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Charles Michael L'Epeé, a Catholic priest and pioneer in the 18th century for education for all founded the first public school for individuals with disabilities, with a primary focus on deaf individuals, called Institut National de Jeunes Sourds de Paris. The unique use of phonetics and language to reach even those who are deaf, interested him deeply, and led to many others pioneering a similar goal. Citation -
Reverend Thomas Gallaudet founded the American Asylum for Education of Deaf and Dumb in Hartford, Conneticut, after meeting a young lady who was deaf. This institution gave opportunity to those who cannot hear or speak. This sparked a cultural understanding that mute did not mean inability to be educated and an essential instrument in society. His work also led to advances in American Sign Language.
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Samuel Howe used the resources the gained as director for England Asylum for the Blind to bring this mission to America. He was deeply disturbed at the idea that blind individuals would be seen as pitied or inable to be educated. Perkins gave students the opportunity to join the workforce and be essential instruments to society. Perkins uses IDEA to include them in less restrictive classrooms, with inclusive support when necessary. Link -
During a time where many changes were occurring both politically, and socially, During the 1890's the responsibility of providing education for special children was given to the state. Due to this need, the National Education Association created the Department of Special Education, which currently oversees in the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act and has a primary focus on improving the academic experience for children with all kinds of disabilities; cognitive, physical, etc. -
Founded by Elizabeth Farell, alongside other individuals passionate about inclusive education resources, formed the CEC. This association provides laws protecting individuals with disabilities in the education system. To this day, the CEC fights for fair policies, standards, and professional development of these individuals. The CEC mandates that those with disabilities should be in classrooms with non-disabled peers as much as physically possible. Link -
A defining moment in U.S History, as the Supreme Court decided that all children have the right to education, equally. While this was racially motivated, in hopes of destroying the "separate but equal" ideology, it applies just as much to students with disabilities, providing a framework for many cases and advocates to follow. After this, public law 85-926 was signed by President Eisenhower, allowing grants to special education students.
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