Istockphoto 1342204258 612x612

Innovation of Heart Medications

By milesaway20
  • Period: to

    1950s - Digitalis Glycosides

    Digoxin was FDA approved in 1954. It is used to treat heart failure and arrhythmias by improving heart function.
    Pashkow, F. Issues in contemporary cardiac rehabilitation: A historical perspective. JACC. 1993 Mar, 21 (3) 822–834.https://doi.org/10.1016/0735-1097(93)90116-I

  • Digoxin

    Digoxin
  • Period: to

    1960s- Beta-Blockers

    The first beta-blocker, Propranolol, was FDA approved in 1967, was used to manage hypertension and arrhythmias. Beta-blockers block the effects of adrenaline, reducing heart rate and blood pressure.
    Srinivasan A. V. (2019). Propranolol: A 50-Year Historical Perspective. Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology, 22(1), 21–26. https://doi.org/10.4103/aian.AIAN_201_18

  • Propranolol

    Propranolol
  • Period: to

    1970s- Thiazide Diuretics

    In the 1970s, diuretics such as hydrochlorothiazide became treatments for managing high blood pressure. This is also known as hypertension. FDA approval for hydrochlorothiazide was in the year of 1977.
    Eknoyan G. A history of edema and its management. Kidney Int Suppl. 1997 Jun;59:S118-26. PMID: 9185118.
    Rosendorff C. (2011). Why are we still using hydrochlorothiazide?. Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 13(12), 867–869. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7176.2011.00566.x

  • Hydrochlorothiazide

    Hydrochlorothiazide
  • Period: to

    1980s- Statins

    The 1980s saw the development of statins, a class of drugs that lower cholesterol and are used to prevent cardiovascular disease. Lovastatin was the first statin approved by the FDA in 1987.
    Endo A. (2010). A historical perspective on the discovery of statins. Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and biological sciences, 86(5), 484–493. https://doi.org/10.2183/pjab.86.484

  • Lovastatin

    Lovastatin

  • Amlodipine

    Amlodipine
  • Period: to

    1990s- Calcium Channel Blockers

    Although FDA approved in 1987, Amlodipine wasn’t commonly used until the 1990s. Calcium channel blockers like amlodipine were developed to treat high blood pressure and prevent angina by relaxing the blood vessels.
    Timetoast

  • Losartan

    Losartan
  • Period: to

    2000s- Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)

    Losartan was developed in the 2000s, with FDA approval in 1995. This angiotensin receptor blocker (ARBs) provided an alternative to ACE inhibitors for controlling hypertension and heart failure.
    Abraham, H. M., White, C. M., White, W. B. (2015). The comparative efficacy and safety of the angiotensin receptor blockers in the management of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. Drug safety, 38(1), 33–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40264-014-0239-7
  • Period: to

    2010s- SGLT2 Inhibitors

    Originally developed for diabetes, empagliflozin, was found to be beneficial for heart failure, especially in patients with both diabetes and heart failure. FDA approval was in 2014.
    Talha, K. M., Anker, S. D., Butler, J. (2023). SGLT-2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure: A Review of Current Evidence. International journal of heart failure, 5(2), 82–90. https://doi.org/10.36628/ijhf.2022.0030

  • Empagliflozin

    Empagliflozin

  • Bempedoic Acid

    Bempedoic Acid
  • Period: to

    2020s- Adenosine Triphosphate-Citrate Lyase (ACL) inhibitors

    Bempedoic Acid is used to lower cholesterol. This works differently from statins, and became an option for patients who cannot tolerate statins. FDA approval was in 2020.
    Timetoast