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Is the oldest surviving complete musical composition. It was a melody composed by a man for his deceased wife. It was written in greek. It,s in the National Museum of Dinamarca, in Copenhague. It was discovered in 1883 by William Mitchell Connor Ramsay in Turkey and kept in a museum in Izmir until it was lost during the Asia Minor Holocaust. It was later rediscovered, worn at its base and with the last line of text erased.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6-2IR4mpf7U -
Gregorian chant is the central tradition of Western plainchant, a form of monophonic, unaccompanied sacred chant in Latin of the Roman Catholic Church. Gregorian chant developed primarily in Western and Central Europe during the 9th and 10th centuries, with later additions and redactions. -
He was an Italian Benedictine monk and music theorist who is one of the central figures in the music of the Middle Ages. He established a name for each note of the scale, based on the first syllable of each verse of the hymn dedicated to Saint John the Baptist. He originated the current musical writing, establishing the position of each note in four horizontal parallel lines (tetagram). -
She was a 12th-century German Benedictine nun, abbess, and polymath, recognized as a saint and doctor of the Church. She was noted for her mystical visions, her work as a writer, philosopher, composer, and scientist, and her work as a physician -
Ars antiqua, also called Ars veterum or Ars vetus, refers to the music of late medieval Europe between approximately 1170 and 1310, spanning the period of the Notre Dame School of polyphony and the years after. The first polyphonic form was the organum that adds a second voice to a Gregorian chant melody, wich moves parallel to the first.
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He was a popular troubador, composer and Provençal poet. His songs main themes were the courtly love, devotion to the lady, beauty and the suffering of love. He was one of the first to develop the classical form of the canso (a lyrical love song) and his style influenced the poetry of later troubadours, especially to the trouvères of north of France and European courtly poetry. -
Leonin or Magister Leoninus is, along with Perotín, the first known composer of polyphonic organum, associated with the Notre Dame School. In 1192 he was ordained a priest at Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris. He is credited with creating the Magnus liber organi, the great book of organa, a style of composition from the mid-12th century, used in Notre Dame around 1200. -
Perotin was a medieval French composer, who was born in Paris between 1155 and 1160 and died around 1230. He is considered the most important composer of the Notre Dame School of Paris, where the polyphonic style began to take shape. -
Alfonso X "the Wise" was King of Castile and León from 1252 to 1284. He is known for his significant cultural and legislative work, including the codification of laws in Castilian, the founding of Castilian prose, and the promotion of the Toledo School of Translators. He was also an important economic, military, and political reformer. -
Ars nova is an expression that designates musical production, both French and Italian, after the last works of the ars antiqua until the predominance of the Burgundian school, which would occupy the first place in the musical panorama of the West in the 15th century.
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He was a medieval French clergyman, poet, and composer. He contributed to the development of the motet and secular song. He composed the Notre Dame Mass in four parts, which is the earliest known polyphonic mass written by a single composer. His compositional style, in both his sacred and secular works, influenced numerous later composers. -
He was an Italian composer, organist, singer, poet, instrument maker, and astrologer. He was one of the most famous and admired composers of the second half of the 14th century and the most famous composer in Italy. He was blind since he was a kid, that´s why he decided to dedicate to music. -
He was a German goldsmith, inventor of the modern printing press with movable type, around 1450. Before its invention, books were copied by hand, a slow and expensive process reserved only for monasteries and the nobility. With the printing press, the reproduction of texts became fast, accurate, and accessible, allowing for the mass dissemination of knowledge. His most famous work, the Gutenberg Bible, marked the beginning of the printing age and transformed culture and education in Europe. -
