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The Tudor dynasty was founded in 1485 by Elizabeth's grandfather, Henry VII, when he emerged victorious after the dynastic Wars of the Roses.
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Henry Tudor was crowned at Westminster Abbey and became Henry VII.
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This wedding united the houses of Lancaster and of York.
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He was the first son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York.
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He was the third child and second son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. He will later become Henry VIII.
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He died at the age of fifteen and Henry became heir to the throne.
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Margaret was the second child of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. This wedding formed an alliance with Scotland which meant peace between the two countries.
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He died of tuberculosis and was succeeded by his son Henry VIII.
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He married his brother's Spanish widow. He said that it was his father's dying wish that he marry Catherine of Aragon.
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He was crowned at the Westminster Abbey.
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A peace treaty was negotiated with France and therefore she married the King of France and became Queen of France for three months. Louis XII of France died on January 1st, 1515. Mary was the daughter of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York.
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After Catherine gave birth to several stillborn children, she finally gave birth to Mary Tudor, who will later become Mary I also known as "Bloody Mary".
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Henry Fitzroy was the illegitimate son of Henry VIII and his mistress Elizabeth Blount. He was made Duke of Richmond in June 1525.
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The Defence of the Seven Sacraments, in Latin: Assertio Septem Sacramentorum, was a book written by Henry VIII and Sir Thomas More, which spoke in defence of the Catholic religion and was presented to the Pope. The Pope gave Henry the title of Fidei Defensor (Defender of the Faith).
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Around 1527, Henry VIII wanted to divorce his wife, Catherine of Aragon, because she was not giving him a male heir.
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Cardinal Wolsey failed to convince the Pope Clement VII to annul the wedding of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon.
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Catherine was banished from court, and her rooms were given to Anne Boleyn, Henry's mistress.
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Henry VIII finally married Anne Boleyn. She could give him children and especially sons because she was young. She became Queen Consort of England.
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The Act of Restraint of Appeals meant that people could not appeal to the Pope to overturn Henry's rulings on the church.
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Elizabeth, also known as the "Virgin Queen" would be the last of the five House of Tudor monarchs.
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Henry VIII made his separation with Rome official by publishing the Act of Supremacy. The Act of Supremacy was an act passed by the parliament which declared that the king was "the only supreme head on Earth of the Church of England" and that said that the Pope did not have any power in England.
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The day after Anne's execution Henry became engaged to Seymour. They were married ten days later at the Palace of Whitehall.
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The monasteries were suppressed because they were considerate as immoral places, there was corruption, it was a place where the pope could still have power and they had a lot of land and a lot of money.
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The Pilgrimage of Grace was a popular revolt which began in Yorkshire in October 1536, under the leadership of Robert Aske. The "most serious of all Tudor period rebellions". It was a protest against Henry VIII's break with the Catholic Church and the dissolution of the monasteries. It ended in February 1537.
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Wales was legally incorporated into England, with English as its official language. The Bible was translated into Welsh in 1588.
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She died at the age of fifty.
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Henry was still without a male heir. Indeed, Anne miscarried a male child. Anne was arrested and accused of treasonous adultery and incest. On May 19, 1536, Anne was executed on Tower Green and Henry could marry his new mistress, Jane Seymour.
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Edward was the first son of Henry VIII, he finally had a male heir.
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The birth of Edward was difficult, and Queen Jane died on October 24, 1537 from an infection, twelve days after the birth of her son.
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Anne was the sister of the Duke of Cleves.
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Anne was asked for her consent to an annulment, to which she agreed and confirmed that the marriage had never been consummated.
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Thomas Cromwell was an English lawyer and statesman who served as chief minister to King Henry VIII and had help him with the annulment of his wedding with Catherine of Aragon. He was beheaded on orders of the king, who blamed false charges for the execution.
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Henry was delighted with his new queen and awarded her the lands of Cromwell. Soon after the marriage Queen Catherine had an affair with the courtier Thomas Culpeper.
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Catherine was executed because she had an affair with two men, Culpeper and Dereham, who were also executed.
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Catherine Parr helped reconcile Henry with his daughters, Mary and Elizabeth, and he put them back in the line of succession after Edward. She will be the last wife of Henry.
