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First Scheduled Trans Atlantic Service Launched
Black ball line operated scheduled services from the ports of Liverpool, England and New York beginning in 1818.The service than was expanded to include Philadelphia and Boston twice each month.It was one of the first steam powered packet ships that offered regular passenger. -
P&O is founded
In 1837 the company won a contract from the government to deliver mail Iberian peninsula. -
Cunard line is founded
Samual Cunard formed the British and North American Royal Mail steam- packet company. With George burns and Robert Napier. They operated the lines four pioneer paddle steamers on the Liverpool Halifax Boston route. It became the fastest Atlantic voyage -
Cows travel on board
Britannia, a cruise ship operated by Cunard left Liverpool with cows on board to provide a fresh supply of milk to passengers. -
P&O introduced first leisure cruises
PO began offering sailing from the UK to the Mediterranean.These voyages were the first of their kind and the forerunner of modern cruise holidays.this would later be expanded to much of the British empire , including calls to India, Australia and New Zealand. ( customer type and demand ) these were originally aimed at those with higher levels of wealth such as royalties, nobles and senior government. -
First cruise between New York and Europe
The ship Quaker city was the first cruise from New York to Europe -
First 100% steel structured ship
PO launched the ship Ravenna , which is the first to be constructed with a 100% steel structure. (Technological development- this marked the first time a ship had been designed using 100% steel.this created a more solid structure compared to more traditional wood structure. -
Electric lights
The first ship to have electric lights is launched called ss Valletta ( technological development) -
First ship exclusively for cruising launched.
The first ship exclusively built for cruising was the prinzessin Victoria Luise of Germany.it was built in Germany and launched in 1900 for Hamburg America line.most of the cruises were from Hoboken New Jersey to the Caribbean and also the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. -
Titanic sinks
The titanic sinks, it was a British ocean liner that sank in the early hours of the 15 of April 1912 as a result of striking a iceberg on her voyage from Southampton to New York.of the 2,224 aboard approximately 1,500 died.the ship operated the white star line and carried some of the wealthiest people. -
Period: to
Glamour of cruising
Between the years 1920 and 1930 were considered the most glamorous for passengers seeking to cross the Atlantic.the ships were catering to the rich and famous. ( customer type and Demand)
( social and economic changes) -
Cruise lines merge
White star line merge with their main rival Cunard line.the line would remain as a single company until 2005 when it was merged into carnival cooperation plc. (Integration) -
Period: to
World war 2
Many cruise ships were used to transport troops heading to war. Cruises and transatlantic sailing come to abrupt end.many ocean liners were destroyed during the war. -
Growth of air travel
Large passenger jet aircraft were introduced, with travellers switching from ships to planes.this caused a rapid decline in passenger numbers. -
Period: to
Increasing the appeal
Cruise lines begin to focus on improving the passenger experience to attract more passengers.this included large public ballrooms, public lounges, swimming pools, with some cruise lines a,so introducing on board ceremonies. ( social and economic changes )
( technological advances)
( changes in customer type demand)