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was a military expedition by Roman Catholic Europe to regain the Holy Lands taken in the Muslim conquests of the Levant (632–661), ultimately resulting in the recapture of Jerusalem in 1099.
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the first crusade is carried out in effort to aid Byzantine Christians against Muslim invaders
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Muslims and jews fought together to defend Jerusalem, but the city was capture by the crusaders
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The Second Crusade is launched to recapture territory recently lost to Muslim forces, but in the end only a few Greek islands are actually taken.
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Launched in response to the capture of Edessa by Muslims in The Second Crusade was accepted by European leaders primarily thanks for the effort of St. Bernard of Clairvaux who travelled across France, Germany, and Italy to exhort people to take up the cross and reassert Christian domination in the Holy Land.
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Muslim forces under the command of Imad ad-Din Zengi re-capture Edessa, originally taken by Crusaders under Baldwin of Boulogne in 1098. This event makes Zengi a hero among Muslims and leads to a call for a Second Crusade in Europe.
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Conrad III arrives at Constantinople with the remnants of his army of German Crusaders.
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By Frederick I Barbarossa, Richard I Lion Heart of England, and Philip II August of France for the control of the “The Holy land” Jerusalem.
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Muslim forces under Saladin capture the city of Tiberias but the garrison, led by Count Raymond's wife Eschiva, manage to hold out in the citadel. Christian forces camp at Sephoria in order to decide what to do. They don't have the strength to attack, but they are inspired to move forward by the image of Eschiva holding out.
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The Muslim armies under Saladin captured or killed the majority of the Crusader forces, removing their major capacity to win wars. As a direct result of the battle, Islamic forces once again became the eminent military power in the Holy Land, re-conquering Jerusalem and several other Crusader-held cities.
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Troops for the third crusade, called in response to the victories of Muslims under the command of Saladin, began to gather under King Philip II Augustus of France, King Henry II of England (shortly followed by his son, King Richard I), and Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I. Frederick drowned the next year on the way to Palestine - German folklore developed that asserted he was hidden in a mountain waiting to return and lead Germany to a new and brighter future.
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It was ultimately unsuccessful. Frederick I Barbarossa of Germany drowned before he even reached the Holy Land and Philip II Augustus of France returned home after a short period of time. Only Richard the Lion Heart of England stayed long.
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Is called to recapture Jerusalem. But it is diverted to Constantinople instead. The capital of the Byzantine Empire would be captured, sacked, and held by Latin rulers until 1261.
it would be finish in 1204. The crusaders established the Latin Empire (1204–1261) and other Latin states in the Byzantine lands they conquered. -
Constantinople, capital of the Byzantine Empire, falls to Crusading forces from Western Europe. Deposed emperor Isaac II is freed and resumes rule along side his son, Alexius IV, while Alexius III scape to Mosynopolis in Thrace. Unfortunately, there is no money to pay the Crusaders and the Byzantine nobility are infuriated at what happened.
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Finally favoured the Crusaders. A strong northern wind aided the Venetian ships in coming close to the walls. After a short battle, approximately seventy Crusaders managed to enter the city.
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The crusaders inflicted a horrible sacking on Constantinople for three days, during which many ancient and medieval Roman and Greek works were stolen or destroyed.
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Boniface leader of the Fourth Crusade and founder the Kingdom of Thessalonica, is killed by Kaloyan, Tsar of Bulgaria.
