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A humiliating defeat for Russia that triggered widespread internal unrest and exposed the weakness of the Tsarist regime. -
This revolution established a parliament and constitution in Iran, aiming to limit the monarch's power. -
Following "Bloody Sunday", Tsar Nicholas ll was forced to concede reforms, including the creation of the Duma. -
The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, seized power in October 1917, abolishing the monarchy and eventually winning a brutal civil war. -
The Union of Soviet Socialist REpublics was established, reorganizing, the former Russian Empire into a communist state. -
Reza Khan deposed the last Qajar shah and established his own dynasty, the Pahlavis. -
Joseph Stalin consolidated power, implementing rapid industrialization, forced collectivization, and violent purges that transformed the nation. -
The government officially changed the country's name from Persia to Iran. -
Following the 1941 invasion, Reza Shah was forced into exile, and his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, became the new monarch. -
After a surprise German attack, the Soviet Union suffered massive casualties but emerged as a global superpower following the victory at Stalingrad and the fall of Berlin. -
Allied forces from the UK and the Soviet Union invaded Iran to secure oil supplies. -
The North Korean People's Army (KPA) crosses the 38th parallel, launching an all-out offensive. -
The UN authorizes member states to provide military assistance to South Korea, leading to a coalition force. -
North Korean forces drive UN and ROK troops into a small defensive corner in the southeast. -
General MacArthur executes a surprise amphibious landing at Inchon, cutting off North Korean supply lines and reversing the war's tide. -
UN and South Korean forces push into North Korea for the first time -
Chinese Communist forces enter the war, launching a massive counteroffensive against UN troops. -
Under Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh, the Iranian parliament nationalized the country's oil industry, which was previously controlled by the British. -
The democratically elected Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh was overthrown in a coup, leading to the restoration of the Shah's power. -
A ceasefire is signed, establishing the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) and pausing, but not ending, the war. -
The Shah's government created SAVAK, the national intelligence and security organization. -
The Soviet Union launching the first artificial satellite, making a major technological milestone and the beginning of the space race. -
Nikita Khrushchev escalated Cold War tensions by installing nuclear missiles in Cuba, bringing the U.S. and USSR to the brink of nuclear war. -
The Shah launched a series of reforms aimed at modernizing and Westernizing the country, including land reform, women's suffrage, and literacy programs. -
Two reported attacks on U.S. destroyers leading Lydon B. Johnson to increase U.S. military involvement in Vietnam. -
A sustained U.S. air campaign against North Vietnamese intending to weaken Viet Cong. -
The first major engagement of the Vietnam War. -
North Korea captures a U.S. Navy intelligence ship, holding its crew for 11 months. -
A series of coordinated surprise attacks for the North Vietnamese, during the Tet holiday. -
President Richard Nixon's strategy to end U.S. involvement by withdrawing American troops but increasing military and financial aid. -
When an Ohio National Guardsmen fired into a crowed of anti-Vietnam War protesters killing 4 students. -
The papers revealed the U.S. had secretly enlarged the scope of it's actions in the Vietnam War, which was not reported to the mainstream media. -
The officially ending of U.S. military in South Vietnam leading it to be conquered by North Vietnam soon after. -
The regime declared this radical policy to create an agrarian, classless, and communist society. It abolished money, private property, and religion, and forced all citizens to work the land. -
To North Vietnamese forces capturing Saigon it leads to South Vietnam to surrender -
The Khmer Rouge captured Cambodia's capital, ending the civil war an beginning its brutal rule. Also forcing 2.5 million residents into the countryside to begin a new life in rural collectives. -
A former high school in
Phnom Pehn was converted into the Security Prison 21 (S-21), a notorious interrogation and torture center. -
Tensions escalated between the Khmer Rouge and Vietnam, leading to a series of cross-border attacks. In April 1978, a major Khmer Rouge incursion into Vietnam, including the Ba Chuc massacre of over 3,000 Vietnamese civilians, led Vietnam to decide that the pol Pot regime must be overthrown. -
In response to continued attacks, 150,000 Vietnamese troops invaded Cambodia. They captured Phnom Pehn in just two weeks, putting an end to the Khmer Rouge's brutal regime. -
During the protests against the Shah, government forces fired on demonstrators, resulting in a high number of casualties and intensifying the opposition against the monarchy. -
The earlier invasion aimed at North Vietnamese supply lines. -
Under the Khmer Rouge, citizens were subjected to brutal forced labor in rural work camps for up to 12 hours a day with minimal food. This mismanagement of the country led to widespread starvation and disease. -
The regime systematically targeted anyone considered an "enemy of the state". Thousands were killed for wearing glasses, a symbol of intellectualism. -
At sites like Choeung Ek, just outside Phnom pehn, prisoners from S-21 and other centers were systematically executed and buried in mass graves. -
North Korea begins operating g a research realtor capable of producing weapons-grade plutonium. -
Following economic stagnation and the reforms of Mikhail Gorbachev, the USSR dissolved in December 991, with Boris Yeltsin emerging as the leader of a newly independent Russian Federation. -
Russia engaged in a brutal military conflict in Chechnya and, by 1999, Vladimir Putin was elevated to power, promising to restore state authority. -
The Vietnamese installed anew goverment, but the Khmer Rouge retreated to the jungles and continued fighting. Pol Pot died in 1998 while under house arrest by his former comrades, never facing international justice for his crimes. -
The Extaordinary Chambers in the Courts of the Cambodia, a un-backed tribunal, was established to prosecute senior Khmer Rouge leaders. -
North Korea detonates parts of the road and railway links connecting it to South Korea