Civil rights

By Nature210586

  • Jackie Robinson breaks the color barrier

    Jackie Robinson became the first black player in Major League Baseball, integrating professional sports and challenging racial segregation.
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  • Executive Order 9981

    President Harry Truman ordered the desegregation of the U.S. military, setting a precedent for racial integration in federal institutions.

  • Brown v. Board of education

    The Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation in public schools were unconstitutional,overturning Plessy v. Ferguson and setting a legal precedent for desegregation

  • Montgomery bus boycott

    Sparked by Rosa Parks’ arrest, this year-long boycott led to the desegregation of public buses and demonstrated the power of nonviolent protest.

  • Little Rock Nine and School Integration

    Nine Black students faced violent resistance when integrating Little Rock Central High School in Arkansas, leading President Eisenhower to send federal troops to enforce desegregation.

  • Greensboro Sit-Ins

    Four Black college students staged a sit-in at a segregated Woolworth’s lunch counter in North Carolina, sparking a nationwide wave of nonviolent protests against segregation.

  • Freedom Rides

    Black and white civil rights activists rode interstate buses into the segregated South to challenge non-enforcement of Supreme Court rulings that banned segregation in public transportation.

  • March on Washington

    Over 250,000 people gathered at the Lincoln Memorial, where Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his famous “I Have a Dream” speech, pushing for civil rights legislation.

  • Civil Rights Act of 1964

    This landmark legislation outlawed segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

  • Mississippi Freedom Summer

    A voter registration drive aimed at increasing Black voter participation in the South faced violent resistance, including the murder of three civil rights workers.

  • Voting Rights Act of 1965

    Following violent resistance to Black voter registration efforts, this law eliminated literacy tests and other barriers to voting, significantly increasing Black voter participation.

  • Loving v. Virginia

    The Supreme Court ruled that laws banning interracial marriage were unconstitutional, striking down state laws that upheld racial discrimination in marriage.

  • Fair Housing Act

    Fair Housing Act ,passed after Martin Luther King Jr.’s assassination, this law prohibited racial discrimination in housing, addressing segregation in neighborhoods and lending practices.

  • Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education

    The Supreme Court upheld busing as a method to desegregate schools, reinforcing federal commitment to racial integration.

  • Shirley Chisholm Runs for President

    As the first Black woman to seek a major party’s nomination, Chisholm challenged racial and gender barriers in American politics.

  • Bakke v. University of California

    While slightly beyond 1975, this case shaped affirmative action policies, highlighting the ongoing impact of the Civil Rights Movement on education and equal opportunity.