-
Colonials and their Native allies set fire to a fortified Pequot village in what is now Mystic, Connecticut during the Pequot War -
refers to state or colonial laws and proclamations, primarily in North America from the 17th to 19th centuries, that offered monetary rewards, or "bounties," for the scalps of Native Americans, serving as gruesome proof of their deaths and often incentivizing systematic genocide -
an agreement at the 1787 Constitutional Convention to count three out of every five enslaved persons for determining a state's population for the purposes of both congressional representation and taxation -
The Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves in 1808 ended the importation of new slaves from Africa, though the domestic slave trade -
a significant American victory led by William Henry Harrison against Native American forces under Tenskwatawa ("The Prophet"), brother of Shawnee chief Tecumseh. -
a 1820 U.S. law that settled the debate over slavery's expansion by admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, maintaining the balance of power in the Senate -
authorized the forced removal of Native American tribes from their ancestral lands east of the Mississippi River to western territories. -
The Trail of Tears refers to the forcible removal of approximately 100,000 Indigenous people from their ancestral homes in the southeastern United States to lands in the west, primarily to Indian Territory (now Oklahoma), under the Indian Removal Act of 1830.
-
Nat Turner's Rebellion was a bloody slave uprising in Southampton County, Virginia, led by the enslaved preacher Nat Turner -
allowed enslavers to reclaim enslaved people who had escaped to other states, even free states -
abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime -
a 1857 U.S. Supreme Court ruling stating that African Americans, free or enslaved, could not be U.S. citizens and thus had no right to sue in federal court -
an executive order signed by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, declaring that all people held as slaves in the Confederate states still in rebellion against the United States were free -
grants citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the United States, including formerly enslaved people -
prohibits the denial of voting rights based on a citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude" -
Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho warriors, led by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse, decisively defeated Lt. Col. George Armstrong Custer's 7th Cavalry in a pivotal event of the Great Sioux War of 1876. -
Wounded Knee Massacre was the slaughter of approximately 150–300 Lakota Indians by U.S. Army troops -
established the "separate but equal" doctrine, upholding racial segregation laws as long as the facilities provided for each race were equal