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The Massacre at Mystic, or the Battle of Mystic Fort, occurred on May 26, 1637, during the Pequot War, when English colonists and their Narragansett and Mohegan allies attacked the Pequot Fort -
an agreement at the 1787 Constitutional Convention where three-fifths of the enslaved population was counted for determining a state's total population for both congressional representation and direct taxation -
fought on November 7, 1811, in present-day Indiana, when American forces led by William Henry Harrison clashed with Native American warriors of Tecumseh's Confederacy, led by Tecumseh's brother, Tenskwatawa ("The Prophet") -
a 1820 federal law that temporarily resolved the escalating conflict over slavery in the United States by admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, maintaining the balance of power in the Senate -
The Trail of Tears refers to the forced displacement of approximately 100,000 Native Americans from their ancestral lands in the southeastern United States to west of the Mississippi River between 1830 and 1850, following the passage of the Indian Removal Act of 1830 -
authorized the president to negotiate treaties with Native American tribes to exchange their lands east of the Mississippi River for territory west of the Mississippi River
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Nat Turner's Rebellion was a violent uprising of enslaved people in Southampton County, Virginia, led by Nat Turner, an enslaved preacher, from August 21-23, 1831. The rebellion, which resulted in the deaths of 55 white peopl -
colonial and government-issued bounty laws in which financial rewards were offered for the scalps of enemy Native Americans, which were then used as proof of kills and as part of a larger, historically documented campaign of extermination -
two federal laws passed in 1793 and 1850 that allowed for the seizure and return of runaway enslaved people, with the 1850 act imposing stricter penalties on those who aided fugitives and involving the federal government in their apprehension -
declared people of African descent were not U.S. citizens, could not sue in federal court, and were not free to be in territories where slavery was banned -
an Executive Order issued by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, during the Civil War, which declared that all enslaved people in Confederate states in rebellion against the Union were free -
granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the U.S. and extended equal protection and due process rights to all individuals under state jurisdiction -
the legal abolition of the international slave trade in 1808 and the subsequent ratification of the 13th Amendment in December 1865 -
officially abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for a crime for which a person has been duly convicted -
prevents the government from denying a citizen the right to vote based on their race, color, or previous condition of servitude -
The battle was a momentary victory for the Lakota and Cheyenne. The death of Custer and his troops became a rallying point for the United States to increase their efforts to force native peoples onto reservation lands. -
The Wounded Knee Massacre, also known as the Battle of Wounded Knee, involved nearly three hundred Lakota people killed by soldiers of the United States Army. More than 250 people of the Lakota were killed and 51 wounded. Some estimates placed the number of dead as high as 300. -
an 1896 Supreme Court case that established the "separate but equal" doctrine, which held that racial segregation was constitutional as long as the facilities provided for each race were equal in quality