Juan del Encina was a musician, poet, and playwright of the Spanish Pre-Renaissance, who is considered one of the great creators of religious and secular polyphony of the late 15th and early 16th centuries. He is the most outstanding composer of secular music. He is considered the initiator and patriarch of Spanish theatre.[1][2] His beginnings can be dated to Christmas 1492, when he performed two theatrical eclogues before the Dukes of Alba in which shepherds announce the birth of Christ. -
Martin Luther, born Martin Luder, was a theologian, philosopher, and Augustinian Catholic friar who started and was the main promoter of the Protestant Reformation in Germany and whose teachings inspired the theological and cultural doctrine known as Lutheranism. The result was the separation of his followers, the Protestants, from the Catholic Church. Three years before his death, he wrote several treatises on Christian anti-Judaism, the most famous being called: On the Jews and Their Lies. -
Cristóbal de Morales, a Spanish Catholic priest and choirmaster, was the main representative of the Andalusian polyphonic school and one of the three great figures, along with Tomás Luis de Victoria and Francisco Guerrero, of Spanish Renaissance polyphonic composition. He trained as a choirboy in the Seville Cathedral choir. He had a difficult personality, aware of his exceptional talent but unable to get along with those of lesser musical ability. -
He was a celebrated organist, harpist, and composer of the Spanish Renaissance. Blind from an early age, he developed a musical sensitivity that led him to become a chamber musician for Charles V and Philip II. In 1526 he was organist of the musical chapel of Empress Isabella of Portugal, and in 1538 he entered the service of Emperor Charles I as organist of his Castilian chapel, where he had to come into contact with the singers of the emperor's Flemish chapel. -
He was an Italian Renaissance composer of sacred music and the best-known representative of the Roman School of musical composition of the 16th century. He had a lasting influence on the development of church and secular music in Europe, especially on the development of counterpoint, and his work is considered the culmination of Renaissance polyphony. He was one of the main composers in Rome with Orlando di Lasso. -
He was a Franco-Flemish composer of the late Renaissance. Along with Palestrina and Victoria, he is considered one of the most influential composers of the 16th century. He was one of the main composers in Rome. His compositions were exclusively religious and the style was sober, simple and clear. He wrote more than 2,233 compositions, including vocal music with lyrics in Latin, French, Italian, and German, in all the genres known in his time. -
Andrea Gabrieli was an Italian composer and organist of the late Renaissance. Uncle of perhaps the more famous composer Giovanni Gabrieli, he was the first internationally renowned member of the Venetian School of composers. He had a great influence on the dissemination of the Venetian style in both Italy and Germany.He acquired and maintained a reputation as one of the finest composers. Working within the unique acoustic space of the basilica, he develop his distinctive ceremonial style. -
Maddalena Casulana was an Italian composer, lutenist, and singer of the late Renaissance. She was the first female composer in the history of Western music to have an entire volume of her music printed and published.Her works were primarily madrigals, compositions for three to six voices, usually sung a cappella or with musical accompaniment. They were short and often dealt with themes of love. In her works, Maddalena wrote about how difficult it was to be a female composer in her time. -
He was a Catholic priest, choirmaster, and celebrated polyphonic composer of the Spanish Renaissance. He has been considered one of the most important and advanced composers of his time, with an innovative style that foreshadowed the imminent Baroque period. He studied in Italy and there he met Palestrina, whose influence can be seen in his works. The most famous work of Tomás Luis de Victoria is the "Officium Defunctorum" (Office of the Dead), composed in 1605. -
Giovanni Gabrieli was an Italian composer and organist, born and died in Venice. One of the most influential musicians of his time, he represents the culmination of the Venetian school, marking the transition from Renaissance to Baroque music. He was responsible for compiling and editing his uncle's work. The result was the publication of the Concerti. He composed several works in his uncle's style, but further emphasizing the contrasts with greater drama and color. -
Carlo Gesualdo, Prince of Venosa and Count of Conza, was an Italian composer, one of the most significant figures in late Renaissance music, known for his intensely expressive madrigals and sacred music pieces with a chromaticism that would not be heard again until the late 19th century. The most notorious event of his life was the murder of his first wife and her lover, whom he caught "in flagrante delicto." -
