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Period: 4000 BCE to 3000 BCE
Early beginnings
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3900 BCE
Disease caused by?
Evil spirits -
3600 BCE
Treatments for sick?
Herbs and plants -
3100 BCE
Medicines used today
Digitalis - foxglove plant, they used to chew it now it’s either in pill form or injection to treat heart conditions -
3100 BCE
Medicines used today
Belladonna and atropine - made by poisonous plant and helps with muscle spasms and in gastrointestinal pain -
3100 BCE
Medicines used today
Quinine - comes from bark of a cinchona tree, helps with fevers, relieves muscle spasms, and helps prevent malaria -
3100 BCE
Medicines used today
Morphine - made from opium poppy, treating severe pain and is addicting when nothing else will treat the pain -
Period: 2999 BCE to 399
Ancient times
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2900 BCE
Ancient Egyptians
Health records - they like to keep accurate health records -
2900 BCE
Ancient Egyptians
Who are the physicians? - the priests are the physicians -
2900 BCE
Ancient Egyptians
How did they heal? - they used medicines -
1900 BCE
Ancient Chinese
Development of acupuncture - they were the first to use primitive acupuncture therapies -
900 BCE
Ancient Greeks
Dissection - they did not allow bodies to be dissected -
900 BCE
Ancient Greeks
Hippocrates - he based his knowledge of anatomy and physiology on observation of the external body -
900 BCE
Ancient Greeks
Illness cause nature vs. spiritual - they were the first to study disease and to determine that illness may have natural, rather than spiritual causes -
100
Ancient Roman’s
Sanitation systems - they brought water into the cities from waterways and they built sewers to carry off waste. They also built public baths with filtering systems -
100
Ancient Roman’s
Organize medical care - they were the first to organize medical care -
100
Ancient Roman’s
Hospital development- they sent medical equipment and physicians with armies to care for wounded soldiers. Roman physicians kept a room in their house for the ill. Public building were then established. -
Period: 400 to 800
Dark age
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500
Stopped the study of medicine, why?
The Huns stopped the study of medical science because the church believe that life and death was in gods hands -
700
How do they treat disease?
The primary treatment was prayer -
Period: 800 to 1400
Middle age
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1100
Epidemics
Epidemics caused many deaths, alone killed 60 million people -
Period: 1350 to
Renaissance
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1450
Rebirth
Dissection - they accepted dissection of the body -
1450
Rebirth
Universities - building universities and medical schools -
1450
Rebirth
Books - they allowed printing and press and publishing books for greater access to knowledge of research -
Period: 1501 to
16th and 17th centuries
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1515
Leonardo de Vinci
Leonardo de Vinci studied and recorded the anatomy of the body -
1550
Gabriele fallopius
gabriele fallopius discovered the fallopian tubes of the female anatomy -
1563
Bartolommeo eustachio
Bartolommeo discovered the tube leading from the ear to the throat -
William Harvey
he understood the knowledge of physiology and was able to describe the circulation of blood and pumping of the heart -
Antoine von Leeuwenhoek
Antoine invented the microscope, finding that there is a life smaller than you can see. He scrapped his tooth and found bacteria that causes tooth decay. Showing that germs that cause disease were invisible -
Apothecaries
apothecaries, early pharmacies started in this time. -
Period: to
18th century
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Benjamin franklin
he found bifocals and found colds that passed from person to person -
Medical students learning
They only didnt attend lectures and labs but they also absered patients bedside, then when the patient died they dissected then an were able to observe the disease process -
Joseph Priestley
he observed the element oxygen and also observed that plants refresh air that has lost its oxygen, using it for respiration -
Edward Jenner
discovered a method of vaccination of smallpox -
Rene laennec
she invented the stethoscope, the first one was made of wood and it incread the ability to hear the hard and lungs to see if disease was present -
Period: to
19th and 20th centuries
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Ignaz Semmelweis
she identified the cause of childbed fever,m people died from this fever after giving birth because the physicians went to the “dead room” where they dissected bodies and and they physicians didnt wash their hands or change their gloves so their hands were dirty and they infected the women. -
Florence nightingale
she founded molders nursing -
Louis Pasteur
known as the father of microbiology and discovered that tiny microorganisms were everywhere and proved that these could cause disease. -
Dmitri ivanovski
He discovered that some diseases are caused by microorganisms that cannot be seen with a microscope called viruses -
Joseph lister
he discovered that microorganisms cause infection and became the first doctor to use an antiseptic during surgery -
Ernst von bergmann
he devolved asepsis, he knew germs caused infections in wounds and found a way to keep an area germ free during surgery -
Robert Koch
he devolved the culture plate method to identify pathogens and also isolated the bacterium that causes tuberculosis. He also invented cleanliness and sanitation -
Paul ehrlich
he discovered the effect of medicine on disease causing microorganisms. His treatment was effective on some but not effective on killing other bacteria. This lead to using chemicals to fight disease -
Wilhelm roentgen
he discovered x rays, he took the very first one using his wife’s hand. This helped the doctors to see inside the body and help the patients see what was wrong -
Anesthesia
before they just used to preform surgery without putting them out or anything, and most people died with shock. Then they found anesthesia and we continue to use it today. -
Sir Alexander Fleming
found penicillin killed life threatening bacteria -
Sigmund Freud
he discovered the conscious and unconscious parts of the mind and the body -
Gerhard domagk
He discovered sulfanamide compounds, these were the first medications that were effective in killing bacteria -
Jonas Salk
he discovered hat a dead polio virus would cause immunity to poliomyelitis, this virus paralyzed many of adults and children every year, it affected people who were the most active and athletic. -
Albert Sabin
He used a live polio virus vaccine which is more effective. This vaccine is used today to immunize babies against this disease. -
Francis and James Watson
discovered the molecular structure of DNA -
Christian Barnard
he preformed the first successful heart transplant -
Ben Carson
he continues to be a pioneer in separating Siamese twins and preforming hemishperectomies, and surgery’s on the brain to stop seizures -
Period: to
21st century
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advancement 1
people are now living longer and healthier, they are finding new inventions and procedures have changes medicine. -
advancement 3
we now have the ability to reattach body parts -
advancement 4
now being able to care for the unborn fetus -
advancement 2
we transplant organs from a donor to a recipient -
Advancement 5
patients can go in the hospital and get surgery and go home the same day.