable automobile, the car that opened travel to the common people. -
The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne, and his wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, occurred on 28 June 1914 in Sarajevo when they were mortally wounded by Gavrilo Princip. This was the start of World War I -
Battle of the Marne
The Battle of the Marne was a World War I battle fought from 6–10 September 1914. It resulted in an Allied victory against the German armies in the west. It was one of the first battles fought. -
First Tank made
Little Willie was a prototype in the development of the British Mark I tank. Constructed in the autumn of 1915 at the behest of the Landships Committee, it was the first completed tank prototype in history. -
The Cheka
In December 1917 Lenin set up a secret police force known as the Cheka. Cheka agents spied on the Russian people in factories and villages. Anyone suspected of being anti-Communist could be arrested, tortured and executed without a trial. The checka were the people who carried out this dirty work. -
The Provisional Government Established
(Vremennoye pravitel'stvo Rossii) was a provisional government of Russia established immediately following the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II of the Russian Empire on 2 March [15 March, New Style] 1917. -
Nicolas II Abdicates the throne
During the February Revolution, Czar Nicholas II, ruler of Russia since 1894, is forced to abdicate the throne by the Petrograd insurgents, and a provincial government is installed in his place. -
The US join WWI
Publication of that communique outraged Americans just as German U-boats started sinking American merchant ships in the North Atlantic. Wilson then asked Congress for "a war to end all wars" that would "make the world safe for democracy", and Congress voted to declare war on Germany on April 6, 1917. -
Treaty of Brent-Litovsk
The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty signed on 3 March 1918 between the new Bolshevik government of Soviet Russia and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire), that ended Russia's participation in World War I. -
Russian Civil War Ends
The Russian Civil War was a multi-party war in the former Russian Empire immediately after the Russian Revolutions of 1917, as many factions vied to determine Russia's political future. The two largest combatant groups were the Red Army, fighting for the Bolshevik form of socialism led by Vladimir Lenin, and the White Army. -
Swatstika Is Created
On August 7, 1920, at the Salzburg Congress, the red flag with a white circle and black swastika became the official emblem of the Nazi Party. Hitler said that In red we see the social idea of the movement, in white the nationalistic idea, in the swastika the mission of the struggle for the victory of the Aryan man. -
The Kronstadt Revolt
War Communism made Lenin’s government very unpopular. Discontent amongst the peasants led to violence in the cities. Workers went on strike, in spite of the death penalty for striking.
The most serious opposition to Lenin’s government came in March 1921. Sailors at the Kronstadt naval base near Petrograd revolted. They accused Lenin of breaking his promise to help the workers.
It was put down quickly but caused Stalin to relax war communism. -
TheYear of Crisis
In 1923, Germany fell behind with reparations, so French and Belgium troops invaded the Ruhr (German industrial area).
With no army to resist, Germany tried passive resistance: workers went on strike and the German government printed extra money to pay for the resistance. This caused major inflation. -
The Black Shirts are Formed
The Blackshirts were established as the squadristi in 1919 and consisted of many disgruntled former soldiers. It was given the task of leading fights against their bitter enemies – the Socialists. They may have numbered 200,000 by the time of Mussolini's March on Rome. They are equivalent to Hitler’s SS soldiers. -
Beer Hall Putsch
On October 30, 1923 Hitler held a rally in Munich beer hall and declared revolution. He Led 2000 men in take over of Bavarian Government. It failed and Hitler was imprisoned. -
Lenin Dies
When Lenin died in 1924, he had been very successful in imposing a communist dictatorship in Russia. He had defeated all of his opponents and established a strong communist government. As each of the areas formerly belonging to the Tsar came under communist control, they were turned into socialist republics. In 1923 these became the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). -
Locarno Pact
The Lacorno Pact was a treaty between France, Germany, Great Britain, and Italy that guaranteed existing frontiers, established a DMZ 30 miles deep on East bank of the Rhine River, and promised to refrain from aggression against each other. It didn't really work -
Nanking Massacre
The Nanking Massacre was an episode of mass murder and mass rape committed by Japanese troops against the residents of Nanjing (Nanking), then the capital of the Republic of China, during the Second Sino-Japanese War. The massacre is also known as the Rape of Nanking.The massacre started on December 13, 1937, the day that the Japanese captured Nanjing. During this period, soldiers of the Imperial Japanese Army murdered Chinese civilians and perpetrated widespread rape and looting. -
Einsatzgruppen is formed
It was a SS “Special Action Groups” organized in
early years of war by Reinhardt Heinrich. The people involved were very evil and they would see who could kill the most Jews. They were responsible for killing for than a million Jews. -
The Munich Agreement
The Munich agreement was basically an agreement that allowed the Nazis to take or Sudenland as long as they didn't do anything else. This was a huge fail and just allowed Hitler to get an easy takeover of that area. -
Kristallnacht
It is also referred to as the Night of Broken Glass. was an attack against Jews throughout Nazi Germany on 9–10 November 1938, carried out by the Nazis and German civilians. This is considered the start of the Holocaust. -
The Nazi-Soviet Non-aggression Pact
The two countries agreed to take no military action against each other for the next 10 years.Stalin agreed to this because he saw that the Nazis were on the brink of war and he didn't want to get involved in it. Hitler agreed to it because he wanted to be able to invade Poland unopposed. -
Invasion of Poland
This event is known as the beginning of World War II. Poland was annexed completely. The Germans used the strategy of Blitzkrieg (Lighting War) As the idea implies the German attacked the Polish very quickly, crippling them and not allowing them to recover. The only choice they had was to surrender. -
Wannsee Conference
This was conference to come up with the Final Solution. The Nazis would attempt to exterminate the entire Jewish population of Europe, an estimated 11 million people. They would end up killing 6 million Jews. -
Jonathan is Born :)
