Schramm History of Health Care Timeline

  • Period: 4000 BCE to 3000 BCE

    Early Beginings

  • 3900 BCE

    Disease Caused by?

    Evil Spirts
  • 3600 BCE

    Treatments for sick

    tribal doctors performed ceremonies to exorcise the evil spirts
  • 3100 BCE

    Medicines used today

    Digitalis, used for heart conditions
    Quinine, used to control fevers relieve muscle spasms and prevent malaria
    Belladonna and atrophied, used to relieve muscle spasms and in gastrointestinal pain
    Morphine, used for pain
  • Period: 2999 BCE to 399

    Ancient Times

  • 2900 BCE

    Ancient Egyptians

    Health records, they were the first people to keep accurate records to know the patients history to know the best way to treat the patients
    Who are physicians, the priests acted as physicians
    How did they heal, they used medicine for diseases they learned how to splint fractures and they treated disorders by bloodletting with leaches
  • 1900 BCE

    Ancient Chinese

    Development of acupuncture, they learned to treat various of diseases and illnesses by the use of stone tools. Some methods after still used today.
  • 900 BCE

    Ancient Greeks

    Ancient  Greeks
    Illness cause Nature vs. Spiritual, first to study diseases and determine that they have to do with nature rather than supernatural forces
    Dissection, there religion didnt allow bodies to be dissected
    Hippocrates, he based his knowledge off of anatomy and physiology of the external body, he kept records of symptoms of many diseases and confirmed that diseases were not caused by supernatural forces but by nature, wrote the oath of Hippocrates
  • 100

    Ancient Romans

    Sanitation Systems, Roman’s learned from the Greeks that disease were spread by the lack of sanitation and the Roman’s started to carry clean water into their city’s by aqueducts
    Organize medical care, first to have organized medical care, sent physicians with armies to treat the injured soldiers
    Hospital development, the beginning of hospitals was that physicians kept a room in their houses for the ill
  • Period: 400 to 800

    Dark Age

  • 500

    Stopped the study of medicine, why?

    After the Roman Empire was taking down by the Huns they stopped medical research for 1000 years bc they believed that life and death was in gods hands. Medication was a combination of herbal mixtures. Pray was a the primary was of treatment.
  • 700

    How do they treat disease?

    Herbal mixtures, and prayer
  • Period: 800 to 1400

    Middle Age

  • 1100

    Epidemics

    caused millions of deaths, Bubonic plague killed 60 million people, other diseases- smallpox, diphtheria, syphilis, and tuberculosis. Today we have vaccines to control these diseases
  • Period: 1350 to

    Renaissance

  • 1450

    Rebirth

    Universities, medical schools for research
    Dissection, acceptance only for body study
    Books, having access to printing press allowed more knowledge and research
  • Period: 1505 to

    16th and 17th Centuries

  • 1515

    Leonardo da Vinci

    Leonardo da Vinci
    Recorded anatomy of the body
  • 1550

    Gabrielle Fallopius

    discovered the fallopian tubes of female anatomy
  • 1563

    Bartolommeo Eustachio

    discovered the tibe leading from the ear to the throat, Eustachio tube
  • William Harvey

    understood physiology, described the circulation of blood and the pumping of the heart
  • Antoine von Leeuwenhoek

    invented microscope, established that there is smaller life, found the bacteria that causes tooth decay
  • Apothecaries

    apothecaries engage in a trade of drugs and spices
  • Period: to

    18th Century

  • Benjamin Franklin

    Benjamin Franklin
    discover bifocals and that colds could be passed from person to person
  • Medical students learning

    They did not just learn in a class room but got to experience and observe sick people.
  • Joseph Prestley

    Joseph Prestley
    Discoved the element of oxygen, plants refresh air that has lost its oxygen making it unable for respiration
  • Edward Jenner

    discovered a method of vaccination for smallpox, saved millions of lives, led to immunization and preventive medicine on public health
  • Rene Laennec

    Rene Laennec
    invented the stethososcope, made out of wood, made to hear the heart and lungs to tell if there’s an illness
  • Period: to

    19th and 20th Centuries

  • Ignacio Semmelweis

    found the cause of childbed fever, it was from physicians that would dissect a body and then deliver a baby without washing hands or changing clothes. Eventually cleanseyness became a requirement.
  • Florence Nightingale

    Florence Nightingale
    Founder of modern nursing and sanitation, established a nursing school.
  • Louis Pasteur

    discovered the microorganism were everywhere and caused disease, also discover that heating milk killed bacteria, created vaccines for rabies in 1885
  • Dimitri Ivanovski

    Dimitri Ivanovski
    discoved that someme diseases were caused by virus that a microscope could not see
  • Joseph Lister

    Microorganisms cause infections, first dr to use antiseptic during surgery, helped prevent infection
  • Ernst von Bergman

    developed asepsis, devolved a method that kept an area germ-free before ands during surgry
  • Robert Koch

    Robert Koch
    discovered many disease-causing organisms, developed the culture plate method to identify pathogens and also isolate the bateria that caused tb introduced the importance of sanitation
  • Paul Ehrlich

    Discovered the effects of medicine on disease causing microorganisms, didnt kill all but some, 606 experiments before he found a treatment that worked. Discovered we couple uses chemicals to fight disease.
  • Wilhelm Roentgen

    discovered X-rays, took first X ray pic
  • Anesthesia

    Anesthesia
    Nitrous oxide and chloroform was descovered, knocked people pout so they didnt feel pain during surgery
  • Sir Alexander Fleming

    Found that penicillin killed life threatening bacteria, before people died from illnesses we declared uncureable.
  • Sifmund Freud

    dicovered the conscious and unconscious parts of the mind, mind and body work together, led to understanding of psychosomatic illness
  • Gerard Domagk

    discovered sulfonamide compounds, first medicine in killing bacteria
  • Jonas Salk

    dicovered that dead polio virus would cause immunity to poliomyelitits, discovered the vaccine
  • Albert Sabin

    Albert Sabin
    used a polio virus vaxxine which is more effective, is used today on babies
  • Francis Crick and James Watson

    Discoved the molecular structure of DNA, explained how dna replicates and how hereditary info is coded on it
  • Christian Barnard

    performed the first heart transplant
  • Ben Carson

    Ben Carson
    seperating Siamese twins and performing hemispherectimeis, and surgery on the brain to stop seizures
  • 21st century adavancements

    nurces vistiting homes of patients
    After surgery patients are help in the hospital for several days before being sent home
    Telemedicine, consultive diagnostic and treatment services, electronic communication
    Organ transplants
    Better understandment of medication]
  • Period: to

    21st Century