He was an Italian composer, viol player, singer, choir director, and priest. He composed both secular and sacred music and marked the transition between the polyphonic and madrigal tradition of the 16th century and the birth of lyric drama and opera in the 17th century. He is a crucial figure in the transition between Renaissance and Baroque music. Some of his importants compositions are the operas L'Orfeo, L'Arianna, Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria and L'incoronazione di Poppea. -
He was one of the most eminent Italian composers of the early Baroque period and one of the main representatives of the Roman School. In 1627 he was appointed choirmaster in Assisi, and from 1628 until his death he served as choirmaster at the church of Sant'Apollinare in Rome. He composed masses, oratorios, motets and cantatas, the most importants are Jefté, Sacrificed d'Isacco, Lamentatio damnatorum and Judicium Salomonis. -
She was an Italian composer and singer known for her vocal music during the Baroque period. She composed solo songs, cantatas, and madrigals, showcasing emotional depth and virtuosic vocal writing. Strozzi´s compositions, often set her own poetry, explore themes of love and female empowerment. Despite the challenges she faced as a female composer, Strozzi,s music remains celebrated for its artistic merit and unique voice. -
He was an English Baroque composer. Considered one of the greatest English composers of all time, he incorporated French and Italian stylistic elements into his music, creating a uniquely English style of Baroque music. The first work that can be identified with certainty as being by him is the Ode for the King's Birthday, written in 1670. Henry Purcell composed a total of 861 works. His work was influenced by three styles: English music, French music and Italian music. -
He was an Italian composer and violinist renowned for his contribution to the Baroque period. His most famous work is the set of violin concertos The Four Seasons, it shows his mastery of composition and musical innovation. He composed a wide variety of music, with operas, concertos, and sacred music. His style is characterised by its energy, virtuosity, and imaginative use of the rhythm after his death, it experience a revival in the 20th century and is known for its beauty and originality. -
He was a German Baroque composer, but his work also exhibited characteristics of early Classicism. He was a contemporary of Johann Sebastian Bach and George Frideric Handel. Telemann described his early lessons with clarity and sound critical judgment, clearly demonstrating his innovative approach to the music of his time. He was never able to count the number of his compositions, traveled extensively, absorbing diverse musical studies and incorporating them into his own work. -
He was a German composer and musician known for his remarkable works in the Baroque period. Is recognised for his operatic compositions, orations, and instrumental music. His most famous work is the oratorio Messiah, wich includes the renowned chorus Hallelujah. He excelled in melodic composition and had a talent for creating emotive and grandiose works. His musical legacy continues to be widely performed and appreciated worlwide, and he is considered one of the most influential composers. -
He was a German composer and musician considered one of the greatest in history. HIs work encompasses a wide range of genres, from choral and religious music to instrumental compositions. Is renowned for his mastery of counterpoint and his ability to blend technical complexity with musical beauty. His most important works include the Passions, the Brandenburg Concertos, the Goldberg Variations, and The Well-Tempered Clavier. His music continues to be performed and cherished worldwide. -
He was a German composer from the Bohemia region of the Czech Republic. He is considered one of the most important opera composers of the Classical period in the second half of the 18th century. He completely reformed opera by eliminating and replacing different element, such as castrati and giving imporatance to the plot. Among his most highly regarded works are Orfeo ed Euridice and Alceste, premiered in Vienna, and Iphigénie en Áulide, Armide, and Iphigénie en Táuride, premiered in Paris. -
Hayden was a prominent Austrian composer of the Classical period and one of the fathers of the symphony and string quartet. He is known for his innovate approach and mastery of musical form. He has works of a wide range of styles and renges. He left a lasting musical legacy and remains an influential figure in the history of Classical music. Three of the imporatants works of Hayden are: the Symphony "Surprise Symphony", the String Cuartet the "Emperor Quartet" and the Oratorio " The Creation". -
