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Last Pre-Islamic persian Empire and third Iranian dynasty, succeeded by Byzantine Empire, Their fall was due to lose of control to invading Arab Caliphates. They were constantly at war with the Roman empire to the West.
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Built their cities in present day Mexico and Central America, were one of the most sophisticated civilizations of their time period. they had a number line that used the number 0 and also made pyramids with no metal tools. They also made there own calendar. collapse due to overpopulation, disruption of trade routes, foreign invasion, and peasant revolts.
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Europe's largest and wealthiest city, founded by Constantine, also the capital of the byzantine empire.
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Successor state to the Roman Empire, core remained the Balkan Peninsula and Asia Minor. The area was very commercial and very Urban. The empire collapsed when Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1453.
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Muhammed is born into the line of work of treading. Muhammed has a vision, He declared that allah, god, is one, and there are no other gods.
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the split was caused by the death of Muhamed. the people argued over weather Mohammed's succesor would be Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, or Ali ibn Abi Talib. Supporters of Abu became Sunnis and supporters of Ali became Shi'ites. Bith sides beleive Mohammed specifically designated their man.
Green: Sunni
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In 711 Muslim forces invaded and in seven years conquered the Iberian peninsula. It brought a degree of civilisation to Europe that matched the heights of the Roman Empire and the Italian Renaissance.
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first of the great medevil trading empires in Africa, trading mostly salt and Gold. As the empire grew richer, they extended their reach, incorperating more natural resource rich countries. Ghana began to fall with the rise of the Muslim Almoravids.
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The Abbasid Caliphate (العبّاسيّون, '''') was the third of the Islamic Caliphates of the Islamic Empire. It was ruled by the Abbasid dynasty of caliphs, who built their capital in Baghdad after overthrowing the Umayyad caliphs
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A Turkish dynasty ruling in central and western Asia. played a major role in medieval history by creating a barrier to Europe against the Mongol invaders from the East, defending the Islamic world against Crusaders from the West, and conquering the Byzantine Empire.
Despite several attempts to reunite the Seljuks in the centuries following Malik Shah's death, the Crusades prevented them from regaining their former empire. -
A medieval military expedition, one of a series made by Europeans to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims. The later Crusades were for the most part only expeditions to assist those who already were in the Holy Land and defend the lands they had captured
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Sultan of Egypt and Syria. He recaptured Jerusalem and defended it during the Third Crusade. But was defeated by Richard Coeur de Lion in the end.
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the mali kingdom flourished in trade. they were located by the upper Niger River. Their decline was caused by eventually outgrowth of political and military strength, and many of the subject areas revolted, adventually it ceasedto be a big political entity.
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Thelargest empire in pre-columbia america. the Incas took advantage of the soil, overcoming the adversities of the Andejuian terrain and the weather. Inca buildings were made out of fieldstones or semi-worked stone blocks set in mortar; adobe walls were also common, usually laid over stone foundations. The Inca Army was a multi-ethnic army[1] charged with defending the sovereignty of the Incan Empire, expanding its borders, and putting down rebellions. they were conquered by the spanish.
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Principal Muslim sultanate in northern India during the 13th to the 16th centuries. Its creation owed much to the campaigns of Muhammad. From 1290 to 1320, under the Khalji dynasty, the sultanate was an imperial power. Its power was shattered by Timur's invasion but it somewhat recovered under the Lodi (Afghan) dynasty. then finally was subsumed into Akbar's Mughal Empire in 1556.
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The Mongol invasions progressed throughout the 13th century, The result was vast Mongol Empires covering much of Asia and Eastern Europe by 1300. their size eventually led to their fall.
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An english Charter, protecting existing rights in words. Created by Barons who wanted to protect their rights from the wrong doings of King John.
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A Mamluk is a warrior caste dominant in Egypt. The Mamluks took advantage of their power to become the principal landholders in Egypt. The Mamluk sultans are usually divided into two dynasties, the Bahris , chiefly Turks and Mongols, and the Burjis.The sultans reigned, on the average, less than seven years and usually met violent ends. They defeated the last of the Crusaders and repulsed the Mongol invasion of Syria. The Ottoman ruler, Selim, put an end to the Mamluk sultanate.
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The revival of art and literature under the influence of classical models in the 14th–16th centuries. Helped to make the transition form medevil to modern. Taking place mostly in Europe.
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The Ruler of the Mali Empire, he was muslim and brought the empire to its greatest heights. HIs grand pilgrimage to Mecca brought Mali great fame throughout the world.
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dominated large parts of Mesoamerica in the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries, a period referred to as the late post-classic period in Mesoamerican. Advanced in religion and agriculture. Polytheistic. Fell to the attcks of cortes and his people (disease played a major role).
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Mongolian ruler of Samarkand who led his nomadic hordes to conquer an area from Turkey to Mongolia.
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he series of wars fought intermittently between France and England. the battle of Crecy was the first destinctive battle. The war destroyed much of france. A unch of battles put together to calling it a war.
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A kingdom in Western Africa. Its base of Power was on the bend of the Niger river. They took advantage of the Mali empires decline and took them over. By 1420 the songhai kingdom was strong enough to extract tribute from Masnia.
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Chinese dynasty that provided an interval of native rule between eras of Mongol and Manchu dominance. The Ming, one of the most stable but autocratic of dynasties, extended Chinese influence farther than did any other native rulers of China. Under the Ming, the capital of China was moved from Nanjing to Beijing, and the Forbidden City was constructed.
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Eunuch admiral and diplomat who helped extend Chinese maritime and commercial influence throughout the region bordering on the Indian Ocean. Subsequent voyages took him to Arabia, the eastern coast of Africa, Southeast Asia, and India
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The very first printing press made by Johannes Gutenburg, Made the idea of moveable type more extreme creating more publications and making it cheaper for the people to but publications.
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known as Ivan the Great. Grand duke of Muscovy . He expanded Muscovy, defeated the Tatars, and assumed the title of Ruler of all Russia.
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The development of the Holy Roman Empire was an attempt by medieval political and religious leaders to connect their own rule with that of the Roman Empire. The Holy Roman Empire was first established under Charlemagne, but it declined after his rule because most of his successors were weak and ineffective.
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The Sui Dynasty was a short-lived dynasty. Emperor Yang Jian or Wendi, founded the Sui Dynasty by unifying China. The dynasty restored Confucian rituals from the Han Dynasty, while supporting Buddhism. They also built the Grand Canal and rebuilt the Great Wall.
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te Dynasty that succeded the Sui Dynasty and became a golden age for poetry, sculpture, and buddhism.The Tang government never completely controlled the northern Chinese border, where nomad tribes constantly attacked. periodic rebellions from the mid-8th century onward also weakened its power.
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Chinese dynasty that united the entire country until 1127 and the southern portion until 1279, During the Song, commerce flourished, paper currency came into increasing use, and several cities boasted populations exceeding one million people.
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Kingof Franks and founder of the first empire in western Europe after the fall of Rome. He promoted arts and education and promoted commerce and agriculture throughout his empire.
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A medieval Slavic state that was the forerunner of modern Russia. Centered around the city of Kiev, it included most of present-day Ukraine and Belarus and part of northwest Russia. Kievan power and influence grew steadily through the 10th and 11th century, but was later weakened by internal disputes and fell to the Mongols.
