-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Feudalism was a highly decentralized form of government that stressed alliances of mutual protection between monarchs and nobles of varying degrees of power. The system was based on giving land to nobles in exchange for loyalty and military aid. With the land came peasants to farm it and many powers usually reserved for governments.
-
-
-
-
Charlemagne came to Rome to militarily defend Pope Leo III against the Roman nobles. To show his gratitude, Leo crowned Charlemagne the new Roman emperor.
-
The expansion of the Vikings
-
-
-
Agriculture - A.D. 1000 collar harness replaced ox yoke. Horses pulled the plow faster than oxen. Farmers planted and plowed more crops. Other Technology - Writing in vernacular made literature more accessible to be people. Guilds - A.D. 1100s the guilds prohibited competition, standards of quality to protect the public from shoddy goods. Trade and Commerce - Sea-lanes and roads made it so that silks and spices could come from Asia. Money Economy - Currency stability with moneychangers
-
-
-
-
By the end of the Crusades, the European presence in the East heightened demand at home for Eastern luxury goods: spices, sugar, melons, tapestries, silk, and other items. Commerce increased in the eastern Mediterranean area and especially benefited Italian trading cities, such as Venice and Genoa. They also learned from the Muslims how to build better ships, make more accurate maps, use the magnetic compass to tell direction, and improve their weaponry.
-
Even after Ghengis Khan died the Mongols continued their advance. By A.D. 1279 all of China's territory was in their hands. During the A.D. 1230s and A.D 1240s, a Mongol army led by the commander Batu conquered East Slavic lands. In A.D. 1258 the commander Helagu captured Baghdad. -
-
Humanists led the educated public to classical values and encouraged a ferment of new ideas that eventually spread from Italy throughout Europe and reshaped European civilization. It also fashioned a new social order in which wealth and ability mattered more than aristocratic titles and ownership of land.
-
the movable type. Books were published more quickly and less expensively. Production of humanist texts could now begin to match the newfound desire for such works. Kings and queens so eagerly supported scholars and artists that the number of humanists in the north grew rapidly along with the popularity of humanist ideas.
-
-
Two things that I think are important from this time is the religious liberty that came from Anabaptists and the transformed Europe's religious landscape that was made due to the Lutheranism.
-
-
Bill of Rights and the declaration of independence. Also proof that Enlightenment thoughts work.