Antonio Stradivari was the most prominent Italian luthier. He is the most celebrated stringed instrument maker in music. He began to show originality and make alterations to Amati's violin designs. The Stradivarius is one of the stringed instruments built by members of the Italian Stradivari family, particularly by Antonio Stradivari. Stradivarius instruments are highly valued by the world's leading performers and antique collectors. The Stradivarius store is named after its violins. -
Also known as Nannerl Mozart, she was a famous musician of the 18th century. She was the older sister of Mozart. She was a prominent pianist of the 18th century. She began playing and composing music as a child and amazed Europe with her talent, but social norms limited her career as a composer. She composed several works of his own, but they have not been preserved to this day. Later, she devoted herself to teaching, marriage, and family life, and her talent was overshadowed by Wolfgang's. -
He was a renowned composer of the classical era, born in Salzburg, Austria. He displayed exceptional musical talent from a young age and composed his first pieces at a very early stage. His compositions spanned various genres and characteristics. His life was cut short and he died at the age of 35. His legacy endures throught his timeless compositions, wich continue to inspire audiences worldwide. He was an expert playing the piano and the violin. His most imporatant work was The Magic Flute -
She was a prominent Austrian pianist, singer, and composer. She became blind at the age of three, but received an excellent musical education and was supported by Empress Maria Theresa. She toured Europe and was admired by musicians such as Mozart and Haydn. She composed a lot of operas, sacred music, and piano works, but unfornately many have been lost. She also founded a school for the musical education of blind people. It is believed that Mozart wrote his Piano Concerto number 18 for her. -
He was a renowned composer and pianist of the classical and early Romantic eras. Born in Bonn, Germany, his compositions marked a transition from the classical style to the expressive and dramatic characteristics of Romantic music. His works include a lot of genres and emotions. Despite facing hearing loss later in life, he continued to create groundbreaking music until his death in 1827. Three of the most imporatants and recognizable works are: "Ode to Joy", "Moonlight Sonata" and "Fate". -
Born in Pesaro to musician parents, his father was a trumpeter and his mother a singer, he began composing at age 12 and was educated at the music school in Bologna. His first opera was performed in Venice in 1810 when he was 18 years old. In 1815, he committed himself to writing operas and directing theaters in Naples. He gained fame for his 39 operas, although he also wrote many songs, some chamber music and piano pieces, and some sacred music. His most famous work it´s The Barber of Seville. -
He was an Austrian composer renowned for his melodic beauty and emotional depth. Despite his short life, he impacts on the Romantic era has lasted until the present day. His legacy includes more than six hundred secular vocal works and a wide variety of complete symphonies, sacred music, operas, incidental music, and also works for piano and chamber music. Two destacable work of him are: the "Trout" Quintet and the "Unfinished" Symphony. His work marked the change classicism and romanticism. -
Berlioz was born in France, in La Côte-Saint-André, between Lyon and Grenoble. His father was a physician who sent young Hector to Paris in 1821 to study medicine. Berlioz was horrified by the dissection process and, despite his father's disapproval, abandoned his studies to pursue music. He attended the Paris Conservatory, where he studied composition and opera, and was deeply impressed by the work and innovations of his teacher, Jean-François Lesueur. -
Mendelssohn, was a German composer, conductor, and pianist of Romantic music, a member of the same family as the pianist and composer Fanny Mendelssohn and the philosopher Moses Mendelssohn. His initial success in Germany was followed by a tour throughout Europe; Mendelssohn was particularly well received in England as a composer, conductor, and soloist, and his ten visits there, during which he premiered most of his works, formed an important part of his adult career. -
He was a French-Polish composer, virtuoso pianist, and teacher, considered one of the most important in history and one of the greatest representatives of musical Romanticism, who wrote primarily for solo piano. He has maintained a worldwide reputation as one of the leading musicians of his era, whose "poetic genius was based on a professional technique unmatched in his generation."All of his compositions feature the piano. Most are for solo piano, although he also wrote two piano concertos. -