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He died at the age of fifty five
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He was crowned at the age of nine.
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The Book of Common Prayer was book written by Thomas Cranmer. It was the comprehensive service book for Anglican churches. It contained the written liturgies for almost any service that would be held at an Anglican church.
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The 1552 Book of Common Prayer was the second version of the Book of Common Prayer. The first Book of Common Prayer was issued in 1549 as part of the English Reformation, but Protestants criticised it for being too similar to traditional Roman Catholic services.
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This Act of Uniformity replaced the 1549 one and aimed to make England a protestant country.
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The First Statute of Repeal was an act passed by the Parliament of England. It was the first act of Mary I's reign. It annulled all religious legislation passed under the previous monarch, Edward VI.
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Edward VI died at the age of fifteen.
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Jane Grey, known as the "Nine Days' Queen", was the cousin of Edward VI. She became Queen because Edward VI removed his half-sisters, Mary and Elizabeth, from the line of succession, mostly because Mary was a Catholic whereas Jane was a Protestant. After her cousin's death, she was proclaimed Queen but was deposed nine days later, before her coronation by Mary. Mary was proclaimed on July 19, 1553.
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Mary I reigned for five years. She was known as "Bloody Mary" because during her reign over three hundred religious dissenters were burnt at the stake and about a thousand protestants left England. However her reputation of "Bloody Mary" was formed after her death.
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Wyatt's Rebellion was an unsuccessful uprising in England led by four men. Thomas Wyatt the Younger led a force from Kent to depose Mary in favour of Elizabeth.
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Jane was executed because she was accused by Mary I and convicted of high treason, like her father a month a earlier.
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Phillip II has been King of Spain, Portugal, Naples and Sicily. Mary wanted to find a husband in order to produce heirs because she did not wanted the throne to go to her sister, who was a Protestant. Therefore, they married for political reasons.
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The Second Statute of Repeal was an act passed in the Parliament of Mary I and Philip. It followed the First Statute of Repeal. The second statute abolished all religious legislation passed against the papacy from 1529 in Henry VIII's reign.
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She died at the age of forty two.
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Elizabeth was known as "the Virgin Queen" because during her reign she had many suitors, but still refused to marry.
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The Act of Supremacy replaced the original Act of Supremacy of 1534. It re-established the Church of England's independence from Rome, and Parliament conferred on Elizabeth the title of Supreme Governor of the Church of England.
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The Act of Uniformity re-introduced the Book of Common Prayer from Edward VI's reign.
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It was written by Thomas Cranmer, the Archbishop of Canterbury.
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She was crowned at Westminster Abbey.
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Pope Pius V issued the bull Regnans in Excelsis, which excommunicated Queen Elizabeth I, deprived her of her right to rule, and released her subjects from obedience to her.
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The Anglo-Spanish War was a conflict between the Kingdom of Spain and the Kingdom of England. It was never formally declared. It began with England's military expedition in 1585 to what was then the Spanish Netherlands.
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Mary plotted against her cousin and tried to assassinate her in order to become the Queen. She was helped by Christians who did not wanted a Protestant monarch.
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Elizabeth imprisoned Mary during eighteen years. Then, Mary was found guilty of plotting to assassinate Elizabeth in 1586 and was beheaded the following year at Fotheringhay Castle.
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Spanish attempted an invasion with the “Invincible Armada". They were defeated (with the help of the weather) during the Battle of Gravelines.
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Also called Tyrone's Rebellion, the Nine Year's War took place in Ireland. It was fought between an Irish alliance against English rule in Ireland, and was a response to the ongoing Tudor conquest of Ireland.
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She died at Richmond Palace, at the age of sixty nine. She reign for forty five years.
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The war ended with the Treaty of Mellifont in 1603. Many of the defeated northern lords left Ireland. This marked the end of Gaelic Ireland and led to the Plantation of Ulster.
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The war ended with the Treaty of London in 1604, negotiated between Philip III of Spain and the new king of England, James I. In the treaty, England and Spain agreed to cease their military interventions in the Spanish Netherlands and Ireland, and the English ended their high seas privateering.