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Evil Spirts
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tribal doctors performed ceremonies to exorcise the evil spirts
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Digitalis, used for heart conditions
Quinine, used to control fevers relieve muscle spasms and prevent malaria
Belladonna and atrophied, used to relieve muscle spasms and in gastrointestinal pain
Morphine, used for pain -
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Health records, they were the first people to keep accurate records to know the patients history to know the best way to treat the patients
Who are physicians, the priests acted as physicians
How did they heal, they used medicine for diseases they learned how to splint fractures and they treated disorders by bloodletting with leaches -
Development of acupuncture, they learned to treat various of diseases and illnesses by the use of stone tools. Some methods after still used today.
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Illness cause Nature vs. Spiritual, first to study diseases and determine that they have to do with nature rather than supernatural forces
Dissection, there religion didnt allow bodies to be dissected
Hippocrates, he based his knowledge off of anatomy and physiology of the external body, he kept records of symptoms of many diseases and confirmed that diseases were not caused by supernatural forces but by nature, wrote the oath of Hippocrates -
Sanitation Systems, Roman’s learned from the Greeks that disease were spread by the lack of sanitation and the Roman’s started to carry clean water into their city’s by aqueducts
Organize medical care, first to have organized medical care, sent physicians with armies to treat the injured soldiers
Hospital development, the beginning of hospitals was that physicians kept a room in their houses for the ill -
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After the Roman Empire was taking down by the Huns they stopped medical research for 1000 years bc they believed that life and death was in gods hands. Medication was a combination of herbal mixtures. Pray was a the primary was of treatment.
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Herbal mixtures, and prayer
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caused millions of deaths, Bubonic plague killed 60 million people, other diseases- smallpox, diphtheria, syphilis, and tuberculosis. Today we have vaccines to control these diseases
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Universities, medical schools for research
Dissection, acceptance only for body study
Books, having access to printing press allowed more knowledge and research -
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Recorded anatomy of the body -
discovered the fallopian tubes of female anatomy
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discovered the tibe leading from the ear to the throat, Eustachio tube
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understood physiology, described the circulation of blood and the pumping of the heart
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invented microscope, established that there is smaller life, found the bacteria that causes tooth decay
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apothecaries engage in a trade of drugs and spices
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discover bifocals and that colds could be passed from person to person -
They did not just learn in a class room but got to experience and observe sick people.
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Discoved the element of oxygen, plants refresh air that has lost its oxygen making it unable for respiration -
discovered a method of vaccination for smallpox, saved millions of lives, led to immunization and preventive medicine on public health
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invented the stethososcope, made out of wood, made to hear the heart and lungs to tell if there’s an illness -
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found the cause of childbed fever, it was from physicians that would dissect a body and then deliver a baby without washing hands or changing clothes. Eventually cleanseyness became a requirement.
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Founder of modern nursing and sanitation, established a nursing school. -
discovered the microorganism were everywhere and caused disease, also discover that heating milk killed bacteria, created vaccines for rabies in 1885
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discoved that someme diseases were caused by virus that a microscope could not see -
Microorganisms cause infections, first dr to use antiseptic during surgery, helped prevent infection
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developed asepsis, devolved a method that kept an area germ-free before ands during surgry
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discovered many disease-causing organisms, developed the culture plate method to identify pathogens and also isolate the bateria that caused tb introduced the importance of sanitation -
Discovered the effects of medicine on disease causing microorganisms, didnt kill all but some, 606 experiments before he found a treatment that worked. Discovered we couple uses chemicals to fight disease.
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discovered X-rays, took first X ray pic
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Nitrous oxide and chloroform was descovered, knocked people pout so they didnt feel pain during surgery -
Found that penicillin killed life threatening bacteria, before people died from illnesses we declared uncureable.
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dicovered the conscious and unconscious parts of the mind, mind and body work together, led to understanding of psychosomatic illness
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discovered sulfonamide compounds, first medicine in killing bacteria
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dicovered that dead polio virus would cause immunity to poliomyelitits, discovered the vaccine
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used a polio virus vaxxine which is more effective, is used today on babies -
Discoved the molecular structure of DNA, explained how dna replicates and how hereditary info is coded on it
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performed the first heart transplant
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seperating Siamese twins and performing hemispherectimeis, and surgery on the brain to stop seizures -
nurces vistiting homes of patients
After surgery patients are help in the hospital for several days before being sent home
Telemedicine, consultive diagnostic and treatment services, electronic communication
Organ transplants
Better understandment of medication] -