He was a German composer, pianist and music critic of the 19th century, considered one of the most important and representative composers of the Romanticism. He abandoned his law studies with the intention of pursuing a career as a virtuoso pianist. His teacher Friedrich Wieck had assured him that he could become the best pianist in Europe, but an injury to his hand ended this dream so he focused his musical energies on composition. One of his most famous work of his legacy is "Kreisleriana". -
Franz Liszt was an Austro-Hungarian Romantic composer, a virtuoso pianist, conductor, piano teacher, arranger, and Franciscan layman. His Hungarian name was Liszt Ferencz, according to modern usage Liszt Ferenc, and from 1859 to 1865 he was officially known as Franz Ritter von Liszt. He became famous in Europe during the 19th century for his skill as a performer. His contemporaries claimed he was the most technically advanced pianist of his time and the greatest of all time. -
Wilhelm Richard Wagner was a German composer, conductor, poet, essayist, playwright, and music theorist of the Romantic era. His operas are particularly noteworthy, as he, unlike many other composers, also wrote the libretto and designed the sets. En sus inicios, fundó su reputación como compositor de obras como El holandés errante y Tannhäuser, que seguían la tradición romántica de Weber y Meyerbeer. Transformó el pensamiento musical con la idea de la obra de arte total -
He was an Italian composer renowned for his operas, celebrated for their dramatic intensity and melodic richness. With his various compositions he leaves a lasting impact on the opera genre. He became for a short time a politician but he was a private person, he didn´t try to ingratiate himself with popular movements and as he became globally recognizable, he reduced his operatic workload and sought to establish himself as a landowner in his native region. His most famous work is "La Traviata." -
Clara Schumann, was a German pianist, composer, and piano teacher. She was one of the great European concert pianists of the 19th century, and her career was instrumental in popularizing the compositions of her husband. Considered one of the most distinguished pianists of the Romantic era, she exerted her influence over a 61-year concert career, transforming the format and repertoire of the piano recital from virtuoso displays to programs of works. She also composed pieces for solo piano. -
He was a composer born in Bohemia, although during his lifetime it was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He was a pioneer in the development of a musical style that became closely linked to Czech nationalism. Smetana had a natural talent for the piano and gave his first recital at the age of six. After receiving a conventional education at school, he studied music with Josef Proksch in Prague. -
He was a German composer, pianist, and conductor of the Romantic period. Born into a Lutheran family, he spent much of his professional life in Vienna. Known for his classical style, he upheld traditions while incorporating Romantic expression. He had significant friendships with other composers and was influenced by Central European folk music. He left a lasting legacy wich has remained until today, including works such as “Hungarian Dance No. 5” and "Symphony No. 1 in C minor". -
He was a Russian composer, member of the group "The Five." Among his most notable works are the opera Boris Godunov, the symphonic poem Night on Bald Mountain, and the piano suite Pictures at an Exhibition . Mussorgsky was a composer who sought to break with traditional Western musical conventions. His aim was to create a style that sounded distinctly Russian. Many of his works are inspired by Russian history, folklore, and national themes, making his music highly representative of his country. -
Pyotr Ilyich Chaikovski was a Russian composer of the Romantic period. He is the author of some of the most famous classical music works in the current repertoire, such as the ballets Swan Lake, Sleeping Beauty and The Nutcracker, the 1812 Overture, the Romeo and Juliet Fantasy Overture, the First Piano Concerto, the Violin Concerto, his Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Symphonies and the operas Eugene Onegin and The Queen of Spades. -
He was a post-Romantic composer from Bohemia, one of the first Czech composers to achieve worldwide recognition and one of the great composers of the second half of the 19th century. He frequently employed rhythms and other aspects of the folk music of Moravia and his native Bohemia, following the example of his predecessor, the Romantic-era nationalist Bedřich Smetana. -
He was a Norwegian composer and pianist, considered one of the leading figures of late Romanticism. He adapted many themes and songs from his country's folklore, thus contributing to the creation of a Norwegian national identity. His most important works include the Piano Concerto in A minor, the intimate Lyric Pieces, and especially Peer Gynt. Grieg is the most celebrated person in the city of Bergen, with numerous statues depicting his likeness and many cultural entities bearing his name. -
Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov was a Russian composer, conductor, and pedagogue, a member of the group of composers known as The Five. Considered a master of orchestration, his best-known orchestral works—the Capriccio Espagnol, the Russian Easter Overture, and the symphonic suite Scheherazade—are highly regarded in the classical music repertoire, as are suites and excerpts from some of his fifteen operas. Scheherazade exemplifies his frequent use of fairy tales and folk themes. -
He was an Italian opera composer, considered one of the greatest of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was a visionary, creator of the musical concepts that would govern cinema throughout the 20th century. His first opera was Le Villi and his first triumph was Manon Lescaut. In addition to twelve operas, Puccini wrote other notable works, such as a Messa di Gloria, an Inno a Roma, a Capriccio Sinfonico, two symphonic preludes, and three minuets for string quartet. -
He was an Austrian composer of Slovenian origin who lived in Vienna during the late 19th century. He was a very enthusiastic person, but also very unbalanced. He excelled in the genre of lied, in which he published several anthologies of poems grouped by the names of the poets from whom he had taken them. In addition to lieder, he also composed Italian Serenade for chamber orchestra, a symphonic poem Penthesilea, and a complete opera Der Corregidor. His mosts importants works are Mörike-Lieder. -
He was an Austro-Bohemian composer and conductor whose works are considered ones of the most important of the post-Romantic period. He was one of the most important orchestra and opera conductors of his time. After graduating from the Vienna Conservatory in 1878, he conducted several increasingly important orchestras in various European opera houses, reaching in 1897, which was considered the most notable: the Vienna Court Opera. His most important work is the Symphony “Resurrection”. -
He was a French composer and one of the most influential composers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He wrote orchestral works like Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune, Nocturnes, Images and La mer. His piano works include sets of 24 Préludes and 12 Études. Throughout his career he wrote mélodies based on wide poetry. Some of his works that has important parts for chorus are La Damoiselle élue and Le Martyre de saint Sébastien. -
He was a Finnish composer and violinist of the late Romantic and early Modern periods. He is widely recognized as his country's greatest composer and, through his music, is often credited with helping Finland develop a national identity during its struggle for independence from Russia. The core of his work is his set of seven symphonies which, like the rest of his most important works, continue to be performed and recorded in his native country and internationally. -
He was an Austrian and American composer, music theorist, teacher and writer. He was one of the first modernists who transformed the practice of harmony in 20th-century classical music. His early works, like Verklärte Nacht, show the influence of Brahms and Wagner. He mentored composers like Anton Webern and Alban Berg, and together they published in Der Blaue Reiter, expressionist music (attracting fame). Some of his most important works are String Quartet No. 2, Erwartung, and Pierrot lunaire. -
He was a French composer, pianist and conductor. He was one of the most important composers of the 20th century and he was associated with Impressionism. Ravel found his own way as a composer, with music known for its great clarity, and, incorporating elements of modernism. Mixing baroque, neoclassicism and jazz. His best-known work is Boléro, based on repetition. He was also famous because of his abilities in orchestration, especially in 1922 version of Mussorgsky's Pictures at an Exhibition. -
He was a Spanish composer and pianist, one of Spain's most important musicians of the first half of the 20th century. In 1889, he continued his piano lessons with Alejandro Odero and learned the techniques of harmony and counterpoint from Enrique Broca. Some of his best-known works are the ballet El amor brujo, the orchestral piece Noches en los jardines de España, El sombrero de tres picos, and the opera La vida breve. -
He was a Hungarian composer, pianist and ethnomusicologist. He is considered one of the most important composers of the 20th century. Though his collection, he was especially interested in folk music. And, his famous works are the opera Bluebeard's Castle, the ballet The Miraculous Mandarin, Music for Strings, Percussion and Celesta, the Concerto for Orchestra and six string quartets. He and Franz Liszt are known as Hungary's greatest composers. -
He was a Russian composer and conductor with French citizenship and American citizenship. He is considered one of the most important and influential composers of the 20th century. His compositional career is divided in 3 periods: his Russian period, his neoclassical period, and his serial period. Stravinsky grew up taking piano and music theory lessons. He wrote three ballets for the Ballets Russes's Paris seasons: The Firebird in 1910, Petrushka in 1911, and The Rite of Spring in 1913. -
He was a Spanish composer of classical music. He was born in Seville and studied in Seville and Madrid. He lived in Paris for 9 years (1905-1914), where he took composition lessons from Vincent d'Indy at the Schola Cantorum de Paris. His works include the operas Margot and Jardín de Oriente, the Danzas fantásticas, La oración del torero, chamber music, piano works, guitar pieces and songs. Most of his work shows the influence of traditional Andalusian music. -
He was a Hungarian composer, ethnomusicologist, music pedagogue, linguist, and philosopher. He is well known internationally for creating the Kodály method of music education. His music combines classical European traditions (late-romantic, impressionistic and modernist traditions) with Hungarian folk music. One of his best-known pieces is Psalmus Hungaricus, which its first performance was at a concert to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the union of Buda and Pest. -
He was a Brazilian conductor and composer. His music was influenced by both Brazilian folk music and European classical music. He received musical instruction from his father. Even before 1899, the year of his father's death, Villa-Lobos had begun to pursue music professionally. He performed as a café musician playing the cello, although he was also an occasional performer on guitar, clarinet, and piano. -
He was born as Jacob Gershwine, and became one of the most important American composers and pianists of the time. He combined in his compositions jazz, popular and classical music. Some of his best-known works are the songs: Swanee and Fascinating Rhythm. He also wrote some orchestral compositions like Rhapsody in Blue and An American in Paris. And, he created popular jazz standards like Embraceable You and I Got Rhythm, and his well-known opera was Porgy and Bess. -
Messiaen was a French composer, organist, and ornithologist. And, one of the major composers of the 20th century. Messiaen had a great admiration for the music of Igor Stravinsky, so he used the rhythm in earlier works such as The Rite of Spring. Some of his most best-known works include the orchestral Turangalîla-Symphonie, the piano pieces Vingt Regards sur l’Enfant-Jésus and Catalogue d’Oiseaux, the chamber piece Quartet for the End of Time, and organ works like La Nativité du Seigneur. -
He was a French composer, writer, broadcaster, engineer, musicologist, acoustician and founder of the GRMC which is the Groupe de Recherche de Musique Concrète. Some of his best-known and most famous works include Études de bruits in 1948, Symphonie pour un homme seul in 1949, with Pierre Henry, and Cinq études de bruits in 1948. He is also best known for developing musique concrète, and recognized for his accomplishments in electronic and experimental music. -
He was an American composer and music theorist, he was also one of the leading figures of the post-war avant-garde. His best known work is the 1952 composition 4′33″, a piece performed in the absence of deliberate sound musicians who perform the work do nothing but be present for the duration specified by the title. Cage was also a pioneer of the prepared piano or which he wrote numerous dance-related works and a some concert pieces. These include Sonatas and Interludes. -
Pierre Henry was a French composer known for his significant contributions to musique concrète. Henry collaborated with British rock band Spooky Tooth on the album Ceremony. And some oh his most important/well-known pieces are Variations pour une porte et un soupir in 1963, Messe pour le temps présent in 1967, and Le Voyage in 1994. Also, he wrote the 1950 piece Symphonie pour un homme seul, with Schaeffer (collaboration). -
Philip Glass is an American composer and pianist. He is considered as one of the most influential composers of the late 20th century. He wrote 15 operas, so many chamber operas and musical theatre works, 14 symphonies, 12 concertos, 9 string quartets, and many film scores. He has received nominations for four Grammy Awards. He has received three Academy Award for Best Original Score nominations for Martin Scorsese's Kundun in 1997, Stephen Daldry's The Hours in 2002.